Two new dipluran species unearthed from subterranean habitats of the Canary Islands (Arthropoda, Hexapoda, Entognatha)
Author
Sendra, Alberto
Author
Lopez, Heriberto
Author
Selfa, Jesus
Author
Oromi, Pedro
text
Subterranean Biology
2020
34
39
59
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.34.50231
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.34.50231
1314-2615-34-39
B205890720E7465A8F341FA674D9BB6F
6C5495B76C8B5C8E92749B4FD5AAFBD9
Remycampa herbanica Sendra &
Oromi
sp. nov.
Figs 5-12
, 13-16
, 17-20
, 21-26
, 27-30
;
Tables 1
,
2
Type locality.
Spain, Canary Islands, Fuerteventura: El Castillo,
Montana
Blanca Cave (
28°24'3.48"N
,
13°52'51.08"W
, 166 m a.s.l.).
Type material.
Holotype: 1 ♀, Spain, Canary Islands, Fuerteventura: El Castillo,
Montana
Blanca Cave (
28°24'3.48"N
,
13°52'51.08"W
, 166 m a.s.l.), 5 October 2018, A. Sendra & P.
Oromi
leg. (DZUL). Paratypes: 5 ♂♂, 1 juvenile (labelled M1 to M5-paratype and J-paratype), same locality as holotype, 12 July 2015, P.
Oromi
, H.
Lopez
& B.
Rodriguez
leg. All type material mounted in Marc
Andre
II solution. Depositories: DZUL (2 ♂♂), IPNA-CSIC (1 ♂), ASM (2 ♂♂, 1 juvenile).
Other studied material.
Same data as holotype, two specimens mounted on two separate aluminium stages and coated with palladium-gold.
Description.
Body length 3.8-4.4 mm in males (n = 5), 4.2 mm in females (n = 1) and 2.2 mm in one juvenile (Table
1
). Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope but slightly reticulated at high magnifications as irregular polygonal structures of variable size (Fig.
14
). Body with scarce short clothing setae with one or two apical barbs on each seta (Fig.
18
).
Table 1.
Remycampa herbanica
Sendra &
Oromi
, sp. nov. (all units in mm except number of antennomers).
| Specimen |
Body length |
Antennae length |
Number of antennomeres |
Metathoracic leg |
| Coxa |
Trochanter |
Femur |
Tibia |
Tarsus |
Total leg |
| Paratype, ♂1 |
4.4 |
- |
- |
0.16 |
0.12 |
0.60 |
0.76 |
0.53 |
2.17 |
| Holotype, ♀ |
4.2 |
3.54 |
36 |
0.18 |
0.15 |
0.62 |
0.72 |
0.54 |
2.21 |
| Paratype, ♂2 |
4.0 |
- |
- |
0.18 |
0.12 |
0.52 |
0.80 |
0.50 |
2.12 |
| Paratype, ♂5 |
3.9 |
- |
- |
0.16 |
0.10 |
0.53 |
0.74 |
0.51 |
2.04 |
| Paratype, ♂3 |
3.8 |
- |
- |
0.15 |
0.10 |
0.51 |
0.70 |
0.49 |
1.95 |
| Paratype, J |
2.2 |
- |
- |
0.10 |
0.08 |
0.36 |
0.38 |
0.30 |
0.92 |
Antennae with 36 antennomeres in one complete intact antenna in the holotype; antennae 0.84
x
as long as the body length with medial antennomeres 2
x
longer than wide, as is the apical antennomere. Cupuliform organ with about 21 complex olfactory chemoreceptors arranged in two concentric circles with one in the centre, each apparently with a pile of fused plates forming a coniform structure (Figs
5-9
). Distal and central antennomeres with two or three whorls of barbed macrosetae and scattered smooth setae, in addition to a single distal whorl of 8-12 short thick gouge sensilla 10
µm
long (Fig.
