An annotated checklist of the Pericopina (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini) Author Lamas, Gerardo text Zootaxa 2017 2017-12-12 4319 2 263 316 journal article 32131 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.2.2 894f733e-8e3f-45e0-aa9b-b5e70faae067 1175-5326 1051963 E33C6Ea4-36E1-4D59-9B68-B0B1A6297De8 Subtribe PERICOPINA Walker, 1856 Pericopidae Walker, 1856 : 1653 . 1 Aphisaonides Boisduval, 1870 : 84 (as Aphisonides). Notophysides Boisduval, 1870 : 86 (as Notophisides), 89. Dysschematidae Travassos & Travassos Filho, 1951 : 79. SEILERIA Dognin, 1923b : 9 . TS: Seileria eucyaniformis Dognin (by OD). eucyaniformis Dognin, 1923b : 9 —Colombia, [Meta], Villavicencio (1♂, 1♀ST—USNM).2 THYRGIS Walker, 1854 : 316 . TS: Phalaena militta Stoll (designated by Kirby 1892 : 400 ).2 angustifascia Hering, 1925a : 428 —Bolivia, [Santa Cruz], Bueyes, [18°S, 63°W] (HT♂ [by OD]—MNHU).3 basipunctata Hering, 1926 : 131 — Peru , [ Loreto ], Yurimaguas (HT ♀ [by OD]— MNHU . constrictifascia ( Dognin, 1919: 3 ) ( Eucyane phlegon c. )—Ecuador, [Loja], Loja (HT♀ [by monotypy]—USNM). flavonigra Dognin, 1910 : 15 — Peru , [ Puno ], Carabaya, Río Huacamayo , La Unión (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— USNM ).4 marginata ( Butler, 1875b: 174 ) ( Eucyane ( Calodesma ))—Unknown (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).5 meres ( Druce, 1911a: 288 ) ( Eucyane ) — Colombia , [ Risaralda ], Río Siató, Siató, 5200 feet [= 1586 m ] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH), comb. n . 6 militta ( Stoll, 1781: 159, pl. 370, fig. I ) ( Phalaena )— Surinam (ST ♀ ?—lost?), nomen dubium .2, 7 phlegon ( Druce, 1885b: 520, pl. 32, fig. 5 ) ( Eucyane )—Ecuador, [Pastaza], Sarayacu (ST♂♀—BMNH) phlegon ruscia ( Druce, 1895: 47 ) ( Eucyane r .)—Bolivia (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).8 tenuifascia Hering, 1930 : 515 , pl. 7, fig. 3—Colombia, [Cauca], Río [San Juan de] Micay (1♂, 3♀ST—MNHU).6, 9 tenuifascia daguana Hering, 1930 : 515 , pl. 7, fig. 4—Colombia, [Valle del Cauca], Río Dagua (HT♀ [by OD]—MNHU).3 CALODESMA Hübner , [1820]: 177. TS: Phalaena amica Stoll (by monotypy).2 Leucopsumis Hübner, [1820]: 177. TS: Phalaena collaris Drury (designated by Bryk 1931 : 13). Callidesma Agassiz, 1846 : 58 , 60, unjustified emendation. Pyrodesma Boisduval, 1870 : 85. TS: Phalaena amica Stoll (designated by Watson, Fletcher & Nye 1980 : 30). Junior objective synonym of Calodesma Hübner , [1820].10 Acribia Boisduval, 1870 : 89. Unavailable name (ICZN 1999: Art. 11.6). Acribia C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874 : pl. 103, fig. 14. TS: Acribia melanchroia C. Felder & R. Felder (by monotypy).11 Chamesthema C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874 : pl. 103, fig. 13. TS: Chamesthema dioptis C. Felder & R. Felder (by monotypy).11 Stenelopsis Butler, 1877b : 375, pl. 8, fig. 13. TS: Stenelopsis exposita Butler (by original designation). albiapex Hering, 1925a : 432 , pl. 60h, fig. [6]—[ Brazil ], Pernambuco ; Bahia (ST ♂ ♀ — MNHU ). amica ( Stoll, 1781: 158, pl. 370, fig. H ) ( Phalaena )—Surinam (HT♀ [by monotypy]—not found).12 amica occidentalis Hering, 1925a : 432 , pl. 60h, fig. [2]—Ecuador (HT♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU). apicalis Hering, 1925a : 432 ( Calodesma contracta a .)