Two new species of Entomobrya Rondani (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from northeastern Brazil and comments on the genus Author Santos, Nathália Michelly Da Cunha Author Santos-Costa, Renata Clicia Dos Author Siqueira, Orquianne Judy Rafael Author Godeiro, Nerivânia Nunes Author Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante text Zootaxa 2020 2020-02-04 4731 1 43 62 journal article 24187 10.11646/zootaxa.4731.1.3 bfec807a-63bf-4b93-9474-c42a676122c0 1175-5326 3635606 17BC9241-EDD2-476D-AE5E-1C18E8C50EF7 Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. Siqueira & Bellini Figs 25 – 45 , Table 1 Type Material. Holotype female in slide ( CC /UFRN): Brazil , Bahia State , Abaíra municipality, Catolés district , nearby Pico do Barbado , Chapada Diamantina National Park , ( 12° 59’52’’ 41° 24’21’’W ), 07.xi.2013 , B.C. Bellini , B.C. & A.S. Ferreira coll. Paratypes in slides ( CC /UFRN): 2 males and 6 females , same data as holotype . Diagnosis. Trunk colour pattern with pigmented lateral edges on Th. II – Abd. III, posterior Th. II and Abd. IV, central Th. III, Abd. III and Abd. VI, and entire Abd. V ( Fig. 25 ). Dorsal chaetotaxy of head lacking M1 , M3 , S0–1 mac, An series with 5 mac ( Fig. 29 ). Prelabral chaetae ciliate ( Fig. 30 ). Labial chaetae M , E , L1–2 ciliate, others smooth, R absent ( Fig. 32 ). Trunk dorsal chaetotaxy reduced ( Figs 33–39 ). Th. II lacking m1–2 , m5 , p series lacking central multiplets, with 1–2 central mac ( Fig. 33 ). Th. III chaetotaxy strongly reduced, lacking secondary and p2 mac ( Fig. 34 ). Abd. I – III with 1 central mac each, Abd. IV with 3 – 4 central and 7 lateral mac ( Figs 35 – 38 ). Unguiculi acuminate with up to 3 teeth on posterior edge ( Fig. 40 ). Trochanteral organ with 9 – 12 smooth spinelike chaetae ( Fig. 41 ). Ventral tube anteriorly with 3+3 distal mac ( Fig. 42 ). Mucro teeth subequal; mucronal spine surpassing the apex of proximal tooth ( Fig. 45 ). Description. Habitus typical of Entomobrya ( Fig. 25 ), average body length (head + trunk) 1.42 mm , holotype length 1.62 mm . Specimens fixed in ethanol with yellowish to white background with blue pigment on antennae, lateral Th. II – Abd. III, posterior Th. II and Abd. IV, central Th. III, Abd. III and Abd. VI, and entire Abd. V; light pigments on legs and distal furca; eyes black ( Fig. 25 ). Head ( Figs 26 – 32 ). Antennae shorter than trunk, ratio antennae: body of holotype 1:2.38; ratio antennal segments of holotype Ant. I: II: III: IV equal 1:1.97:2:2.29. Ant. IV lacking subdivisions or clear annulations, with an apically bilobed or simple apical bulb ( Fig. 26 ) (one specimen abnormally with one six-lobed apical bulb), with ciliate chaetae and smooth sens of different sizes plus a dorsal modified short sens; ventrally with a subapical modified large sens ( Fig. 26 ). Ant. III sense organ typical with 2 sensory rods and 3 small guard sensilla ( Fig. 27 ). Eyes 8+8, largest lenses ‘A’ to ‘F’, smallest ‘G’ and ‘H’, with 3 interocular chaetae ( p as mac, s and t as mes) ( Figs 28–29 ). Head dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 29 , with antennal ( An ) series with 5 ( An1a–3 ); anterior ( A ) series with 4 ( A0 , A2–3 and A5 ); medial ( M ) series with 1 – 2 ( M2 and M4 , M4 as mes in some specimens); sutural ( S ) series with 4 ( S2–5 ); post-sutural ( Ps ) series with 0 – 2 ( Ps3 , Ps5 , both as mes in some specimens); Pi2? mac/mes present; post-occipital anterior ( Pa ) series with 2 – 3 ( Pa1 , Pa3 , Pa5 , Pa1 as mes in some specimens); post-occipital medial ( Pm ) series with 1 – 2 ( Pm1 and Pm3 , Pm1 as mes in some specimens); and post-occipital posterior ( Pp ) series with 3 – 4 ( Pp1 , Pp3–Pp5 , Pp1 as mes in some specimens) mac; Pp1e , Pe3 and at least 1 more postero-external mac also present. Labrum as in Fig. 30 with 4 prelabral