<document id="4B5EA7293EF262EE742379A49EC526C1" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4140.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4140.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="01995ca4-7d04-4402-b21a-926957b1a391" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="256507" ID-ZooBank="AD1F6B4E-3B0D-422C-B47C-0495BD385857" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1469426945103" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nguyen, Tung T., Nguyen, Anh D., Tran, Binh T. T. &amp; Blakemore, Robert J." docDate="2016" docId="B5727931FFBB790DFF3C2704610C8FD9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4140.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4140 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pithemera Sims &amp; Easton 1972" docType="treatment" docVersion="22" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="494B0149FFB17907FFAB254162078C42" masterDocTitle="A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae)" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698365898991" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="863E12A16E28BAA2BB47DAB544067F97">A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81FF4F17A1876E53FAA51C2D98877B97">Nguyen, Tung T.</mods:namePart>
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Genus 
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<emphasis id="0FAF1435FFBB790DFF452704636C8E1D" bold="true" box="[238,363,581,607]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pithemera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="594AB5D6FFBB790DFED8270460718E1D" author="Sims" box="[371,630,581,607]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Sims, R. W. &amp; Easton, E. G. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima auct. (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 169 - 268. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Sims &amp; Easton, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="FADBB3A4FFBB790DFF3C27CD600D8EE0" authority="Sim &amp; Easton, 1972: 202" authorityName="Sim &amp; Easton" authorityPageNumber="202" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,522,652,674]" class="Oligochaeta" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pithemera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0FAF1435FFBB790DFF3C27CD63068EE0" box="[151,257,652,674]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pithemera</emphasis>
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: 202
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.
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<emphasis id="0FAF1435FFBB790DFF3C278F63358EA5" bold="true" box="[151,306,718,743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FADBB3A4FFBB790DFE92278F60B78EA5" authority="Perrier, 1875" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1875" box="[313,688,718,743]" class="Oligochaeta" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bicincta">
<emphasis id="0FAF1435FFBB790DFE92278F60128EA5" box="[313,533,718,743]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Perichaeta bicincta</emphasis>
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, by original designation.
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<emphasis id="0FAF1435FFBB790DFF6C27B363678F49" bold="true" box="[199,352,754,779]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</emphasis>
Mainly in Pacific Isls, e.g. Solomon Isl., 
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, 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="45CC88B7FFBB790DFBA327B266538F49" box="[1032,1108,755,779]" name="Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Samoa</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="45CC88B7FFBB790DFBC827B366E68F49" box="[1123,1249,754,779]" name="Philippines" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Philippines</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="594AB5D6FFBB790DFB5B27B362D48F6D" author="Sims" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Sims, R. W. &amp; Easton, E. G. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima auct. (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 169 - 268. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Sims &amp; Easton 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 202; 
<bibRefCitation id="594AB5D6FFBB790DFEBD265763D38F6D" author="Blakemore" box="[278,468,790,815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2002) Cosmopolitan Earthworms - an Eco - Taxonomic Guide to the Peregrine Species of the World. 2 nd Ed. VermEcology, PO BOX 414 Kippax, ACT 2615, Australia. August, 2002." type="journal article" year="2002">Blakemore 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 223, 2012a).
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<emphasis id="0FAF1435FFBB790DFF6C267B633C8F11" bold="true" box="[199,315,826,851]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</emphasis>
Members of the genus are easily recognized by the presence of intestinal caeca at xxi–xxiv, absence of copulatory pouches, and single or paired female pores on xiv. Currently, twelve species have been described (
<bibRefCitation id="594AB5D6FFBB790DFF3526C363368FD9" author="Csuzdi" box="[158,305,898,923]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Csuzdi, Cs. (2012) Earthworm species, a searchable database. Opuscula Zoologica, 43 (1), 97 - 99. Avaliable from: http: // earthworm. uw. hu / (Accessed 21 Jul. 2016)" type="journal article" year="2012">Csuzdi 2012</bibRefCitation>
), but only one has been found in Vietnam.
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