—[Brazil], Bahia (ST♂—BMNH [not examined]). approximata Hering, 1925a : 433 —[French Guiana], Cayenne (HT♂ [by monotypy]—MNHU).13 approximata niepelti Hering, 1928 : 269 —Colombia, [Valle del Cauca], Bella Vista (HT♂ [by original designation]—MNHU).14 chesalon ( Druce, 1885b: 520 ) ( Eucyane ) — Ecuador , [ Pastaza ], Sarayacu (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ). collaris (Drury, 1782: 27, [77] (index), pl. 21, fig. 2) ( Phalaena )—Brazil, [Rio de Janeiro] (HT♂ [by monotypy]— HUMG). contracta ( Walker, 1854: 317 ) ( Josia ( Thyrgis ))—"South America" (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).15 dilutana ( Druce, 1907: 300 ) ( Eucyane ) —[ Brazil ], " Amazons " (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).15 dioptis ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 13 ) ( Chamesthema )—[Brazil, fl(umen) Amazonas] (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).11, 16 eucyanoides Hering, 1925a : 433 , pl. 61a, fig. [5]—[ Peru , Loreto ], Pebas ; [ Brazil , Amazonas ], São Paulo de Olivença (ST ♂ ♀ — MNHU ) . exposita ( Butler, 1877b: 375, pl. 8, fig. 13 ) ( Stenelopsis )—[ Brazil ], Pará (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ). itaitubae Hering, 1925a : 432 ( Calodesma contracta i .)—[Brazil, Pará, Rio Tapajós], Itaituba (ST♀—MNHU).15 jordani Hering, 1925a : 432 — Paraguay , [ Paraguarí ], Sapucay [= Sapucai], [n(ear).] Villa Rica (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). kedar ( Druce, 1900: 509 ) ( Eucyane ) — Colombia , [ Magdalena ], Bonda , [ 150 feet (= 50 m )] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ). lacryma ( Dognin, 1919: 6 ) ( Thyrgis ) —French Guiana, Saint-Laurent du Maroni (HT♀ [by monotypy]—USNM), comb. n. 17 maculifrons (Walker, [1865]a: 157) ( Stenele )—[Honduras, El Paraíso, Las] Limas (HT♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH). melanchroïa [sic] ( Boisduval, 1870: 88 ) ( Cocastra )—Guatemala (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).18 melanchroia ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 14 ) ( Acribia )—[Mexico] (HT♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH), preoccupied ( Boisduval, 1870 ).11 plorator ( Kaye, 1923a: 991, pl. 1, fig. 3 ) ( Centronia )—Trinidad [and Tobago, Saint Patrick], Siparia (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).19 quadrimaculata Hering, 1925a : 433 , pl. 60h, fig. [7]— Bolivia , [ La Paz , " Corvico " (= Coroico ), ca. 2000 m ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— MNHU ). rubricincta ( Dognin, 1923b: 12 ) ( Centronia ) —Colombia, [Boyacá], Muzo (HT♀ [by monotypy]—USNM). tamara Hering, 1925a : 433 , pl. 61a, fig. [4]—[ Peru , Loreto ], Pebas; [ Brazil , Amazonas ], São Paulo de Olivença] ( 2♀ ST—MNHU). uraneides ( Butler, 1871b: 285 ) ( Esthema ) —[French Guiana], Cayenne (HT♀ [by monotypy]—OUM).13 HYPOCRITA Hübner , [1807]: pl. [187]. TS: Hypocrita dichroa Hübner (by monotypy). Eucyane Hübner, [1820]: 178. TS: Phalaena glauca Cramer (designated by Butler 1875b : 173).20 Esthema Hübner, [1820]: 178. TS: Phalaena bicolora Sulzer (designated by Kirby 1892 : 191). Calepidos Boisduval, 1870 : 89. TS: Calepidos celina Boisduval (designated by Bryk 1931 : 18). Malladita Piñas, 2006 : 1 , 4, 21, 110, 143, 148, nomen nudum . albimacula ( Druce, 1897b: 304 ) ( Eucyane ) —[ Honduras , Cortés , San Pedro Sula ] ( 1♂ , 4♀ ST—BMNH ).21 aletta ( Stoll, 1782: 221, pl. 396, fig. C ) ( Phalaena )—Surinam (HT♀ [by monotypy]—RMNH?).22 ambigua ( Hering, 1925a : 437, pl. 61g , fig. [5]) ( Eucyane )— Honduras (HT ♂ [by monotypy])— MNHU ). arcaei (Druce, 1884: 104, pl. 10, fig. 14) ( Eucyane )— Panama , [ Chiriquí ], Volcán de Chiriquí (HT ♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH). bleuzeni Toulgoët, 1990 : 64 , figs. 6–8, 13— Venezuela , Barinas , La Chimenea , Versant S. -E., 1 500 m (HT ♂ [by OD]— MNHN ). caeruleomaculata Toulgoët, 1988a : 17 , figs. 1–2, 11— Bolivia , [ La Paz ], "Nord" [= Nor] Yungas, Route Mururata/ "S[an]ta Rosa, environ de Quilo-Quilo" [= Santa Rosa de Quilo Quilo], 1 600 m (HT ♂ [by OD]—MNHN).23 celadon (Cramer, 1777: 55, pl. 132, fig. E) ( Phalaena )—Surinam (HT♂ [by monotypy]—RMNH?).24 