On Venezuelan pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae) Author Huber, Bernhard A. 33607F65-19BF-4DC9-94FD-4BB88CED455F Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany. b.huber@leibniz-zfmk.de Author Villarreal, Osvaldo 679C385E-B068-4351-9D2F-97753E534C26 Museo del Instituto de Zoología Agrícola, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela. & Museu Nacional / UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. osvaldovillarreal@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-10-01 718 1 317 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2020.718.1101 4069574 F9E9A91E-488C-4DB1-9361-E788E9AC5BC1 Carapoia paraguaensis González-Sponga, 1998 Figs 102–105 , 1030, 1036 Carapoia paraguaensis González-Sponga, 1998: 19 , figs 1–10 (♂ ♀ ). Carapoia paraguaensis – Huber 2000: 240 , figs 947–954; 2005b: 555, figs 67–72, 89–90, 96; 2018: fig. 741. — Carvalho et al. 2017: 13 . Type material VENEZUELA – Bolívar • 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ , 2 juvs types (see Notes below), MIZA 105736 ( MAGS 1178 ), “ río Carapo, en la base del tepui Guaiquinima ” [ 5.728° N , 63.534° W ], 480 m a.s.l. , 17 Feb. 1990 ( L. Sanabria , M.A. González S. ); examined . New records VENEZUELA – Bolívar • 4 ♂♂ , ZFMK (Ar 21840), and 2 ♂♂ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-171), La Neverita ( 8.0970° N , 62.6727° W ), 225 m a.s.l. , 13 Nov. 2018 ( B.A. Huber , O. Villarreal M. ) • 1 ♀ , CAS (separated from 9027301), Río Caura , Campamento Cecilia Magdalena [approximately 6.3° N , 64.5° W , 250 m a.s.l. ], 12 Apr. 1957 (collector not given). – Delta Amacuro • 8 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ , 1 juv. , ZFMK (Ar 21839), and 1 ♂ , 3 ♀♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-166), between El Triunfo and Piacoa ( 8.5285° N , 62.2958° W ), 75 m a.s.l. , 12 Nov. 2018 ( B.A. Huber , O. Villarreal M. ) . Notes Contrary to the original description, the holotype is not physically separated from the paratypes ; the specimens above are thus treated as ‘types’. The two males in the type vial appear indistinguishable, so there is currently no need to designate a lectotype . However, in addition to the two females of C. paraguaensis , the vial contains three females of Mesabolivar spinosus ( González-Sponga, 2005 ) . The original drawings of the female were made from correctly identified specimens. Figs 102–105. Carapoia paraguaensis González-Sponga, 1998 ; live males and females from Delta Amacuro, between El Triunfo and Piacoa. Note sexual color dimorphism. Distribution Widespread in the Guyana Highlands of eastern Venezuela , Guyana , and northern Brazil (Fig. 1036; see also Huber 2018: fig. 741). The two 2018 records above mark the most northern localities of this species known so far. The species has not been documented from north of the Orinoco River. Natural history This species was found in strongly curved, sometimes almost globular webs, close to the ground but exposed rather than hidden in protected spaces.