The tribe Dysoniini part VI: Phylogeny, biogeography and evolutionary trends of the lichen katydid genera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). Eleventh contribution to the suprageneric organization of Neotropical phaneropterines
Author
Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.
0000-0001-5646-0602
ojccorthoptera@gmail.com
Author
Braun, Holger
0000-0002-1069-8794
braun@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar
Author
García, Alexander García
0000-0001-5646-0602
ojccorthoptera@gmail.com
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-07-19
5166
1
1
93
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5166.1.1
journal article
102846
10.11646/zootaxa.5166.1.1
7e35a6a2-7ddc-453b-99ec-20142ba284f2
1175-5326
6876209
17952A48-902C-47A0-A344-8B07490F3B28
Subtribe
Dysoniina
Rehn, 1950
n. stat.
Diagnosis.
Small to medium-sized (
25–55 mm
), coloration variable, most commonly white with black spots (
Quiva
,
Lichenomorphus
,
Dysonia
,
Lichenodentix
,
and
Dissonulichen
) or greenish brown with some greenish white spots (
Paraphidnia
,
Anaphidna
,
Yungasacris
, and
Alexanderellus
). Head longer than wide in frontal view (except
Dissonulichen
and
Quiva
), vertex of variable development and shape (according to genus). Antennae mainly nodose, few genera without antennal modifications (basal genera like
Quiva
,
Yungasacris
and
Dissonulichen
). Pronotum mostly smooth and without distinct modifications, except for
Anaphidna
with a rugose pronotum, and several species which have differently developed tubercles or raised lateral margins of the metazona (
Lichenomorphus
), sometimes with denticulations (
Lichenodentix
). Tegmina with undulate shape (except for the above-mentioned three most basal genera, as well as
Paraphidnia
and
Anaphidna
). Leg spines flattened, triangular or lamellar, some genera with a large and broad spine on the hind femur (
Quiva
has very small spines); genicular lobes with a moderately developed spine. Male cerci variable in shape, male subgenital plate usually unmodified (except
Lichenomorphus
). Ovipositor as long as pronotum, valves moderately broadened and delicately serrulate, curving upward in first basal third; cerci of females short and robust.
Type
genus.
Dysonia
White, 1862
.
Distribution.
From northeastern
Mexico
to northern
Argentina
, with major diversification in South America (
Cadena-Castañeda 2011b
).
Comments.
Most of the taxa of this subtribe show lichenomorphic camouflage, specialized on foliose lichens such as
Lobariaceae
. Others such as
Anaphidna
and
Paraphidnia
can also mimic bryophytes.
Quiva
is the only genus of the tribe that mimics wasps of the family
Ichneumonidae
.