Genetic and morphological evidence for two species of Leucocarbo shag (Aves, Pelecaniformes, Phalacrocoracidae) from southern South Island of New Zealand
Author
Nicolas J. Rawlence
Author
R. Paul Scofield
Author
Hamish G. Spencer
Author
Chris Lalas
Author
Luke J. Easton
Author
Alan J. D. Tennyson
Author
Mark Adams
Author
Eric Pasquet
Author
Cody Fraser
Author
Jonathan M. Waters
Author
Martyn Kennedy
text
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2016
177
676
694
journal article
10.1111/zoj.12376
b49e437b-c2a1-4e2a-a683-84c637a0535b
270312
LEUCOCARBO CHALCONOTUS
OTAGO SHAG
GRACALUS CHALCONOTUS
G. R. GRAY, 1845
Diagnosis
. A species of
Leucocarbo
most closely related to
L. stewarti
and
L. onslowi
but distinguished from these species by the plumage characters and allometries outlined in
Table 1
.
Distribution
. Formerly the eastern South,
NZ
.
Leucocarbo chalconotus
bones have been recorded from Late Quaternary and archaeological deposits along the entire eastern coastline of South (e.g.,
Worthy, 1998a
;
Smith, 2011
). Now restricted to Otago from Lake Ki-Wainono to The Sisters (based on historical museum skins and modern specimens), with modern vagrants north to Banks Peninsula (see
Fig. 1
). Rare modern beach wrecks on Stewart (
Rawlence
et al
., 2015
).