Four new species of Estheria Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) from China and Nepal, with a review of the East Palearctic and Oriental species Author Zhang, Chun-Tian Author Shima, Hiroshi Author Liang, Hou-Can Author Li, He-Nan text Zootaxa 2019 2019-05-08 4603 1 1 38 journal article 26817 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.1.1 8c3d903d-6d82-45d1-a1c0-b29f5b97d0c1 1175-5326 2841928 8A6746BE-616B-4FEC-AA37-E274F8508255 Estheria tibetensis Zhang & Shima , sp. nov. ( Figs 3 , 15 , 27 , 39 , 55 , 67 , 76, 80 , 94 , 109 ) Diagnosis. Body covered with grayish-yellow pruinosity; male frons about as wide as anterior ocellus, face with a small nipple-like median protrusion on lower face, prementum 5–6 times as long as wide, palpus dark brown; 2–3 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae; lower calypter with long fringe on outer margin; male femora dark brown, female femora reddish-yellow except apex black ventrally; tibiae of both sexes dark except median portion reddish-yellow or brown. Description. Body length: male 9.0– 9.1 mm , female 7.9–8.4 mm . Male. Head covered with gray pruinosity; frontal vitta dark brown; lunule reddish-brown. Antenna and palpus dark brown; prementum gleaming black. Frons at narrowest point about as wide as anterior ocellus, less than 1/15 of head width; frontal vitta linear in middle portion; fronto-orbital plate with fine black hairs and parafacialia bare; parafacialia about twice as wide as first flagellomere; facial carina distinct, with a small nipple-like median protrusion on lower face; genal height 0.45–0.55 of eye height; lower margin of face slightly protruding forward. Inner and outer vertical setae hair-like; 8–10 inclinate frontal setae in anterior 2/3 of frons; vibrissa inserted above lower margin of face; upper occiput with 1–2 rows of black setulae below postocular setae or some irregular black hairs. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about length of antenna; 1 st flagellomere about 1.2 times as long as pedicel; arista including plumosity more than twice as wide as first flagellomere; palpus about as long as antenna; prementum 5–6 times as long as wide, about 3/5 of eye height. Thorax black, covered with grayish-yellow pruinosity; dorsum with 4 longitudinal black vittae extending back to anterior 2/5 of postsutural scutum; scutellum dark brown, covered with grayish-yellow pruinosity; anterior and posterior spiracles dark brown. Prosternum and proepisternum bare; 3 postpronotal setae nearly arranged in a triangle; 1–2 presutural and 2 postsutural acrostichal setae; 2–3 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae; 2 postsutural intra-alar setae, anterior one smaller; 2 supra-alar setae; 3 katepisternal setae. Wing brownish, tegula and basicosta dark brown; halter yellow; calypters brownish yellow. Costal spine absent or small, less than 1/2 length of crossvein r-m; 2nd costal sector bare or with setulae ventrally; relative lengths of 2nd, 3rd and 4th costal sectors approximately 1:2.1:1; vein M from dM-Cu crossvein to bend about 1.1 times as long as distance between bend and wing margin; veins R 4+5 and M merged or cell r 4+5 narrowly opened at end. Lower calypter large and round with long fringe on outer margin. Legs dark brown, sometimes median part of tibia reddish-brown; pulvilli yellowish. Fore tibia with a row of fine anterodorsal setae on basal 2/3 and 2 median posterior setae; fore claws and pulvilli slightly longer than 5th tarsomere; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal setae, upper one short, 2–3 posterior setae, and 1 ventral seta (sometimes absent); hind tibia with 4–5 anterodorsal, 4–5 posterodorsal and 3–4 ventral setae, 1 apical anteroventral and 2 preapical dorsal setae. Abdomen long-ovate, black and densely covered with grayish-yellow pruinosity; tergite 3 with a pair of small dark brown markings