Taxonomy and bioacoustics of little-known Grylloidea crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Mindanao, Philippines Author Tan, Ming Kai Block 207 A, Woodleigh Link, Singapore 361207, Republic of Singapore Author Salvador, Jewel Anne G. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Sabang, Aira Mae M. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Bahoy, Daphne Cayle M. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Nuñeza, Olga Macas Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Robillard, Tony Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. text Zootaxa 2023 2023-08-02 5323 3 301 348 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5323.3.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.3.1 1175-5326 8209415 C022FD72-9C54-4A89-A880-3D99F52C8499 Varitrella ( Cantotrella ) bakeri ( Chopard, 1925 ) ( Figs 13–16 ) Madasumma bakeri Chopard, 1925: 322 Varitrella bakeri — Gorochov, 2003: 279 (new combination and drawings of genitalia, but holotype not examined); Gorochov, 2006: 33 (placed in subgenus Cantotrella ) FIGURE 14. Varitrella ( Cantotrella ) bakeri ♁ genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views. Scale bar: 1 mm. FIGURE 15. Varitrella ( Cantotrella ) bakeri ♁ holotype genitalia in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views. Scale bar: 1 mm. Specimen examined. Holotype : PHILIPPINES • ♁; Mindanao, Surigao; coll. C.F. Baker ; MNHN-EO-ENSIF6696 New specimens examined. PHILIPPINES •1♁; Mindanao , Misamis Oriental , Gingoog City , Barangay Lunotan , foot of Mt Balatukan ; N8.70485 , E125.00648 , 1193.0±5.3 m.a.s.l.; 15 February 2023 , 09h26; on a shrub; coll. J. Lapay ; MIN.23.44 ( ZRC ) ( Figs 13 , 14 ) • 1♁; Mindanao, Misamis Oriental , Gingoog City, Barangay Kalagunoy, foot of Mt Balatukan ; N8.73898 , E125.03278 , 1050 m.a.s.l.; 29 April 2023 , 20h00; open area outside the mossy forest, on a fern foliage; coll. A.M. Sabang & D.C.M. Bahoy ; specimen damaged but genitalia preserved ( MSUIIT ) Remarks. The male specimens which we collected from Mt Balatukan resemble the holotype of V. bakeri (MNHN-EO-ENSIF6696) and V. bakeri sensu Gorochov (2003) from Mindanao Island in the ectophallic fold [rachis (= guiding rod)] in profile view, which is characteristic of the species and differentiate it from a similar-looking congener, i.e., Varitrella ( Cantotrella ) saussurei (Stål, 1877) from northern Philippines (i.e., Babuyan Islands) ( Figs 14 , 15 ). The male specimens from Mt Balatukan also have identical subgenital plate as the male examined by Gorochov (2003) [ V. bakeri sensu Gorochov (2003) ]. The male FWs of our specimens nonetheless differs from the holotype by the presence of a distinct white spot (vaguely present in the holotype ). Ecology. Unknown. Type locality. PHILIPPINES , Mindanao Island , Surigao City Distribution. PHILIPPINES (Mindanao Island: Surigao City in Surigao del Norte , Gingoog City in Misamis Oriental ) Calling song (1J, 21.1±0.5°C) ( Fig. 16 ). The calling song consists of an echeme made up of 18±1 syllables (13–20 syllables) and has an average duration of 3.48±0.27 s (2.53–4.04 s). Each syllable has an average duration of 33.11±1.50 ms (29.30–36.80 ms). The average interval between consecutive syllables is 172.6±4.1 ms (164.2–183.7 ms). The frequency spectrum is pure-tonal and forms a harmonic, with the energy peaking at the fundamental frequency. The dominant frequency is 4.99±0.11 kHz (4.78–5.16 kHz).