The potter wasp genus Allorhynchium from Vietnam, with descriptions of three new species and a new country record (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) Author Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3527-9577 Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam phuonglientit@gmail.com Author Nguyen, Anh D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-0040 Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Author Tran, Ngat Thi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7057-4638 Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Author Nguyen, Manh Thanh Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Author Engel, Michael S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3067-077X Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York, 10024 - 5192 New York, USA & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045 - 4415 Kansas, USA text ZooKeys 2023 2023-06-06 1166 1 32 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1166.102674 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1166.102674 1313-2970-1166-1 DD426CFA908641349EB57778E30FF090 452026EF454453359F0D288BBA53CFAA Allorhynchium moerum Nguyen & AD Nguyen sp. nov. Figs 6 , 7 Material examined. Holotype . Vietnam : ♀ , Thanh Hoa , Thuong Xuan , Van Xuan , Hoan Can , Xuan Lien NR , 19°52'27.5"N , 105°14'20.8"E , alt. 106 m , 24.viii.2012 [ 24 August 2012 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen leg. [IEBR]. Paratypes . Vietnam : 1♂ , Ha Giang , Yen Minh , Du Gia , Khan Ria , 30.iv.2000 [ 30 April 2000 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Ha Giang , Bac Me , Lung Cang , 22°43'17.1"N , 105°11'43.8"E alt. 219 m , 20.vii.2019 [ 20 July 2019 ], Cuong Quang Nguyen , Hoa Thi Dang , Thai Van Mai leg. ; 2♂♂ , same data as holotype ; 2♂♂ , Cao Bang , Nguyen Binh , Thanh Cong , 22°32'29.7"N , 105°52'51.7"E , 8.viii.2012 [ 8 August 2012 ], J Kojima , H Nugroho & IED-c leg .; 2♀♀ , Lang Son , Huu Lung , Huu Lien , Lan Chau , Huu Lien NR , 12.vi.2018 [ 12 June 2018 ], alt. 370 m , Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Lam Xuan Truong , Ngat Thi Tran , Tuan Viet Luong , Ha Thi Thu Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Vinh Phuc , Me Linh , buffalo farm, alt. 100 m , 24.v.2000 [ 24 May 2000 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Vinh Phuc , Me Linh , buffalo farm, alt. 100 m , 27.v.2000 [ 27 May 2000 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Thai Nguyen , Phu Luong , Yen Do , 19.x.2015 [19 Octorber 2015], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Dai Dac Nguyen , Minh Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Bac Giang , Son Dong , Tay Yen Tu , alt. 200-300 m , 3.vii.2010 [ 3 July 2010 ], Phong Huy Pham leg. ; 1♀ , Quang Ninh , Hoanh Bo , Dong Quang , 2.viii.2013 [ 2 August 2013 ], Tuan Van Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Phu Tho , Xuan Dai , Tan Son , 19.v.2011 [ 19 May 2011 ], Phong Huy Pham leg. ; 1♀ , Hanoi , Hoa Duc , An Khanh , 21.viii.2015 [ 21 August 2015 ], Minh Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Hanoi , Thach That , Dong Truc , 26.viii.2015 [ 26 August 2015 ], Dai Dac Nguyen leg. ; 1♂ , Thanh Hoa , Thuong Xuan , Van Xuan , Hoan Can , Xuan Lien NR , 19°51'41.2"N , 105°14'06.6"E , alt. 175 m , 23.viii.2012 [ 23 August 2012 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♂ , Ha Tinh , Huong Khe , Son Kim , 6.v.2004 [ 6 May 2004 ], Lam Xuan Truong leg. ; 1♀ , Thua Thien Hue , Bac Ma NP , alt. 400 m , 15.viii.2005 [ 15 August 2005 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , J Kojima leg. ; 1♂ , Thua Thien Hue , Bac Ma NP , alt. 50 m , 16°15'N , 107°52'E , 16.viii.2005 [ 16 August 2005 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , J Kojima leg. [IEBR]. Other material examined. 