anacharsis ( Boisduval, 1870: 89 ) ( Calepidos )—"Nicaragua" (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH). celina ( Boisduval, 1870: 89 ) ( Calepidos ) — Guatemala (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). escuintla ( Schaus, 1920: 128 ) ( Eucyane ) — Guatemala , Escuintla (HT ♂ [by monotypy]—USNM). pylotoides ( Hering, 1925a: 435 ) ( Eucyane )— Mexico , [ Guerrero ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). chalybea ( Hering, 1925a: 437 ) ( Eucyane ) — Bolivia , [ La Paz ], Río " Songo " (= Zongo ), [ 1200 m ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— MNHU ). childon ( Druce, 1885b: 520, pl. 32, fig. 4 ) ( Eucyane )—Ecuador, [Pastaza], Sarayacu (ST♂♀—BMNH), comb. n. 25 childon columbiana ( Hering, 1925a: 428 ) ( Thyrgis ) —Colombia (ST♀—MNHU), comb. et syn. n. horaeoides Toulgoët, 1988b : 115 , figs. 5–6, 10—Ecuador, Morona-Santiago, route "Gualaceo" [Gualaquiza in the specimen label]-Limón, km 23, 1 610m (HT♂ [by OD]—MNHN). chislon ( Druce, 1885b: 521 ) ( Eucyane ) — Ecuador , [ Imbabura ], " Intaj " [= Intag ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).23 confluens ( Butler, 1872b: 49 ) ( Esthema ) —[ Brazil , Amazonas ], " Villa Nova " [= Parintins ] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— OUM ).26 confluens ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 9 ) ( Esthema )—[Brazil, fl(umen) Amazonas] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH), preoccupied (Butler, 1872).11 crocata ( Druce, 1899: 233 ) ( Esthema )—" Upper Amazons , Ecuador , Sarayacu " (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH ) . 27 strigifera ( Hering, 1925a : 436, pl. 61f, fig. [1]) ( Eucyane )—[ Brazil , Pará ], Itaituba (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— MNHU ), syn. n. dejanira ( Druce, 1895: 47 ) ( Eucyane ) —"South Brazil " [error = Colombia , Valle del Cauca ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).28 drucei ( Schaus, 1910a: 207 ) ( Centronia ) —Costa Rica, [Cartago], El Sitio; Juan Viñas; Tuis; Tres Ríos (ST♂— USNM).21, 28 eulalia ( Druce, 1899: 232 ) ( Esthema ) —" Upper Amazons " [= Brazil , Amazonas , Maçauari ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).26, 29 euploeodes ( Butler, 1871b: 285 ) ( Esthema ) — Colombia (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— OUM ).22 excellens ( Walker, 1854: 362 ) ( Eucyane ) — Venezuela (3ST ♀ — BMNH ).28 hermaea ( Druce, 1901: 433 ) ( Eucyane )—" Venezuela " [error = Colombia , Norte de Santander , San José de Cúcuta]; " Bolivia " [error] (ST ♂ ♀ —BMNH). fenestraria ( Fabricius, 1775: 627 ) ( Phalaena ) —" China " [error] (ST ♂ —BMNH, ZMUK, HUMG), comb. n. 30, 31 bicolora ( Sulzer, 1776: 161, pl. 22, fig. 6 ) ( Phalaena )—" Indien " [error] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]—lost?), syn. n. bicolorata ( Fabricius, 1781: 257 ) ( Phalaena ) , unjustified emendation, syn. n. dichroa Hübner , [1807]: pl. [187], figs. 1–4—Not indicated (ST ♂ ♀ —lost?), syn. n. glauca (Cramer, 1777: 17, pl. 107, fig. E) ( Phalaena )—Surinam (?ST♀—BMNH).32, 33 uranicola ( Walker, 1866 : 1875) ( Eucyane )—[Colombia, Cundinamarca], "Bogotá" [error]; [Brazil, Amazonas, "Ega" (= Tefé)] (1♂, 1♀ST—BMNH). diana ( Butler, 1875b: 174 ) ( Eucyane )—[ Brazil , Amazonas , " Ega " (= Tefé )] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ). rubrifascia ( Hering, 1925a: 436 ) ( Eucyane ) —[ Brazil , Amazonas ], Manicoré (HT ♀ , nec ♂ [by monotypy]— MNHU ).33, 34 herrona ( Butler, 1871b: 285 ) ( Esthema ) — Colombia , [ Cundinamarca ], " Bogotá " [error] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— OUM).24 hystaspes ( Butler, 1871a: 82 ) ( Eucyane ) — Venezuela (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH ) . calida ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 11 ) ( Esthema )—[ Colombia , Cundinamarca , " Bogotá " (error)] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).11, 35 joiceyi ( Dognin, 1923b: 10 ) ( Centronia ) —Colombia, [Cundinamarca], Medina (HT♀ [by monotypy]—USNM).33, 36 mirabilis Toulgoët, 1988a : 18 , figs. 3–4, 12— Ecuador , Cañar , Parr[oquia] "Chantamarca" [= Chontamarca ], Ancienne R [ou] te Gun /El "Triumfo" [= Triunfo ], 500 m (HT ♂ [by OD]— MNHN ). phanoptoides ( Zerny, 1928: 82 ) ( Eucyane ) —Colombia, [Valle del Cauca], Bella Vista (LT♂—NHMW) ( Pinheiro & Gaal-Haszler, 2015: 509 ). toulgoetae ( Gibeaux, 1982: 50, figs. 6, 11 (as Eucuane [sic] t . ) ( Eucyane )— Ecuador , Pichincha , Santo Domingo de los Colorado [s], 750 m (HT ♂ [by OD]—MNHN). plagifera ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862: 230 ) ( Esthema ) —"Brasilia septentrionalis, fluminis Negro superioris" [error = Peru, San Martín; cf. Lamas (1976) ] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH [not found]). uranigera ( Walker, 1866 : 1876 ) ( Eucyane )—[Brazil, Amazonas], "St. Paul" [= São Paulo de Olivença] [HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). pylotis (Drury, 1773: 9, [91] (index), pl. 5, fig. 3) ( Phalaena )—"Bay of Honduras" (HT♂ [by monotypy]— HUMG?).37 reedia ( Schaus, 1910a: 207 ) ( Centronia ) —Costa Rica, [Limón], Guápiles, [ 850 ft (= 260m )]; [Cartago], Juan Viñas; Tuis; Carrillo (ST♂—USNM).28 rhaetia ( Druce, 1895: 46 ) ( Eucyane ) — Bolivia (ST ♂ ♀ — BMNH ).40 rhamses ( Dognin, 1923b: 11 ) ( Centronia rhamsès [sic])—Colombia, [Boyacá], Muzo (HT♂ [by monotypy]— USNM).40 rhea ( Dognin, 1923b: 11 ) ( Centronia ) —Colombia, [Boyacá], Muzo (HT♀—USNM).40 rubrimaculata ( Hering, 1925a: 436 ) ( Eucyane ) — Venezuela , [ Zulia ], Maracaibo (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— MNHU ). simulata ( Walker, 1866 : 1872 ) ( Esthema ) —"New Grenada " [= Colombia ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).22 mimica ( Walker, 1866 : 1874 ) ( Esthema ) —[ Colombia , Cundinamarca ], " Bogotá " [error] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). simulatrix Toulgoët, 1994 : 28, figs.— Bolivia , [ La Paz ], "Nord" [= Nor] Yungas, Route Mururata-" Santa Rosa , env[irons] de Quilo-Quilo" [= Santa Rosa de Quilo Quilo], 1600 m (HT ♂ [by OD]—MNHN). speciosa ( Walker, 1866 : 1873 ) ( Esthema ) —[ Colombia , Cundinamarca ], " Bogotá " [error] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH).26 venosa ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 10 ) ( Esthema )—[" Brazil , fl(umen) Amazonas " (error = Colombia , Cundinamarca , " Bogotá ")] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).11, 38 temperata ( Walker, 1856 : 1656 ) ( Eucyane ) — Brazil , [ Pará ], " Tapayos " [= Tapajós ] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).39 egaensis ( Butler, 1874: 77 ) ( Eucyane )—[ Brazil , Amazonas ], " Ega " [= Tefé ] ( 2♂ ST—BMNH ) . jucunda ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 12 ) ( Esthema )—[" Colombia , Cundinamarca, Bogotá " (error = Brazil , fl(umen) Amazonas )] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).11, 38 turbida ( Hering, 1925a: 436 ) ( Eucyane )— Colombia , [ Valle del?] Cauca (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU). variabilis ( Zerny, 1928: 83 ) ( Eucyane ) —Colombia, [Valle del Cauca], Bella Vista (LT♂—NHMW) ( Pinheiro & Gaal-Haszler, 2015: 510 ). variabilis f. roseofasciata ( Zerny, 1928: 83 ) ( Eucyane )— Colombia , [ Valle del Cauca ], Bella Vista ( ♂ — MNHU ), unavailable infrasubspecific name.41 variabilis f. flavofasciata ( Zerny, 1928: 83 ) ( Eucyane )— Colombia , [ Valle del Cauca ], Bella Vista ( ♂ — NHMW ), unavailable infrasubspecific name.41 wingerteri Vincent, 2004 : 