A review of the Ptocasius Simon, 1885 spiders of Gaoligong Mountains, China (Araneae: Salticidae) Author Yang, Su-Fang 623A01EA-41AD-41AB-8CAD-EEFDB651F1DA Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. yangsu03-11@163.com Author Peng, Xian-Jin 87E11EB5-D918-4E67-841E-B291C651FE72 College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. xjpeng@126.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-11-07 903 1 1 61 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2321/10085 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2023.903.2321 2118-9773 10119638 036AB8E1-669E-499B-8CA7-141509A11F2C Ptocasius jietouensis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F901D7B7-DE3B-4154-AB21-7CD98AB05EB7 Figs 18–20 , 44 Diagnosis The male of the new species resembles that of P. lushiensis ( Zhang & Zhu, 2007 ) ( Zhu & Zhang 2011 : fig. 384a–c), but can be distinguished by: (1) genital bulb almost as long as wide in ventral view ( Figs 18B , 20A ), while distinctly longer than wide in P. lushiensis ( Zhu & Zhang 2011 : fig. 384b); (2) genital lobe somewhat rectangular, originating at about 5:00 o’clock position in ventral view ( Figs 18B , 20A ), while somewhat triangular, originating at about 6:00 o’clock in P. lushiensis ( Zhu & Zhang 2011 : fig. 384b); (3) tibial apophysis knife-shaped in retrolateral view ( Figs 18C , 20B ), while thornshaped in P. lushiensis ( Zhu & Zhang 2011 : fig. 384c). The female of the new species resembles that of P. lushiensis ( Zhu & Zhang 2011 : fig. 384d–e), but can be distinguished by: (1) interdistance of pockets almost four times as wide as pocket width in ventral view ( Figs 19B , 20D ), while narrower than pocket width in P. lushiensis ( Zhu & Zhang 2011 : fig. 384d); (2) copulatory openings diagonal in ventral view ( Figs 19B , 20D ), while longitudinal in P. lushiensis ( Zhu & Zhang 2011 : fig. 384d). Etymology The specific name is derived from the type locality Jietou Township. Fig. 18. Ptocasius jietouensis sp. nov. , holotype, ♂ (HNU-Tang031023A). A . Body, dorsal view. B . Palp, ventral view. C . Palp, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂; Yunnan Province , Tengchong County , Jietou Township , Shaba Village , Lijiazhai Group ; 25º14′10″ N , 98º25′16″ E ; 1819 m a.s.l. ; 23 Oct. 2003 ; Guo Tang leg.; HNU-Tang031023A. Paratypes (1 ♂, 1♀ ) CHINA – Yunnan Province • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; HNU-Tang031023P . Description Male ( holotype ) BODY AND HEAD . Total length 3.99. Prosoma 2.13 long, 1.56 wide. Opisthosoma 2.01 long, 1.20 wide. Clypeus high 0.13. Carapace ( Fig. 18A ) dark brown, covered with short white hairs; carapace margin and eyes base black; anterior and eyes base covered with dense short brown hairs; lateral margins of ocular area black with dense white hairs. Fovea sulciform and dark brown. Cervical groove indistinct, Fig. 19. Ptocasius jietouensis sp. nov. , paratype, ♀ (HNU-Tang031023P). A . Body, dorsal view. B . Epigynum, ventral view. C . Vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. radial groove brown. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.46, ALE 0.23, PLE 0.25, AERW 1.08, PERW 1.08, EL 1.17. Sternum yellowish-brown and scutiform, densely covered with brown hairs. Clypeus yellowish-brown, sparsely covered with long brown hairs. Endites and labium yellowish-brown, sparsely covered with dark brown hairs; distal area yellowish-white, densely covered with grayish hairs. CHELICERAE ( Fig. 20C ). Yellowish brown, covered with brown hairs, two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal denticle. LEGS . Light yellow, with black annuli and spots, densely covered with black hairs, bearing numerous short spines. Tibiae I and II with three pairs of long ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with two pairs of ventral spines. LEG MEASUREMENTS . I = 3.51 (1.15, 1.39, 0.50, 0.47), II = 3.79 (1.20, 1.30, 0.79, 0.50), III = 3.52 (1.16, 1.20, 0.67, 0.49), IV = 2.89 (0.97, 1.08, 0.42, 0.42). Leg formula: II–III–I–IV. Fig. 20. Ptocasius jietouensis sp. nov. A–C . Holotype, ♂ (HNU-Tang031023A). D–F . Paratype, ♀ (HNU-Tang031023P). A . Palp, ventral view. B . Palp, retrolateral view. C . Chelicerae, posterior view. D . Epigynum, ventral view. E . Vulva, dorsal view. F . Chelicerae, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. ABDOMEN ( Fig. 18A ). Almost cylindrical, dorsum yellowish brown with black spots, densely covered with short brown hairs, each side with a black longitudinal band, sparsely covered with long brown hairs, four small light spots; the median area with a nail-shaped light spot; the posterior portion with three to four black herring bones; ventral yellowish white, densely covered with black hairs, scattered with black spots; sides with a discontinuous black longitudinal band. Spinnerets dark brown, densely covered with long white hairs. PALP ( Figs 18B–C , 20A–B ). Longer than wide; embolus slender and sinuous, originates at about 7:00 o’clock position in ventral view; genital bulb with membranous structure, genital lobe somewhat rectangular; tibial apophysis knife-shaped, about ⅓ the length of the genital bulb. Female (a paratype ) BODY AND HEAD . Total length 4.37. Prosoma 2.80 long, 1.72 wide. Opisthosoma 2.38 long, 1.45 wide. Clypeus high 0.10. Carapace ( Fig. 19A ) dark brown, covered with brown hairs; carapace margin and eyes base black; anterior area covered with long brown brush-shaped hairs; lateral area yellowish white, densely covered with white hairs. Fovea dark brown and sulciform. Cervical groove indistinct, radial groove brown. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.50, ALE 0.26, PME 0.62, PLE 0.23, AERW 1.05, PERW 1.17, EL 1.00. Sternum scutiform, yellowish brown, densely covered with brown hairs. Clypeus yellowish brown. Endites and labium brown, sparsely covered with long brown hairs; distal area yellow-white, densely covered with gray hairs. CHELICERAE ( Fig. 20F ). Yellowish brown, sparsely covered with long and short brown hairs, two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal denticle. LEGS . Light yellow, covered with brown hairs, bearing numerous short spines. Tibiae I and II with three pairs of long ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with two pairs of ventral spines. LEG MEASUREMENTS . I = 3.36 (0.95, 1.43, 0.56, 0.42), II = 3.28 (1.13, 1.27, 0.43, 0.45), III = 3.85 (1.33, 1.36, 0.67, 0.49), IV = 4.20 (1.41, 1.54, 0.74, 0.51). Leg formula: IV–III–I–II. ABDOMEN ( Fig. 19A ). Almost oval, dorsum yellowish white, densely covered with brown hairs, sparsely with long brown hairs; the posterior portion sparsely covered with long brown hairs; each side with a black longitudinal band, the median area with four dentations; the posterior portion with a black spot; ventral yellowish white, densely covered with white hairs, scattered with black spots; sides sparsely covered with short brown hairs. Spinnerets dark brown, densely covered with long white hairs. EPIGYNUM ( Figs 19B–C , 20D–E ). Almost as long as wide; the pockets present below, relatively close to copulatory openings, interdistance of pockets four times as wide as pocket width in ventral view; copulatory openings diagonal; copulatory ducts thick, sinuous; spermathecae simple, distinctly twisting outward, close to each other. Distribution China ( Yunnan Province , Fig. 44 ).