1♂ , Cao Bang , Ha Lang , 24.vii.2015 [ 24 July 2015 ], Tuan Van Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Cao Bang , Nguyen Binh , Tran Hung Dao forest , 22°36'17"N , 106°01'47.6"E , alt. 470 m , 18.x.2015 [ 18 October 2015 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Dai Dac Nguyen , Minh Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Dien Bien , 21°56'16.7"N , 102°52'58.1"E , 22.vii.2009 [ 22 July 2009 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Phong Huy Pham , J Kojima leg. ; 1♂ , Lao Cai , Lao Cai City , 20.vi.2008 [ 20 June 2008 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Phong Huy Pham leg. ; 1♀ , Tuyen Quang , Na Hang , Na Hang NR , Road to Ban Bung , 22°16'59.5"N , 105°26'01"E , alt. 369 m , 11.vi.2015 [ 11 June 2015 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Dai Dac Nguyen , Lam Xuan Truong leg. ; 1♀ , Lang Son , Huu Lung , Cai Kinh , 22°39'42.9"N , 106°15'36"E , alt. 28 m , 24.xi.2015 [ 24 November 2015 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Dai Dac Nguyen , Ngat Thi Tran leg. ; 2♀♀ , 1♂ , Lang Son , Huu Lung , Cai Kinh , 20°31'37.6"N , 105°00'24.2"E , alt. 86 m , 16.vii.2016 [ 16 July 2016 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen , Dai Dac Nguyen , Ngat Thi Tran leg. ; 2♀♀ , Vinh Phuc , Me Linh , Me Linh Station , 13-14.v.2013 [ 13-14 May 2013 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♂ , Hoa Binh , Yen Thuy , Lac Thinh , 2.v.2002 [ 2 May 2002 ], Tru Hoang Vu leg. ; 2♂♂ , Hoa Binh , Yen Thuy , Da Phuc , 4.v.2002 [ 4 May 2002 ], Tru Vu Hoang leg. ; 1♂ , Hoa Binh , Yen Thuy , Lac Thinh , 6.v.2002 [ 6 May 2002 ], Tru Hoang Vu leg. ; 1♀ , Hanoi , Ba Vi NP , alt. 700 m , 14.viii.2000 [ 14 August 2000 ], ISD-c leg .; 1♀ , Hanoi , Ba Vi , Yen Bai , Mo stream, alt. above 100 m , 1.vi.2001 [ 1 May 2001 ], Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen leg. ; 1♀ , Hanoi , Long Binh , Tu Dinh , 16.vii.2011 [ 16 July 2011 ], Hoa Thi Dang leg. ; 1♂ , Hanoi , Ba Vi , Da Chong , 25.viii.2013 [ 25 August 2013 ], Dai Dac Nguyen leg. [IEBR] Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the following character combination: head of female in facial view transverse, 1.2 x as wide as high; vertex of female produced behind ocelli, with small cephalic foveae situated next to each other and each bearing a tuft of setae; clypeus in frontal view slightly wider than high, apical margin shallowly emarginate medially, forming blunt tooth on each side, distance between teeth slightly> 1/3 width of clypeus between inner compound eye margins; mesoscutum slightly shorter than wide; propodeal dorsum raised shelf-like to same level with metanotum, concavity deep and wide, margined by a crest, posterior surface clearly separated from dorsal and lateral surfaces by a curved rim, rim strongly produced behind metanotum to form serrate teeth; SVII of male with raised flat area basally, apical margin of raised flat area wide; volsella with long setae at the top. Description. Female (Fig. 6 ): Body length 12.3-13.1 mm (holotype = 12.3 mm); forewing length 11.0-12.1 mm (holotype = 11.0 mm). Structure . Head in anterior view subcircular, 1.1 x as wide as high (Fig. 6A ). Vertex with small cephalic foveae situated next to each other, each bearing a tuft of setae (Fig. 6B ). Distance from posterior ocelli to apical margin of vertex 2.3 x distance from posterior ocellus to inner compound eye margin (Fig. 6B ). Gena narrower than compound eye, ~ 0.86 x as wide as compound eye; occipital carina complete, present along entire length of gena, widened laterally. Inner compound eye margins strongly convergent ventrally, in facial view 1.2 x further apart from each other at vertex than at clypeus. Clypeus in lateral view prominently convex in basal half, then straight to apical margin; in frontal view slightly wider than high, ~ 1.04 x as wide as high (Fig. 6A ), with basal margin slightly convex medially and distinctly separated from antennal toruli; apical margin shallowly emarginate medially, forming blunt tooth on each side, distance between teeth slightly> 1/3 width of clypeus between inner compound eye margins (~ 0.4 x width of clypeus between inner compound eye margins). Mandible quadridentate. Antennal scape ~ 4.3 x as long as its maximum width, slightly curved; FI ~ 1.4 x longer than wide, FII slightly longer than wide, FIII-IX wider than long, terminal flagellomere bullet-shaped, ca. as long as its basal width. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 6C ). Pronotal carina slightly raised, reaching ventral corner of pronotum. Mesoscutum weakly convex, slightly shorter than wide, 0.95 x as long as wide between tegulae, with two depressed and oblique furrows running from apical margin to one-fifth length of mesoscutum (Fig. 6C ). Disc of mesoscutellum almost flat, in lateral view at same level of mesoscutum, depressed basally (Fig. 6C ). Metanotum weakly convex. Declivity of propodeum with median carina running upward into a deep, oval, fovea at a short distance from metanotum, propodeal dorsum raised shelf-like to same level with metanotum, concavity deep and wide, margined by a crest, posterior surface clearly separated from dorsal and lateral surfaces by a curved rim, rim strongly produced behind metanotum to form serrate teeth (Fig. 6E ). Forewing with third submarginal cell separated from apex of marginal cell by < 1/2 its length. Metasomal segment I (Fig. 6F ) as wide as segment II, rounded at base; TI in dorsal view ~ 1.7 x as wide as long; TII longer than wide, ~ 1.1 x as long as wide in dorsal view; SII depressed at base, in lateral view almost straight from base to midlength, then straight to apical margin. Figure 6. Allorhynchium moerum Nguyen & AD Nguyen, sp. nov., female holotype A facial view B head, dorsal view C head and mesosoma, lateral view D mesosoma, dorsal view E propodeum, posterior view F metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Sculpturing . Clypeus with strong punctures, punctures on flattened part larger and shallower, interspaces between punctures with minute punctures, each puncture bearing a very short bristle. Frons densely covered with coarse flat-bottom punctures, interspaces between punctures with sparse minute punctures and raised to form reticulation. Vertex with punctures slightly smaller than those on frons, interspaces larger than on frons; gena from midlength to vertex with punctures similar to those on vertex, and with smaller and weaker punctures on apical half (Fig. 6D ); occipital carina weakly widened laterally (Fig. 6D ). Pronotum with punctures similar to those on vertex. Mesoscutum densely and coarsely covered with flat-bottomed punctures, punctures equal in size, smaller than those on pronotum, interspaces between punctures raised to form reticulation; mesoscutellum with coarse, sparser, and smaller punctures than those on mesoscutum, several small impunctate areas between coarse punctures (i.e., lacking minute punctures), punctures on metanotum similar to those on mesoscutellum but denser. Mesepisternum with flat-bottomed punctures, punctures coarser to those on pronotum posterodorsally, smooth anteroventrally; border between posterodorsal and anteroventral parts distinct, without epicnemial carina. Dorsal part of metapleuron with several strong striae, ventral part with small, sparse, shallow punctures. Propodeum with very coarse and dense punctures on dorsal part, interspaces between punctures strongly raised to form reticulation, lateral part with transverse striae; posterior surface shiny and largely smooth, with some short oblique striations near median carina apically. Tegula with minute punctures. Metasomal TI with sparse strong punctures, distance between punctures greater than puncture diameter, interspaces with minute punctures; punctures on TII larger and deeper than those on TI, punctures on TIII-V and SII denser than those on TII; TVI and SVI with minute punctures. Color . Body almost black