22, figs. 1–2— Peru , San Martín , route de Tarapoto à Moyobamba, km 62, 1 100 m (HT ♂ [by OD]— MNHN ). EUCYANOIDES Toulgoët, 1988a : 20 . TS: Eucyanoides investigatorum Toulgoët (by original designation). investigatorum Toulgoët, 1988a : 21 , figs. 9–10, 13— Panama , Chiriquí , R[ou] te Gualaca / Fortuna, P [oste] K[ilométrique] 32, Hornito, 1000 m (HT ♂ [by OD]— MNHN ). ISOSTOLA C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874 : pl. 103, fig. 15. TS: Isostola rhodobroncha C. Felder & R. Felder (by monotypy).11 dilatata Hering, 1925a : 434 —Panama, Chiriquí [?] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU). divisa ( Walker, 1854: 329 ) ( Dioptis ( Agyrta ))—[Brazil], Pará; "South America" (4ST♂♀—BMNH). flavicollaris Hering, 1925a : 434 —Panama, Chiriquí (HT♂ [by monotypy]—MNHU). philomela ( Druce, 1893: 286 ) ( Eucyane ) —"Interior of Colombia" (= Eastern Colombia) (HT♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH). nigrivenata Hering, 1925a : 434 , pl. 61c, fig. [4]— Colombia ; Ecuador (ST ♂ ♀ , MNHU), syn. n. 43 rhodobroncha C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874 : pl. 103, fig. 15—[ Brazil , fl(umen) Amazonas ] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH).11 tenebrata Hering, 1925a : 434 —" Bolivia " [error = Peru , Amazonas ], Puerto S[anta] Rosa [de Huayabamba] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU).44 tenebreta Hering, 1925a : pl. 61c, fig. [2], incorrect original spelling. thabena Dognin, 1919 : 7 —Colombia (HT♂ [by monotypy]—USNM).42 albiplaga ( Hering, 1925a : 433 , pl. 61a, fig. [2]) ( Calodesma )— Colombia . (LT ♂ , designated herein— MNHU), syn. n . vicina Butler, 1876 : 115 —"S[outh] America" (2ST♂—BMNH). CTENUCHIDIA Grote, [1866] : 227 , nota . TS: Ctenucha virgo Herrich-Schäffer (by original designation). agrius ( Fabricius, 1781: 159 ) ( Zygaena ) —"Surinam" [error] (ST♀?—HUMG).45 butus ( Fabricius, 1787: 105 ) ( Zygaena ) —"America meridionali" [= South America (error)] (ST ♀ ?—HUMG [not found]).46 pectinata ( Gmelin, [1790] : 2396) ( Sphinx )—"America meridionali" [= South America (error)] (ST ♀ ?), objective replacement name. fulvibasis Hering, 1925a : 447 — Jamaica (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— MNHU ).45 gundlachia ( Schaus, 1904: 138 ) ( Eucyane )— Cuba , [ Santiago de Cuba , Baracoa ], Río Caño (ST ♂ ♀ — USNM ).46 interrupta Hering, 1925a : 448 — Dominica (HT ♂ [by monotypy]— BMNH ). subcyanea ( Walker, 1854: 443 ) ( Mevania ?)—Unknown (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).45 virginalis Forbes, 1930 : 42 , pl. 1, fig. 1 ( Ctenuchidia virgo virginalis )—Puerto Rico, Maricao (HT♀ [by OD]— AMNH). virgo ( Herrich-Schäffer, [1855] : wrapper to pl. 54, fig. 301) ( Ctenucha )—"Antill[es]" (ST ♂ —MNHU). COMPOSIA Hübner , [1820]: 179. TS: Bombyx credula Fabricius (by monotypy). Cocastra Boisduval, 1870 : 88. TS: Bombyx credula Fabricius (by original designation). Junior objective synonym of Composia Hübner , [1820]. credula ( Fabricius, 1775: 584 ) ( Bombyx ) —"America" (ST♂♀—ZMUK, HUMG). sybaris ( Cramer, 1775: 112, pl. 71, fig. E ) ( Phalaena )—Jamaica (ST♂♀—lost?). fidelissima Herrich-Schäffer, 1866 : 132 —Cuba (ST♂♀—IESH). olympia ( Butler, 1871b: 290 ) ( Phaloësia [sic])—"Brazil" [error] (2♀ST—OUM). fidelissima vagrans Bates, 1934 : 123—Bahamas, New Providence, Nassau (HT♂ [by OD]—MCZ). utowana Bates, 1934 : 122 —Bahamas, [Mayaguana], Mariguana Island (HT♂ [by OD]—MCZ). PHALOESIA Walker, 1854 : 359 . TS: Phaloesia saucia Walker (by monotypy). saucia Walker, 1854 : 359 —Venezuela; Nicaragua ( 4♂ ♀ ST—BMNH ).47 gentilis ( Boisduval, 1870: 88 ) ( Cocastra ) —[ Mexico ] (ST ♀ — BMNH ). fulvicollis Butler, 1875b : 171 —[Colombia, Magdalena], Santa Marta (2♀ST—BMNH).48 venezuelae Butler, 