3598 Author Anker, Arthur Author Pachelle, Paulo P. G. Author Grave, Sammy De Author Hultgren, Kristin M. text Zootaxa 2012 2012-12-24 3598 1 1 96 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3598.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3598.1.1 1175­5334 5694454 74562879-7AB4-42D7-B894-09BFA4885324 Synalpheus pandionis Coutière, 1909 ( Fig. 41 ) Synalpheus pandionis Coutière 1909: 67 , fig. 39; (?) Zimmer 1913: 385 , figs C–E; (?) Schmitt 1924a: 81 ; (?) Schmitt, 1924b: 68; (?) Schmitt 1935: 149 ; Chace 1972: 102 (partim); (?) Pequegnat & Ray 1974: 248 , figs 53e, 54; (?) Rodríguez 1980: 161; (?) Gore 1981: 151 ; Lemaitre 1984: 426 ; Dardeau 1984: 78 , figs 40–43 (partim); Abele & Kim 1986: 202 , 222–223, figs d, e; (?) Rodríguez 1986: 207 ; (?) Martínez-Iglesias et al. 1996: 36 ; (?) Hernández Aguilera et al. 1996: 38 ; McClure 2005: 184, figs 149-152; Macdonald et al. 2009: 33 , pls. 4C, D, 5A (partim, see Hultgren & Duffy 2010 ); Hultgren et al. 2010: 225; Hultgren et al. 2011: 12. Zuzalpheus pandionis Ríos & Duffy 2007: 52 , figs 24, 25, pl. 4. Synalpheus pandionis pandionis Chace 1956: 149 . Synalpheus pandionis extentus Coutière 1909: 69 , fig. 40; Chace 1956: 149 ; Christoffersen 1979: 344 . Not Synalpheus cf. pandionis Almeida et al. 2007: 15 , figs 3, 4 (= S. ul ; see Almeida et al. 2012 ). Synalpheus grampusi Coutière 1909: 62 , fig. 36. Synalpheus longicarpus Christoffersen 1979: 344 , figs 23–27 (partim) [not S. longicarpus ( Herrick, 1891 ) ]. Material examined . Honduras : 1 male , 1 ov. female, OUMNH . ZC .2007-20-104, Utila, Jack O'Neill Cove, 16º04.574'N 86º56.403'W , in orange sponge (possibly Lissodendoryx sp. ), 15 m , coll. A. Anker & S. De Grave , 04.07.2007 [fcn H146*]. Brazil : 1 male , UFC 439 , Ceará , locality not specified (“litoral do estado do Ceará ”), 35–40 m , coll. “Barco SWJ” , 24.11.1972 . Description . For full description and illustrations see Coutière (1909) , Dardeau (1984) , and Ríos & Duffy (2007) . Size range . Specimens from Honduras : male, 5.0 mm cl, female, 5.9 mm cl; male from Ceará ( Brazil ), 4.0 mm cl; specimens from Carrie Bow Cay ranged 4.3–6.6 mm cl for males and 6.0– 6.8 mm cl for females ( Ríos & Duffy 2007 ). Colour in life . Semitransparent or pale reddish-orange, uniformly speckled with small red chromatophores; major chela fingers darker brown-orange; ovaries or freshly laid eggs reddish ( Fig. 41 ); see also colour photograph in Ríos & Duffy (2007 : pl. 4). Type locality . St. Thomas , US Virgin Islands . Distribution . Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico [West Flower Garden Bank, Isla de Lobos]; Florida [Key Largo, Tortugas , Bright Bank, Florida Middle Ground]; Bahamas [Cay Sal Bank]; Caribbean Sea: Cuba (Batabanó Gulf], Honduras [Utila], Panama [ Bocas del Toro ], Puerto Rico , US Virgin Islands [ St Thomas , St. John], British Virgin Islands [ Tortola , Guana, Virgin Gorda ], Venezuela [Los Roques Achipelago], Curaçao , Barbados ; Brazil : Ceará ( Coutière 1909 ; Zimmer 1913 ; Schmitt 1935 ; Chace 1972 ; Dardeau 1984 ; Rodríguez 1986 ; Ríos & Duffy 2007 ; present study; K. Hultgren, pers. obs.; see map in Fig. 52 ); some of these records may refer to closely related species (see below). Ecology . Shallow reef and adjacent rubble and sand flats with abundance of sponges; typical depth range in the Caribbean-Florida area: 1–15 m , possibly deeper in Brazil : 35–40 m ; obligate symbiont of demosponges, e.g., Lissodendoryx cf. strongylata , L. colombiensis , Agelas clathrodes , Hyattella intestinalis and Hymeniacidon amphilecta ( Ríos & Duffy 2007 ) ; typically in heterosexual pairs. FIGURE 41. Synalpheus pandionis Coutière, 1909 : a, male from Utila, Honduras (OUMNH.ZC.2007-20-0104), with host sponge, Lissodendoryx sp ; a, b, female (top) and male (bottom) from the same locality (OUMNH.ZC.2007-20-0104). Photographs by A. Anker. Remarks . Many records of S. pandionis prior to Ríos & Duffy’s (2007) revision of the S. longicarpus species complex possibly refer to the closely related S. ul , S. yano and S. dardeaui . Synalpheus pandionis differs from these species by the presence of a relatively small but conspicuous bump on the mesial side (not lateral side, error in Ríos & Duffy 2007 ) of the major chela pollex, best visible in ventral view of the major chela (see Ríos & Duffy 2007 : fig. 24F). Ríos & Duffy (2007) discussed the synonymy of S. grampusi Coutière, 1909 and S. pandionis extentus Coutière, 1909 with S. pandionis , which is followed herein. The single specimen from Ceará represents the first record of S. pandionis for Brazil , considerably extending the previously known range of this species, from Florida, Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea ( Ríos & Duffy 2007 ) to northeastern Brazil (see map in Fig. 52 ). The Brazilian specimen corresponds closely to S. pandionis as illustrated by Coutière (1909) , Dardeau (1984) , and Ríos & Duffy (2007) , including the presence of the diagnostic mesial protuberance on the major chela.