ciliate chaetae ( pl1–2 ) and with 5 ( p0–2 ), 5 ( m0–2 ), 4 ( a1–2 ) smooth chaetae, p0–1 longer than other labral chaetae; labral papillae with multiple projections (about 4–7 projections each). Maxillary palp with 1 apical appendage and 1 subapical chaeta, subequal and smooth; sublobal plate with 3 chaetae-like internal appendages ( Fig. 31 ). Labium as in Fig. 32 with 5 main papillae ( A–E ) with respectively 0 , 5 , 0 , 4 , 4 guard chaetae; lateral process ( l.p. ) thin and apically rounded not reaching papilla E apex; papilla H with 2 guard chaetae (not represented); labial palp with 5 smooth proximal chaetae. Labial basomedian and basolateral fields with a1–5 as smooth chaetae, M , E , L1–2 as ciliate chaetae; R absent ( Fig. 32 ). Post-labial region only with ciliate chaetae, ventral groove with 5 – 6 marginal chaetae, posterior chaeta longer than anterior ones (not represented). FIGURE 25. Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. : habitus of a specimen fixed in ethanol (lateral view). Trunk dorsal chaetotaxy ( Figs 33 – 39 ). Th. II to Abd V dorsal sens and ms formulae as 22/122+3 and 10/10100 respectively. Trunk dorsal mac reduced, lacking most secondary multiplets and part of primary chaetae. Th. II ( Fig. 33 ), excluding anterior collar, with 1 anterior ( a5 ), 0 – 1 medial ( m4 present or absent) and 3 – 4 posterior ( p1 , p4–6 ; p1 present, absent or mes) mac; m1–2 , m5 absent. Th. III ( Fig. 34 ) with 3 – 4 anterior ( a2 , a4–6 ; a2 present or absent), 0 – 1 medial ( m7 mac or mes) and 2 – 4 posterior ( p1 , p3 , p6–6p , p6p mac or mes, p1 present or absent) mac. Abd. I ( Fig. 35 ) with 2 – 3 medial ( m4–6 , m5 mac or mes) and one posterior ( p6 ) mac. Abd. II ( Fig. 36 ) with 2 bothriotricha ( m2 and a5 ), 1 central ( m3 ) and 1 lateral ( m5 ) mac. Abd. III ( Fig. 37 ) with 3 bothriotricha ( m2 , a5 and m5 ), 1 central ( m3 ) and 3 lateral ( pm6 , p6 and p7 ) mac. Abd. IV ( Fig. 38 ) with 2 bothriotricha ( T2 , T4 ), 3 – 4 central ( B4 , B6 , C4 and T7 , C4 as mac or mes) and 7 lateral ( D3 , E3 , Ee3 , F1–3 ) mac; at least 11 sensilla present (possibly many more), ps and as present; 6+6 or 7+7 centro-posterior mes. Abd. V ( Fig. 39 ) with 0 – 1 anterior ( a5 , mac or mes), 2 – 3 medial ( m2–3 , m5 ; m3 present, absent or mes) and 5 posterior ( p1 , p3–5 and ap6 ) mac. Legs ( Figs 40–41 ). Trochanteral organ with 9 – 12 spine-like smooth chaetae ( Fig. 41 shows 11 chaetae). Tibiotarsus III with apparently smooth tenent-hair longer than unguis, smooth chaeta opposite to tenent-hair present ( Fig. 40 ). Empodial complex with anterior and posterior pretarsal chaetae; unguis with 4 inner teeth (one proximal pair larger than the unpaired medial and distal teeth) and 3 external teeth (one lateral pair plus one small dorsal); unguiculus lanceolate with posterior edge with up to 3 very small teeth ( Fig. 40 ). Abdominal appendages ( Figs 42 – 45 ). Ventral tube anterior face with 3 anterior mac plus 9 – 11 mes ( Fig. 42 ); posterior side with 3 – 4 smooth chaetae ( Fig. 43 ); lateral flap unclear. Distal ventral face of manubrium with 3+3 to 5+5 apical chaetae. Manubrial plate (dorsal face) with 2 pseudopores and 3 – 4 ciliate chaetae ( Fig. 44 ). Dens normally crenulate, proximally with 2–3 clubbed chaetae on dorsal face. Mucro teeth subequal; mucronal spine surpassing the apex of proximal tooth ( Fig. 45 ). Etymology. Barbatus means “beard” in Latin. The new species was named after its type locality, nearby Pico do Barbado (in English, “peak of the bearded man”). Habitat. Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. was found in Chapada Diamantina National Park, in the southern region of Caatinga phytogeographic domain from rocky and sandy soil surrounded by forested areas. The climate of this area is “Aw” according to the Köppen-Geiger system—equatorial climate with dry desert-like summer ( Kottek et al. 2006 ). The specimens were collected during the raining season. Remarks. The most similar species to E. barbata sp. nov. is E. linda Soto-Adames, 2002 . They share a similar colour pattern with lateral stripes and Th. III almost entirely dark, a similar labial and postlabial chaetotaxy, trochanteral organ and empodial complex morphology plus an overall reduced dorsal macrochaetotaxy, lacking M1 and M3 mac on head and with several reductions on trunk. However, the new species can be separated from E. linda specially in: l.p. of labial papilla E short, not reaching the apex of the papilla (longer and surpassing the apex in E. linda ); An series on dorsal head with 5 mac ( 4 in E. linda ); Th. II with 1–2 central p mac ( 3 in E. linda ); Abd. IV with 3 – 4 central mac ( 2 in E. linda ); and manubrial plate with 2 pseudopores ( 1 in E. linda ). FIGURES 26–29. Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. head: 26 , left Ant. IV, dorsal view; 27 , apical Ant. III, ventro-lateral view (right side); 28 , left eyepatch; 29 , dorsal head chaetotaxy. FIGURES 30–32. Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. head: 30 , labral chaetotaxy; 31 , right maxillary palp and sublobal plate; 32 , labium (right side). FIGURES 33–36. Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. trunk dorsal chaetotaxy (left side): 33 , Th. II; 34 , Th. III; 35 , Abd. I; 36 , Abd. II. FIGURES 37–39. Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. trunk dorsal chaetotaxy (left side): 37 , Abd. III; 38 , Abd. IV; 39 , Abd. V. FIGURES 40–45. Entomobrya barbata sp. nov. trunk appendages: 40 , Empodial complex of leg. III; 41 , trochanteral organ; 42 , ventral tube anterior face; 43 , ventral tube posterior face; 44 , manubrial plate (dorsal side); 45 , distal dens and mucro. The color pattern with sole lateral stripes of pigment seen in E. barbata sp. nov. partially resembles E. ligata Folsom, 1924 , E. multifasciata ( Tullberg, 1871 ) , E. unifasciata Katz & Soto-Adames, 2015 in Katz et al. (2015) , E. nivalis , E. atrocincta and somehow the Brazilian E. uambae . The new species can be readily separated from the first five taxa due to its remarkably reduced dorsal chaetotaxy, lacking M1 and M3 mac on head, with reduced p series in Th. II, reduced a and p series on Th. III, absence of a5 mac on Abd. I, presence of only one central mac on Abd. II ( m3 ) and the complete absence of A series on Abd. IV (the opposite in the other species, see Katz & Soto-Adames, 2015 ). Compared to E. uambae , which dorsal chaetotaxy and labral morphology are unknown so far, E. barbata sp. nov. can be distinguished due to more marked lateral stripes of pigment on trunk (apparently reduced to almost not existent in E. uambae ), antennae clearly shorter than trunk (longer in E. uambae ) and dens normally crenulate (with few crenulations and almost rigid in E. uambae ). The reduced chaetotaxy of E. barbata sp. nov. resembles partially E. assuta Folsom, 1924 sensu Katz & Soto- Adames, 2015 and E. longiseta Soto-Adames, 2002 . The new species can be separated from them in color pattern (lacking lateral stripes in E. assuta and uniformly pigmented in E. longiseta ), absence of M1 and M3 mac on head (both present in E. assuta and E. longiseta ), absence of m3e mac on Abd. II (present in E. assuta ), absence of a2 mac on Abd. III (present in E. assuta ), and on Abd. IV absence of A6 and C1 and presence of T7 mac ( A6 and C1 present in E. assuta , T7 apparently as mes in E. longiseta ). The new species also differs from E. assuta in trochanteral organ with 9 – 12 chaetae (up to 23 in E. assuta ) and from E. longiseta in manubrial plate with 3 – 4 chaetae and 2 pseudopores (2 chaetae and 1 pseudopore in E. longiseta ). More comparisons among the cited species are presented in Table 1 .