10
). These latter are more abundant on the dorsal side of the antennomere, including one or two very short coniform sensilla. Proximal antennomeres with typical trichobothria, plus a small coniform sensillum on third antennomere in ventral position.
Figures 5-12.
Remycampa herbanica
sp. nov.
5
Distal antennomere
6
lateral detail of the cupuliform organ with olfactory chemoreceptors
7
cupuliform organ
8
apical end of an olfactory chemoreceptor
9
medial antennomere
10
gouge sensilla
11
frontal process
12
ventral view of the head, detail of labial palps and submentum.
Moderate protrusion of frontal process covered with very slightly tuberculated setae with two to five barbs on distal half (Fig.
11
). Three macrosetae along each side of the line of insertion of antennomere and setae
x
with thin distal barbs; length ratios
a/i/p/x
as the 29/26/17/24 in female paratype (Fig.
11
).
Large mandibulae with at least five teeth, the two posterior ones with a row of small denticles. Atypical labium with slight torsion to the right of the labial palps, slight elongation of the palpiform processes, and a deep groove in the middle of labium from posterior border of anterior lobe to the middle of submentum, without reaching the posterior border of labium (Fig.
12
). Suboval labial palps each with small latero-external sensillum, three guard setae and up to 68 neuroglandular setae (Fig.
12
).
Thoracic macroseta distribution (Figs
13
-
20
): pronotum and mesonotum with 1+1
ma
, 1+1
la
, 1+1
lp
macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1
ma
macrosetae. All macrosetae short and slightly thick with short barbs along basal two-thirds of each seta; marginal setae longer and more barbed than clothing setae (Figs
13
-
20
). Legs elongated, metathoracic legs reaching abdominal segment IX, about 0.5
x
as long as the body length (Figs
21-26
; Table
1
). Tibia always longer than femur or tarsus (Table
1
). Femorae I-III each with one short thick dorsal macroseta with a few barbs. Calcars with long barbs throughout one side (Fig.
25
). Tibiae I-III with two short ventral macrosetae with two to four distal barbs; some paratypes with three sternal tibial macrosetae on the metathoracic leg (Figs
23
,
26
). Two rows of ventral barbed setae with two lines each of two to five barbs (Figs
21
,
25
). Three smooth dorsal distal tarsal setae longer than the rest (Fig.
21
). Subequal claws with a lateral expansion curved towards the two ventral sides. Smooth laminar telotarsal processes curved along and ending in a slightly wide expansion with a narrow prolongation on one side, a unique shape among diplurans (Figs
21
,
22
,
25
).
Figures 13-16.
Remycampa herbanica
sp. nov.
13
Pro-, meso- and metanotum of holotype, left side
14
detail of pronotum with medial anterior macrosetae
15
left posterior portion of pronotum and left anterior anterior portion of mesonotum
16
right posterior portion of mesonotum with lateral posterior macrosetae.
Figures 17-20.
Remycampa herbanica
sp. nov.
17
Pronotum
18
detail of pronotum with medial anterior macrosetae
19
detail of pronotum with lateral anterior and lateral posterior macrosetae
20
detail of pronotum with clothing setae.
Figures 21-26.
Remycampa herbanica
sp. nov. metathoracic leg.
21
Distal portion of the tarsus
22
detail of claws
23
right metathoracic leg
24
pretarsus
25
joint between tibia and tarsus with a calcar
26
medial portion of tibia with ventral macrosetae.
Distribution of abdominal macrosetae on tergites (Fig.
27
): 1+1
ma
on I-III; 1+1
ma
, 1+1
la
on IV, 1+1
ma
, 1+1
la
, 1+1
lp3
on V-VII; 1+1
mp
, 3+3
lp1-3
on VIII; and 1+1
mp
, 5+5
lp1-5
on IX abdominal segment. All tergal abdominal macrosetae short, slightly thick with thin short barbs being
ma
and
mp
the shortest.
