The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins
Author
Chan, Jeffery C. F.
Author
Tsang, Alphonse H. F.
Author
Yau, Sze-man
Author
Hui, Tommy C. H.
Author
Lau, Anthony
Author
Tan, Heok Hui
Author
Low, Bi Wei
Author
Dudgeon, David
Author
Liew, Jia Huan
text
Raffles Bulletin of Zoology
2023
2023-02-22
71
128
168
journal article
10.26107/RBZ-2023-0012
2345-7600
82C3DAD3-0920-4430-A93D-9F887A58DC1A
Cirrhinus mrigala
(Hamilton)
Distribution.
Wong Lung Hang, Lam Tsuen River (DSD, 2021); Ng Tung River, Ho Chung River (GBIF.org, 2021).
Native range.
South Asia.
Remarks
. Fingerlings are sold as feeder fish for large, carnivorous ornamental species and are sometimes released during Buddhist rituals.
Distribution.
Sandy Ridge Cemetery (
Chan, 2001
; Ove Arup & Partners
Hong Kong
Limited, 2016); Kam Tin River (Black & Veatch
Hong Kong
Limited, 2005; current survey); Wo Shang Wai area (Mott Connell
Limited, 2008
); San Tau area (Ove Arup & Partners
Hong Kong
Limited, 2009); High Island Reservoir, Ho Pui Reservoir, Hok Tau Reservoir, Shing Mun Reservoir, Kowloon Reservoir, Kowloon Reception Reservoir, Pok Fu Lam Reservoir (
Lai, 2011
; current survey); Tai Lam Chung Reservoir (
Lai, 2011
; AFCD, 2021c; GBIF.org, 2021; current survey); Plover Cove Reservoir (
Lai, 2011
; GBIF.org, 2021); Kong Nga Po area (Mott MacDonald
Hong Kong
Limited, 2013); Tai Sheung Tok area (Ove Arup & Partners
Hong Kong
Limited, 2014); Tseng Lan Shue area (Black & Veatch
Hong Kong
Limited, 2018); Ha Che area (Atkins
China
Limited, 2020); Nam Wa Po area (DSD, 2020); Shek Kiu Tau area (Mott MacDonald
Hong Kong
Limited, 2020); Shek Pik Reservoir (AFCD, 2021c); Wong Lung Hang, Shek Kong Stream, Ho Chung River, Yuen Long Bypass Floodway, Lam Tsuen River, Ma Wat River (DSD, 2021); Ng Tung River,
Hong Kong
Park, Tin Shui Wai River, Yuen Long Park, Tin Shui Wai Park, Kowloon Park, Wetland Park, Sheung Wo Hang Stream, Tai Tam Byewash Reservoir, Plover Cove Reservoir (GBIF.org, 2021, as
Cyrpinus carpio
and
Cyprinus rubrofuscus
); Mai Po Nature Reserve (WWF, 2021)); Sham Tseng Settlement Basin, Aberdeen Upper Reservoir, Hoi Ha Stream, Tai O River, Yung Shue O Stream (current survey).
Native range.
Black, Caspian, and Aral seas basins, Europe.
Remarks
. Only
Cyprinus carpio
has been recorded in the results of our DNA barcoding despite citizen science suggesting the presence of both
C.
carpio
and
C. rubrofuscus
. The latter is not considered to occur in
Hong Kong
until genetic evidence is obtained. Wild-types are most commonly encountered in Hong Kong’s fresh waters and likely originate from aquaculture while the ornamental
variety originate
from the aquarium trade, with the latter now becoming increasingly common in village streams. Juvenile ornamental varieties are sometimes released during Buddhist rituals.