except two yellow bands along compound eyes near clypeus and brown valvulae. Wing strongly infuscate, with purple highlights, veins dark brown (Fig. 7D ). Figure 7. Allorhynchium moerum Nguyen & AD Nguyen, sp. nov., male paratype, female holotype A male, facial view B male, left antenna C male, metasomal sternum VII D female, lateral habitus. E male genitalia, inner aspect of paramere with volsella and digitus F male genitalia, outer aspect of paramere with volsella and digitus. G aedeagus, ventral view H aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Pubescence . Body with medium-length silver setae. Male (Fig. 7 ). Body length 11.0-11.7 mm; fore wing length 9.8-11.5 mm. Structure . As in female but differing as follows: head slightly wider than high, 1.0 x as wide as high in anterior view (Fig. 7A ); vertex without cephalic foveae; distance from posterior ocelli to apical margin of vertex ~ 2.15 x distance from posterior ocelli to inner compound eye margin; inner compound eye margins strongly convergent ventrally, in facial view 1.3 x further apart from each other at vertex than at clypeus; clypeus in frontal view almost as wide as long, apical margin deeply emarginate medially, upside down V-shaped, forming sharp pointed tooth on each side (Fig. 7A ), width of emargination ~ 1/3 of clypeal width between inner compound eye margins; mandible quadridentate (with four teeth). Antennal scape ~ 3.5 x as long as wide, FI ~ 1.6 x as long as wide, FII-III longer than wide, FIV-V as wide as long, FVI-VIII wider than long, FX much smaller than FIX, terminal flagellomere elongate, slightly curved, ~ 2 x as long as its basal width (Fig. 7A ). SVII with a raised flat area basally (Fig. 7B ). Sculpturing . Body surface sculptured as in female; clypeus with coarse but without flat-bottom punctures, distance between punctures greater than in female (Fig. 7A ). Pubescence . As in female except clypeus with dense, long, silver setae. Color . Similar to female; clypeus usually black but in some specimens, clypeus with two yellow spots subbasally or with one yellow spot medio-apically and a transverse strip basally. Genitalia . As in Fig. 7 (E-H). Parameral spine lacking hairs. Volsella flattened, spatulate, wide on inner aspect, and with hairs at top (Fig. 7E, F ). Digitus gradually widened from base to two-thirds length, then extended apically to form two lobes, a black short one and a transparent lance lobe with dense long hairs (Fig. 7E, F ). Penis valves long, much longer than basal apodeme (~ 2.1 x as long as basal apodeme); in ventral view proximal part strongly produced laterally into oval shape (Fig. 7G ); in profile apical part strongly produced into two large lobes (Fig. 7H ), upper lobe larger than lower lobe; proximal margin smooth (Fig. 7H ). Distribution. North and central Vietnam. Etymology. The specific epithet is from Old Latin moerus (= Latin mūrus ; meaning a wall, a rim, or a dam), and refers to the rim separating the dorsal and posterior surfaces of the propodeum. Remarks. This new species is similar to A. chinense in having the occipital carina being widened laterally; the posterior surface of the propodeum shiny and largely smooth; the propodeal dorsum raised shelf-like to the same level of the metanotum, a deep and wide concavity margined by a crest, and the posterior surface clearly separated from the dorsal and lateral surfaces by a curved rim, the rim produced behind the metanotum to form serrate teeth; SVII of the male with a raised flat area basally; and the forewing strongly infuscate, with purple highlights. However, it differs from the latter by the following characters: body with less coarse punctures (body with coarse punctures in A. chinense ); pronotum in dorsal view slightly swollen laterally (pronotum in dorsal view strongly swollen laterally); in male, volsella with long setae at the top (volsella without setae at the top in A. chinense ).