Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae) Author Martínez, Leonel Author Brescovit, Antonio D. 0000-0002-1511-5324 antonio.brescovit@butantan.gov.br Author Quijano, Luis G. 0000-0001-5434-8588 luis.quijano@posgrado.ecologia.edu.mx text Zootaxa 2022 2022-05-02 5130 1 1 154 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5130.1.1 journal article 54143 10.11646/zootaxa.5130.1.1 cb1cf563-e6fb-49fe-a5c9-bacb69eb2576 1175-5326 6520717 ABF61117-DD64-4A32-BD61-20E577F80C3D Tenedos piedecuesta sp. n. Figs 90–92 ; 107 . Type material. Holotype : COLOMBIA . Santander : Santa Bárbara , Vereda Salinas , Finca San Francisco , Pristine andean forest fragment, Manual , 2429m [ 6°59′54.0′′N , 72°52′55.5′′W ], M. Castro , J. Neita , J. Park & E. Torres leg., 9-11.IX.2018 , 1 ♂ (IAvH-I-603) . Paratypes : COLOMBIA . Santander : Piedecuesta , El Rasgón , Secondary forest fragment, Pitfall trap , 2150m [ 7°3′N , 72°57′W ], I. Quintero & E. González leg., 21-23.IX.2004 , 1 ♂ (IAvH-I-580), 1 ♀ (IAvH-I-649), 2 ♀ (IAvH-I-650) . Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality of the paratype . Diagnosis. Males of Tenedos piedecuesta sp. n. resemble T. dankittipakuli sp. n. , T. griswoldi sp. n. , T. tama sp. n. , and T. humboldti sp. n. by similar shape of median apophysis (MA); triangular projection at medial side of retrolateral process of cymbium (RPC); basal retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) ( Figs 77A–D ; 78A–B ; 80A–D ; 82A–D ; 83A–B ; 85A–D ; 86A–B ; 88A–D ; 89A–B ; 91A–D ; 92A–B ), but are distinguished by rounded sclerotized process at anterior side of conductor (C); very thin appendix of conductor (ApC); wider, laminar, apically bifid anterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis (aRTA); wider basal retrolateral tibial apophysis (bRTA), bifid in tip lateral borders ( Figs 91A–D ; 92A–B ). Females are similar those of dankittipakuli sp. n. , T. tama sp. n. , and T. humboldti sp. n. , by very wide at base seminal receptacles (SR), slightly curved towards median septum ( Figs 77E–F ; 78C–D ; 80E–F ; 85E–F ; 86C–D ; 88E–F ; 89C–D ; 91E–F ; 92C–D ), but are characterized by large median field plate (MFP) with squared basal edge; longer than wide, basally divided lateral borders (LB); large spermathecae (S) ( Figs 91A–D ; 92A–B ). Description. Male ( Holotype , IAvH-I-603). Coloration ( Fig. 90A–B ): carapace uniformly dark brown. Chelicerae with paturon brown, fangs brown-reddish. Endites dark brown, white on anterior region. Labium and sternum dark brown. Legs: Coxae I–IV light yellow. Femora I–IV light brown from basal to medial region, dark brown the rest of their extension. Patellae I–IV dark brown. Tibia I light yellow, dark brown on basal and distal sides, II–IV dark brown. Metatarsi-tarsi brown. Abdomen: dorsally dark gray with nine white guanine spots organized as follows: two large and oval spots, anteriorly positioned; two lateral and rounded spots larger than previous one, medially positioned; four small and rounded spots, in posteromedial position; a wide and transversal band, posteriorly positioned. Laterally dark gray three obliques stripes, posteriorly positioned. Ventrally dark gray covered by two large longitudinal spots. Spinnerets brown. Measurements: total length 5.95, carapace length 3.28, width 2.23, height 1.33. Clypeus height 0.55. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.12, PME 0.10, PLE 0.13; AME–AME 0.24, AME–ALE 0.23, AME–PME 0.27, PME–PME 0.26, PME–PLE 0.43, ALE–PLE 0.31. Chelicerae 0.62 length. Sternum length 1.15, width 1.07. Legs: I—femur 1.60/ patella 0.72/ tibia 2.04/ metatarsus 1.86/ tarsus 1.21/ total 7.43; II—1.72/ 0.78/ 1.53/ 1.51/ 0.63/ 6.17; III—1.71/ 0.84/ 1.30/ 1.45/ 0.62/ 5.92; IV—2.25/ 0.89/ 1.87/ 2.24/ 1.08/ 8.33. Abdomen length 2.28. Legs spines pattern (only the differences from the general pattern): II—tibia v1r-1r-2. Palp: retrolateral process of cymbium (RPC) long, wide, widening slightly towards base; tegulum (T) large, rounded, almost as