or a large dark brown marking; tergite 4 sometimes with markings. Syntergite 1+2 medially excavated to posterior margin, with a pair of lateral marginal setae, without median marginal setae; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal setae, 1–2 lateral marginal setae and a pair of discal setae; tergites 4 and 5 each with a row of marginal setae, tergite 4 with 1–2 pairs of discal setae, tergite 5 with many irregular discal setae. Terminalia ( Figs 3 , 15 , 27 , 39 ). Sternite 5 wide, quadrangular, posterior lobe wide, bluntly rounded apically, with deep and narrow V-shaped median cleft. Cerci separated, apical half narrow and pointed; surstylus wide and bluntly rounded at apex; pregonite short; postgonite slightly longer than or equal to basiphallus; distiphallus long, plate-like, sclerotized basal part about 0.4 times as long as membranous apical part; ejaculatory apodeme long, about 0.5 times length of aedeagal apodeme. Female. As male, except as follows. Body covered with yellowish to golden-yellow pruinosity. Frons wider than eye; genal height greater than eye height; 6 inclinate frontal setae; 2 strong proclinate orbital setae and 1 lateroclinate prevertical seta; inner vertical seta about twice as long as outer vertical seta or eye height. Femora reddish-yellow except apex black ventrally, tibiae dark except median portion reddish-yellow; fore claws and pulvilli shorter than 5th tarsomere; mid tibia with 2–3 anterodorsal, 1 ventral and 2 posterior setae; hind tibia with 4 anterodorsal, 3 posterodorsal and 2 ventral setae. Abdomen ovate, tergites 3 to 5 each with a pair of discal setae. Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ : China : Sichuan prov. , Daocheng county [in Chinese] / Geka-Echushan [in Chinese] / 2260-4100m / 2006.7.14 / L.-Y. Feng coll. [in Chinese] [printed white label] // SYNU08757 [printed white label] // Holotype [printed red label] // Estheria ♂ / tibetensis / sp. nov. [handwritten] / C.-T. Zhang det. [in Chinese], 2015 / Zhang det., 2015 [printed] [white label] ( SYNU ) . PARATYPES . China , Sichuan : 1 ♂ , Jiuzhaigou , 3400 m , 31.VII.1993 , H. Shima leg. ( BLKU ) ; 1 ♂ , same data as holotype except J.-Y. Liu leg. ( SYNU ) . Xizang (= Tibet ): 1 ♂ , Médog county , Hanmi , 2150–3200 m , 9.VIII.2003 , M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 5 ♀♀ , Linzhi , Médog , 1100–2500 m , 8–10.VIII.2013 , Q. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 1 ♂ , 10 ♀♀ , Linzi county , Lulang , 3300–3400 m , 6–7.VIII.2013 , 11.VIII.2013 , C.-T. Zhang , X.-Y. Li & P. Hou leg. ( SYNU ) ; 1 ♀ , Linzi , Bayi Town , 3000 m , 12.VIII.2013 , Q. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 90 ♂♂ , 48 ♀♀ , Milin county , Nanyigou , 2950–3100 m , 16.VIII.2013 , C.-T. Zhang & X.-Y. Li leg. ( SYNU ) ; 7 ♀♀ , Linzhi , Gongbujiangda county , 3200 m , 15–17.VIII.2013 , Q. Wang & P. Hou leg. ( SYNU ) ; 3 ♂♂ , Rikaze , Yadong county , 2800–3000 m , 19–21.VII.2014 , Q. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) . Yunnan : 45 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ , Deqen county , 3200–3800 m , 21–22.VIII.1996 , H. Shima leg. ( BLKU ) ; 5 ♂♂ , Deqin , Baimang Snow Mountains , 3800–4300 m , 5–7.VII.2006 , M.-F. Wang , L. Chang & B.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 8 ♂♂ , Lushui county , Pianma , Yakou , 3153 m , 8–11.VII.2009 , S.-C. Bai , S. Wang & W.-X. Dong leg. ( SYNU ) . Nepal : 1 ♂ , Solukhumbu Dist. , Surke to Chumoa , 2339–2715 m , 31.VII.1992 , H. Kurahashi leg. ( BLKU ) . Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of this species: Tibet (= Xizang , China ). Distribution. China ( Sichuan , Xizang , Yunnan ), Nepal . Remarks. This species is similar to E. magna (Baranov) in appearance, but can be distinguished by its smaller size and by having 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae, 2 supra-alar setae, and scutellum dark brown.