Arumatia, a new genus of Diapheromerinae stick insects (Insecta, Phasmatodea) from Brazil, with the description of five new species and a reassessment of species misplaced in Australian genera Author Ghirotto, Victor Morais 905002F8-3DF8-4640-87C2-81C10F9CBC2B Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Projeto Phasma, São Paulo, Brazil. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “ Júlio de Mesquita Filho ”, Assis, Brazil. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. Victorghirotto@hotmail.com Author Crispino, Edgar Blois 672BF116-8086-4783-9FB8-1149A99914D5 Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Projeto Phasma, São Paulo, Brazil. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “ Júlio de Mesquita Filho ”, Assis, Brazil. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. edgarbcrispino@gmail.com Author Engelking, Phillip Watzke 64491A5C-6DFF-4E82-9F1B-F8BB1BDEB3FF engelking.phillip@gmail.com Author Neves, Pedro Alvaro Barbosa Aguiar 430B96C4-79F8-4997-AAA4-61289FC08E1D alvaro3dssa@gmail.com Author Góis, Júlia de BCF3039B-CE53-4119-AD3A-E9C93BA11A9D juliadegois@gmail.com Author Chiquetto-Machado, Pedro Ivo BD1800B1-06FA-493A-BB8D-9C0C371CC9E5 Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Projeto Phasma, São Paulo, Brazil. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “ Júlio de Mesquita Filho ”, Assis, Brazil. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. pedroivocm@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2022 2022-07-04 827 827 1 85 http://zoobank.org/8b6f1573-b627-4c62-94ca-db0f1146ed2c journal article 89522 10.5852/ejt.2022.827.1849 7cad31f6-9bbf-434c-a411-14cef4448ff0 2118-9773 6795618 8B6F1573-B627-4C62-94CA-DB0F1146ED2C Megaphasma denticrus ( Stål, 1875 ) Fig. 54 Diapheromera denticrus Stål, 1875: 73 . Diapheromera armata Piza, 1973: 183 . Syn. nov. Diapheromera denticrus – see Brock et al . 2022 for an extensive citation list. Megaphasma dentricus [sic] – Caudell 1903: 572 (misspelling of “ denticrus ”). Megaphasma denticrus – Rehn 1903: 329 . (see Brock et al . 2022 for an extensive citation list) Remarks While analysing specimens at MELQ, the authors came across the holotype of Diapheromera armata Piza, 1973 ( Fig. 54 ) which was described based on that male, purportedly collected in the municipality of Lavras, state of Minas Gerais , Brazil . Piza, following traditional taxonomic practices at his time, usually considered slight phenotypic variations as enough evidence to propose a new species (see ChamorroRengifo & Braun 2010 and Crispino et al . 2020 ). Piza (1973) stated that a few differences mainly in body proportions separated D. armata from Megaphasma denticrus ( Stål, 1875 ) . His species, however, matches the morphology of M. denticrus described in the literature and observed in photographs of type material and additional specimens ( Caudell 1903 ; Brock et al . 2022 ), so it is here synonymized under Megaphasma denticrus ( Stål, 1875 ) . Phasmids belonging to Megaphasma and related genera occur only in North America. Therefore, we do not consider this doubtful record of M. denticrus from Brazil to be valid nor the lineage to have representatives native or introduced to South America. This record could be equivocal and explained by a simple mislabelling or, more unlikely, be explained by an actual event of introduction which is until now unconfirmed and lacks further evidence. At least two other exotic phasmids were described as Brazilian species by Piza (1938) : Dilophocephalus paradiacanthoides Piza, 1938 and Dixippus brasiliensis Piza, 1938 , both of which were later synonymized by Bragg (2001) under other names. The holotype of at least one of these species came from the zoological collection of the Museu Paulista which preceded the creation of the MZUSP ( Grola 2014 ) and went through several rearrangements and loss of information ( Chamorro-Rengifo & Braun 2010 ). The same could be true for the holotype of D. armata , leading to a mislabelling of the specimen.