long as wide, retrolateral excavation poorly accentuated; subtegulum (St) longer than wide; conductor (C) developed, wide with sclerotized process on distal side; appendix (ApC) long, very thin; embolus (E) long laminar at base, filiform towards apex; base of embolus (EB) with small projections, approximately two times as long as basal tegular membrane; basal tegular membrane (BTM) originated basally on tegulum, very wide, ending as a very short, apically rounded; spermatic ducts (SD) S-shaped with anterior fold more open, wider than posterior; ventral tibial apophysis (VTA) very small, tubular, strongly sclerotized; median apophysis (MA) large, bifid with squared anterior branch (aMA) with folded edges, posterior branch (pMA) very short, thin; retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) bifid shorter than palpal tibia with posterior branch (pRTA) wider than anterior branch (aRTA) ( Figs 91A–D ; 92A–B ). FIGURE 90. Tenedos piedecuesta sp. n. A–B. Male habitus (IAvH-I-603): A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C–D. Female habitus ( IAvH-I-649 ): C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. Scale bar: A–D: 2mm FIGURE 91. Tenedos piedecuesta sp. n. A–D. Male palp (IAvH-I-603): A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral view. C. Ventral view. D. Retrolateral view. E–F. Female epigyne (IAvH-I-649): E. Ventral view (left lateral border broken). F. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B: 300µm; C–D: 500µm; E–F: 200µm. FIGURE 92. Tenedos piedecuesta sp. n. A–B. Male palp (IAvH-I-603): A. Ventral view (arrow indicates the sclerotized process). B. Retrolateral view (arrow indicates the aRTA). C–D. Female epigyne (IAvH-I-649): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B: 200µm; C–D: 500µm. Abbreviations: ApC, appendix of the conductor; aRTA, anterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis; bRTA, basal retrolateral tibial apophysis; C, conductor; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; pMA, posterior branch of the median apophysis; MFP, median field plate; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; SR, seminal receptacles; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Female ( Paratype , IAvH-I-649). Coloration and abdominal pattern of spots as male, except legs uniformly brown ( Fig. 90C–D ). Measurements: total length 8.01, carapace length 3.47, width 2.44, height 1.59. Clypeus height 0.66. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.11, ALE 0.13, PME 0.16, PLE 0.15; AME–AME 0.23, AME–ALE 0.27, AME–PME 0.38, PME–PME 0.32, PME–PLE 0.54, ALE–PLE 0.39. Chelicerae 1.12 length. Sternum length 1.32, width 1.27. Legs: I—femur 1.85/ patella 0.74/ tibia 1.77/ metatarsus 1.56/ tarsus 1.16/ total 7.08; II—1.67/ 0.81/ 1.39/ 1.05/ 0.73/ 5.65; III—1.58/ 0.73/ 1.02/ 1.36/ 0.79/ 5.48; IV—1.82/ 0.81/ 1.50/ 2.17/ 1.06/ 7.36. Abdomen length 4.27. Legs spines pattern (only the differences from the general pattern): I—tibia v2-1r-1p, metatarsus v1r-0-2; II—tibia v1r-1r-2, metatarsus v1r-0-2. Epigyne: lateral borders (LB) short, not projected, curving towards posterior region of epigyne, forming a posterior, small atrium (A), apically bifid; median field plate (MFP) very small, longer than wide; copulatory ducts (CD) short, wide, almost undistinguished from spermathecae; seminal receptacles (SR) long, very wide at base, distally thin, lightly curved towards median septum; spermathecae (S) large, irregulars, posteriorly positioned; fertilization ducts (FD) almost as long as spermathecae length ( Figs 91A–D ; 92A–B ). Variation. Males (n=2): total length: 5.95–7.32; carapace length: 3.28–3.53; femur I length: 1.09–1.60. Females (n=3): total length: 6.58–8.01; carapace length: 3.15–3.47; femur I length: 1.21–1.85. Distribution. Known from Santander department ( Fig. 107 ). Natural history. The specimens were collected with Winkler extractor traps. We observed that this species was being attacked by entomopathogenic fungus, mainly the females ( Fig. 10B ).