1875b : 171 ( Phaloësia [sic])—Venezuela (2♀ST—BMNH). chalybea Butler, 1875b : 171 ( Phaloësia [sic])—[Mexico], Veracruz (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). saucia f. flaviventris Reich, 1938 : 207 , fig. 8 ( Phaloësia [sic])—Venezuela (2♂—TAU), unavailable infrasubspecific name. GNOPHAELA Walker, 1854 : 330 . TS: Dioptis ( Gnophaela ) aequinoctialis Walker (by monotypy). Lamprosoma Grote, [1864] : pl. 6, fig. 1. TS: Lamprosoma vermiculata Grote (by monotypy), preoccupied (Kirby, 1819) [Coleoptera]. Omoiala Grote, [1864] : 334. TS: Omoiala vermiculata Grote (by monotypy), objective replacement name. Callalucia Grote, 1865 : 315. TS: Omoiala vermiculata Grote (by monotypy). Junior objective synonym of Omoiala Grote, [1864] . aequinoctialis ( Walker, 1854: 331 ) ( Dioptis ( Gnophaela ))—"South America" ["Venezuela" (error)] (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).49 disjuncta H. Edwards, 1885 : 128 — Mexico , Veracruz , Jalapa (ST ♂ ♀ — AMNH ). baileyi Laguerre & Monzón in Laguerre, Monzón & Moraes, 2014 : 3, figs. 1B, 2e–i—Guatemala, Huehuetenango , Todos Santos , Villa Alicia , 2450 m (HT ♂ [by OD]— MNHN ). cathetozosta ( Becker, 2013: 61, fig. 19 ) ( Josiomorpha )— Guatemala , Quetzaltenango , Aguas Georginas , 2500 m (HT ♂ [by OD]—VOB). clappiana Holland, 1891 : 156 —[ USA ], Colorado , mountains of Williams River (HT ♂ [by OD]— CMNH ) . clappiana idiomorph ruidosensis Cockerell, 1904 : 213—[USA], New Mexico , White Mountains , Rio Ruidoso , 7600 feet (= 2318 m )] (HT ♂ —not found). discreta Stretch, 1875a : 802 ( Gnophaela hopfferi var. d .)—[ USA ], Arizona (2ST—CAS?). arizona French, 1884 : 20 —[ USA ], Arizona ( 5♂ ST—USNM?). morrisoni Druce, 1885a: 116, pl. 12, fig. 7— Mexico , northern Sonora (15ST—BMNH). immacula Ferguson & Opler, 2006 : 23, nomen nudum . epicharis Druce, 1896 : 40 — Guatemala (ST ♂ ♀ — BMNH , MNHU ( 1♂ )). latipennis ( Boisduval, 1852: 320 ) ( Glaucopis ) —[USA, California] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). hopfferi Grote & Robinson, 1868 : 332 —[USA], California (LT♂, designated herein—MNHU).50 vermiculata ( Grote, [1864] : 334 [as Omoiala ], pl. 6, fig. 1 [as Lamprosoma ])—[USA, Colorado], Pike's Peak (HT♀ [by monotypy]—ANSP?).51 vermiculata var. continua H. Edwards, 1881 : 80 —[ USA ], Colorado ( 2♀ ST—AMNH). PSEUDOPHALOE Hering, 1925a : 429 (as Pseudophaloë [sic]). TS: Phaloë [sic] verania Druce (by original designation). cerealia (Druce, 1884: 108, pl. 11, fig. 6) ( Phaloë [sic])— Panama , [ Chiriquí ], Volcán de Chiriquí (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU). helotes (Druce, 1884: 108, pl. 11, fig. 8) ( Phaloë [sic])— Panama , [ Chiriquí ], Volcán de Chiriquí (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU).52 isosoma ( Prout, 1920: 288 ) ( Phaloë [sic])—Peru, [Junín], Chanchamayo (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH). latifascia Hering, 1925a : 431 , pl. 60d, fig. [6] ( Pseudophaloë [sic])—Peru, [Loreto], Iquitos (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).53 ninonia (Druce, 1884: 104, pl. 10, fig. 13) ( Eucyane )— Panama , [ Chiriquí ], Volcán de Chiriquí (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU). cotta ( Druce, 1897a: 385, pl. 76, fig. 9 ) ( Pericopis )—Panama, Chiriquí (HT♂ [by monotypy]—MNHU). levisi ( Schaus, 1910a: 210 ) ( Phaloe )—Costa Rica, [Cartago], Juan Viñas (LT♂—USNM) ( Becker 2013: 62 ). patula ( Walker, 1854: 349 ) ( Pericopis ) — Bolivia ( 2♀ ST—BMNH ). promiscua Becker & Espinoza , in Becker, 2013 : 63, fig. 18— Costa Rica , Limón , Res [erva] Biol [ógica] Hitoy Cerere , 600 m (HT ♂ [by OD]— INBio ). schausii ( H. Edwards, 1884: 59 ) ( Pericopis ) — Mexico , Veracruz , [ Jalapa ] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]—USNM).52, 