Beetles that live with ants (Carabidae, Pseudomorphini, Pseudomorpha Kirby, 1825): A revision of the santarita species group
Author
Erwin, Terry L.
Hyper-diversity Group, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA
erwint@si.edu
Author
Amundson, Lauren M.
Hyper-diversity Group Summer Intern, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA
text
ZooKeys
2013
2013-12-13
362
29
54
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.362.6300
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.362.6300
1313-2970-362-29
569812E982B54BCF84E0D4C43AEE8273
EA63FFD35254FFFC603C7A5E8D08FFA0
578109
Pseudomorphini Newman, 1842
False-form beetles
Pseudomorphini
Newman, 1842:365 (as Pseudomorphites)
Taxonomy.
Stable at the generic level.
Classification.
According to
Ober and Maddison (2008)
,
Pseudomorphini
appears as a branch of the higher
Carabidae
and associated with
Graphipterini
and
Orthogonini
; according to
Erwin and Geraci (2008)
, the adelphotaxon is the tribe
Orthogonini
. All three tribes are associated in some way with ants or termites. Male genitalia of pseudomorphines have a bonnet-shaped phallobase like the lebiomorphs, yet their accompanying parameres are large and nearly symmetrical (and in some species the parameres are sparsely setiferous, as in some primitive lineages of the family). Many known lineages of
Pseudomorphini
have been so highly selected for life with ants (and possibly termites) that external structures do not help much in discovering more normal carabid relatives.
References.
Baehr (1992
,
1997
);
Erwin and Geraci (2008)
;
Moore (1964
,
1974
,
1983
);
Ogueta (1967)
;
Notman (1925)
.