Urosternite I with 6+6 macrosetae (Figs
28
,
29
); urosternites II to VII with 4+4 macrosetae; urosternite VIII with 1+1 macrosetae; urosternal macrosetae of medium length or longer, with a few long barbs in one single row along the distal half to four-fifths. Stylus with an apical, a subapical and a ventromedial seta with a few long barbs arranged in one row along the distal four-fifths (Fig.
30
). Cerci more than 2
x
as long as the body length, 2.1
x
as long as the body in the only apparently intact cercus of the holotype; with 27 primary articles, not counting the multi-divided basal article (Table
2
). Length of cerci increases very slightly from the proximal to distal articles; they are covered with a whorl of alternate smooth thin macrosetae and smooth thin setae, and a whorl of shorter smooth thin setae at the end of each primary article. These whorls, except the apical one, increase from one to four from the proximal to distal primary articles.
Female urosternite I with slim cylindrical appendages, each bearing up to seven glandular
a1
setae in a distal field (Fig.
29
).
Male urosternite I with short coniform appendages, each bearing about 13 glandular
a1
setae in a distal field; posterior edge occupied by a large but narrow field of cramped up to 190 glandular
g1
setae (Fig.
28
).
Figures 27-30.
Remycampa herbanica
sp. nov.
27
Dorsal view of abdomen, right side, holotype
28
male first urosternite, paratype
29
female first urosternite
30
left stylus and vesicle of the fifth urosternite. s = setiform sensillum).
Table 2.
Remycampa herbanica
Sendra &
Oromi
, sp. nov. (all units in mm except number cercal articles and basal secondary articles).
| - |
Cerci, articles length |
| Divisions basal article |
Basal |
1st |
2nd |
3tr |
4th |
5th |
6th |
7th |
8th |
9th |
10th |
11th |
12th |
13th |
14th |
| 10 |
1.25 |
0.16 |
0.18 |
0.20 |
0.19 |
0.19 |
0.20 |
0.23 |
0.22 |
0.24 |
0.26 |
0.26 |
0.25 |
0.26 |
0.28 |
| 10 |
1.58 |
0.18 |
0.18 |
0.18 |
0.18 |
0.21 |
0.22 |
0.23 |
0.24 |
0.25 |
0.28 |
0.27 |
0.26 |
0.27 |
0.29 |
|
Divisions basal article
|
15th
|
16th
|
17th
|
18th
|
19th
|
20th
|
21th
|
22th
|
23th
|
24th
|
25th
|
26th
|
27th
|
Total cercus
|
| 10 |
0.28 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.32 |
0.32 |
0.30 |
0.34 |
0.32 |
0.34 |
0.35 |
0.33 |
0.30 |
8.66 |
| 10 |
0.28 |
0.29 |
0.29 |
0.31 |
0.31 |
0.33 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Etymology.
Referring to Herbania, the ancient name of Fuerteventura, the only island on which it has been found.
Molecular data.
The barcode sequence of one specimen of
R. herbanica
(code 112BC) has been registered in GenBank with the ascension number MN729498.
Phylogenetic analyses.
Available
COI
barcode sequences of
Diplura
stored in BOLD were retrieved (search for
Diplura
on 14th November 2019 at http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/) to identify the species closest to
R. herbanica
. After excluding redundant sequences for several taxa, a total of 46 sequences, representing approximately 28 species from at least 10 genera were retained. They were then aligned with the newly generated
R. herbanica
sequence using the MAFFT E-INS-I algorithm (
Katoh et al. 2002
). A preliminary maximum likelihood tree was generated using the Fast Tree 2.1.5 (
Price et al. 2009
) tool in Geneious 7.1.9 (
Kearse et al. 2012
) to identify taxa closely related to
R. herbanica
.
The genetic results do not show well supported relationships of
R. herbanica
with the other diplurans with barcode sequences in BOLD. Based on this preliminary result we only can confirm genetically that this new species belongs to the family
Campodeidae
.