54 verania (Druce, 1884: 107, pl. 11, fig. 7) ( Phaloë [sic])— Guatemala , [ Escuintla , El] Zapote(LT ♂ , designated herein—BMNH).54 veranioides Hering, 1925a : 430, pl. 60d, fig. [7] ( Pseudophaloë [sic])— Mexico , [ Veracruz ], Misantla (ST ♂ ♀ —BMNH?, USNM?). stenoxantha Hering, 1925a : 429 ( Pseudophaloë [sic])—Colombia, "Antiochia" [= Antioquia] (HT♂ [by monotypy]—MNHU).52 tellina (Weymer, 1895: 327) ( Phaloe ) —Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul (HT♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU). tellinoides Hering, 1925a : 430 ( Pseudophaloë [sic])—Ecuador, [Esmeraldas], Salidero, [ 325 feet (= 100 m )] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).55 xiphydria Zerny, 1928 : 81 ( Pseudophaloë [sic])—Colombia, [Valle del Cauca], Bella Vista (HT♂ [by monotypy]—NHMW), syn. n. tessmanni Hering, 1925a : 430 ( Pseudophaloë [sic])—Peru, [Huánuco], Río Pachitea, Montealegre (HT♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU).53 triangulata ( Dognin, 1919: 6 ) (? Pericopis )— Bolivia , [ La Paz ], Yungas de La Paz , [ 1000 m ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— USNM ) . troetschi (Druce, 1884: 108, pl. 11, fig. 9) ( Phaloë [sic] trötschi [sic])— Panama , [ Chiriquí ], Volcán de Chiriquí (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU).56 NOTOPHYSON Boisduval, 1870 : 87 . TS: Phalaena tiresias Cramer (by monotypy).57 Anthomyza Swainson, 1833 : 124 , pl. 124, figs. 1–2. TS: Phalaena tiresias Cramer (designated by Duponchel 1841 : 595 ), preoccupied (Fallén, 1810) [ Diptera ]. Notophison Boisduval, 1870 : 86, incorrect original spelling. brotes ( Druce, 1895: 48 ) ( Anthomyza ) — Guyana , [ Essequibo River] (ST ♂ ♀ —BMNH). buckleyi ( Druce, 1895: 48 ) ( Anthomyza ) —Ecuador (ST♂♀—BMNH). heliconides ( Swainson, 1833: 124, pl. 124, fig. 2 ) ( Anthomyza )—Brazil (ST♂?—MMS?). tiresina ( Swainson, 1833: pl. 124, fig. 1 ) ( Anthomyza ), misidentification and incorrect subsequent spelling. tiresia ( Swainson, 1833: 124 ( Anthomyza ) , misidentification and incorrect subsequent spelling. absalon Boisduval, 1870 : 87 —Brazil, nomen nudum . swainsoni ( Druce, 1895: 47 ) ( Anthomyza ) —Brazil, [Rio de Janeiro] (ST♂♀—BMNH), syn. n. 57 heliconides f. obsoleta ( Hering, 1925a: 446 ) ( Dysschema ) —"Surinam" [error] (HT♀ [by monotypy]— MNHU). praxila ( Druce, 1895: 48 ) ( Anthomyza ) —Colombia, [Meta, Villavicencio] (ST♂♀—BMNH). tiresias (Cramer, 1776: 133, pl. 85, fig. B) ( Phalaena )—Surinam (HT♀ [by monotypy]—RMNH?).58 CHETONE Boisduval, 1870 : 89 . TS: Phalaena catilina Cramer (designated by Kirby 1892 : 185 ). angulosa ( Walker, 1854: 345 ) ( Pericopis ) — Venezuela (4 ST—BMNH ).59 heliconides Boisduval, 1870 : 91 —Guatemala; [ Colombia ] (ST Ƌ — BMNH ) . 60 irenides ( Butler, 1872a: 88 ) ( Pericopis )— Costa Rica , [ Cartago ] (ST ♂ ♀ — BMNH ) . catilina ( Cramer, 1775: 126, pl. 79, figs. E–F ) ( Phalaena )—Surinam (ST♂♀—BMNH?, RMNH?).61 catilinaria ( Fabricius, 1781: 250 ) ( Phalaena ), unjustified emendation. nasica ( Fabricius, 1793: 169 ) ( Papilio )—Unknown (HT Ƌ ? [by monotypy]—MMS?).62 perspicua ( Walker, 1854: 344 ) ( Pericopis ) —Brazil, [Amazonas], "Ega" [= Tefé]; Pará; [Pará], Tapajós (4ST—BMNH). catilina angustilineata ( Fleming, 1949: 19 ) ( Pericopis )— Venezuela , Monagas , 10 miles West of Caripito (HT Ƌ [by OD]—AMNH). conjuncta ( Hering, 1925a : 438 , pl. 62a, fig. [2]) ( Pericopis ( Chetone ))—Colombia, [Valle del Cauca], Río Dagua (HT♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU).63 felderi Boisduval, 1870 : 91 — Nicaragua (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).59 histrio ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 5 ) ( Anthomyza )—["Amer(ica) centr(ali)" (error = Brazil , "Amazon")] (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).11, 64 histrio Boisduval, 1870 : 91 —"Honduras; Guatemala" [error], nomen nudum . neriades Boisduval, 1870 : 91 , nomen nudum . histrio ( Butler, 1871b: 290 ) ( Pericopis ) —[Brazil, Amazonas, "Villa Nova" (= Parintins); São Paulo de Olivença], nomen nudum . eugenia ( Druce, 1897b: 305 ) ( Pericopis )—Peru, [Loreto, Yurimaguas] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).65 hydra f. histriomorpha ( Hering, 1925a: 439 ) ( Pericopis ( Chetone ))—Ecuador, [Zamora-Chinchipe], Zamora, [ 3–4000 feet (= 915–1220 m )] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH), syn. n. 66 histrio histrionica Lamas & Grados, [1997] : 24 , fig. 1—Peru, Cuzco, Río Cosñipata, San Pedro, 1400 m (HT♂ [by OD]—MUSM). histrio hydra ( Butler, 1871b: 286 ) ( Pericopis hydra )—Ecuador (HT♂? [by monotypy]—OUM [not found]). isse ( Hübner, [1831] : 27 ) ( Episteme )—Brazil (ST♀—Strasbourg? [lost?]). decisa ( Walker, 1854: 345 ) ( Pericopis ) —[" Colombia , Cundinamarca ], Santa Fe de Bogotá " [error = Brazil ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]—BMNH).67 ithomia ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 7 ) ( Anthomyza )—[Amer(ica) centr(alis)] (HT ♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).11 ithomia Boisduval, 1870 : 92 — Nicaragua , nomen nudum .68 lycorea (Druce, 1885a: 114) ( Pericopis ), nomen nudum . ithrana ( Butler, 1871b: 286 ) ( Pericopis ) —[Brazil], "Amazons" (HT♀ [by monotypy]—OUM).69 phaeba f. intersecta ( Hering, 1925a : 438 , pl. 62c, fig. [2]) ( Pericopis ( Chetone ))—Peru, [Loreto, Yurimaguas] LT♀, designated herein—MNHU, syn. n. 70 kenara ( Butler, 1871b: 287 ) ( Pericopis ) —[ Colombia , Magdalena ], S[an]ta Marta (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— OUM ).63 meta ( Druce, 1895: 47 ) ( Pericopis ) — Colombia , [ Meta , Llanos of Río Meta , San Martín ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH).69 mimica ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 6 ) ( Anthomyza )—[Colombia, Cundinamarca, "Bogotá" (error)] (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH).11, 71 mimica ( Boisduval, 1870: 89 ) ( Chetone ) , nomen nudum . mimica ( Butler, 1871b: 290 ) ( Pericopis ) —[ Colombia ], " Upper Orinoco " [= Río Meta ], nomen nudum . mimica phyleis ( Druce, 1885b: 523 ) ( Pericopis p .)—Ecuador, [Pastaza], Sarayacu (ST♂—BMNH). malankiatae ( Strand, 1921: 126 ) ( Pericopis ( Chetone ))—Peru, [Cuzco], "Malankiata [= Malanquiato] (HT♂ [by monotypy]—SDEI). phaeba Boisduval, 1870 : 90 —" Guatemala " [error = South America ] (ST ♂ ♀ — BMNH ).69, 72 philithomia ( Kaye, 1923b : xcvi, c) ( Pericopis )— Venezuela , [ Carabobo ], San Esteban valley , [Puerto Cabello] (HT♂ [by monotypy]—MGCL).63 kenara f. separata ( Hering, 1925a : 438 , pl. 62b, fig. [1]) ( Pericopis ( Chetone ))—Venezuela, [Carabobo, Valencia] (LT♂, designated herein—MNHU), syn. n. 73 pyste ( Druce, 1885b: 522 ) ( Phaloë [sic])—Ecuador (HT♂ [by monotypy]—BMNH), comb. n. 63 salvini ( C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 103, fig. 8 ) ( Anthomyza )—["Amer(ica) centr(ali)" = Nicaragua , Río San Juan , San Juan de Nicaragua ] (HT ♀ [by monotypy]— BMNH ).11, 59, 74 salvini Boisduval, 1870 : 91 , nomen nudum .75 salvini ( Butler, 1871b: 290 ) ( Pericopis ) —[Guatemala, Alta Verapaz], "Polochic Valley", nomen nudum . studyi ( Hering, 1925a : 438 , pl. 62d, fig. [4]) ( Pericopis ( Chetone ))—Colombia, [ Cundinamarca, Susumuco ] (HT♀ [by monotypy]—MNHU).69 suprema ( Hering, 1925a : 438 , pl. 62b, fig. [4]) ( Pericopis ( Chetone ))— Colombia , [ Cauca ], Río S[an] Juan [de Micay] (HT♀, nec ♂ [by monotypy]—MNHU).59 zuleika Becker & Goodger, in Becker, 2013 : 55 — Panama , [ Panamá ], Taboga Is[land] (HT ♀ [by OD]—USNM).59