A taxonomic monograph of Myrcia sect. Sympodiomyrcia (Myrteae, Myrtaceae)
Author
Santos, Matheus F.
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Rod. João Leme dos Santos (SP 264), km 110, 18052 - 780, Sorocaba-SP, Brazil & Corresponding author: matheus _ fs @ ufscar. br, matheus _ fs @ yahoo. com. br
matheus_fs@ufscar.br
Author
Lucas, Eve
Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW 9 3 AB, United Kingdom.
Author
Sano, Paulo T.
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Rod. João Leme dos Santos (SP 264), km 110, 18052 - 780, Sorocaba-SP, Brazil & Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP 05508 - 090, Brazil. & Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Rod. João Leme dos Santos (SP 264), km 110, 18052 - 780, Sorocaba-SP, Brazil
text
Phytotaxa
2018
2018-12-05
380
1
448
450
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.380.1.1
journal article
10.11646/phytotaxa.380.1.1
1179-3163
13726686
13.
Myrcia nitida
Cambessèdes (1832
–1833: 309) (
Figures 2G
,
4B
,
6C
,
19
and
36
to 39)
Type:—
BRAZIL
.
Minas Gerais
: “In montibus prope vicum Itabira in provincia Minas Geraes”, no date (fl.),
Saint-Hilaire 33a
(
lectotype
MPU [barcode MPU010949] [image!] designated by
Santos
et al.
(2016b)
,
isolectotype
P [barcode P00161396]!). Remaining
syntypes
:—
BRAZIL
.
Minas Gerais
:
Saint-Hilaire 130
(P [barcode P00161396]!;
Saint-Hilaire s.n.
(F [herbarium number 935841] [image!])
=
Eugenia paniculata
Cambessèdes (1832
–
1833: 338) nom. illeg.
Eugeniopsis paniculata
O.
Berg (1855
–1856: 82).
Marlierea paniculata
(O.Berg) D.
Legrand (1962: 31)
. Type:—
BRAZIL
.
Minas Gerais
: “In collibus prope Tapanhuacanga”, no date (fl.),
Saint-Hilaire B1
–
903
(
lectotype
MPU [barcode MPU011103] [image!] designated by
Santos
et al.
(2016b)
,
isolectotypes
F [herbarium number 935836] [image!], P [barcode P00217974]!, P [barcode P00217975]!)
=
Eugenia rubiginosa
Cambessèdes (1832
–1833: 338).
Eugeniopsis rubiginosa
(Cambess.) O.
Berg (1855
–1856: 82).
Myrciaria? rubiginosa
(Cambess.) O.
Berg (1857
–1859: 359).
Marlierea rubiginosa
(Cambess.) D.
Legrand (1962: 32)
. Type:—
BRAZIL
.
Minas Gerais
: “In collibus prope Cachoeira”, no date (fl.),
Saint-Hilaire B1–1101
(
lectotype
MPU [barcode MPU011092] [image!] designated by
Santos
et al.
(2016b)
,
isolectotypes
F [herbarium number 935808] [image!], P [barcode P05228940]!, P [barcode P05228941]!, P [barcode P05228942]!)
Subshrub
, shrub to tree 0.5–5.0 m high. Epidermal peeling absent in immature parts; trichomes ferruginous, brown to light brown,
0.2–0.7 mm
long.
Twig
when immature brownish or straw-like (when dry), flattened, not keeled, tomentose, pubescent or puberulent; mature twig greyish (when dry), cylindrical, cortex slightly cracked, flaking in small pieces, glabrescent to glabrous; branching mainly monopodial (rarely sympodial), 2–3 branches per node (sometimes more than three), epidermal protrusions absent at the nodes (present only when branching is sympodial), internodes (0.5)
1.2–7.7 cm
long; cataphylls scale-like to foliaceous, 2–5 ×
1–2 mm
, usually present only at the basal internode of a new branch, early deciduous, free, widely ovate, externally tomentose, internally puberulent; terminal node with central bud developed and lateral ones undeveloped or only one developed, tomentose or pubescent.
Leaf
discolorous, chartaceous or coriaceous, blades 1.1–8.8 ×
0.7–3.4 cm
, narrowly elliptic to circular, oblong, lanceolate to widely ovate, widely obovate or very widely obovate, apex acuminate to rounded, base cuneate to rounded, truncate, retuse or cordate, margin plane, secondary veins
2–5 mm
apart, held at an angle of 55–85° relative to the midvein, marginal vein
0.5–1.5 mm
from the margin (rarely two), tertiary veins conspicuous to inconspicuous; adaxial surface pubescent, puberulent or with scattered trichomes to glabrous when immature, glabrescent to glabrous at maturity, midvein sulcate (rarely flat) in the first half and flat in the second half, secondary veins inconspicuous (rarely slightly raised), pellucid dots conspicuous to inconspicuous, more than 15 per mm
2
; abaxial surface tomentose, pubescent or puberulent when immature, glabrescent to glabrous at maturity, midvein raised, secondary veins raised, pellucid dots conspicuous to inconspicuous, more than 15 per mm
2
; petiole 0–8 ×
1–3 mm
, canaliculate to semicylindrical, tomentose, pubescent, puberulent or with scattered trichomes when immature, glabrescent to glabrous at maturity.
Inflorescence
2.0–9.5 × 0.5–7.0 cm, corymbiform (sometimes pyramidal), axillar at the terminal or subterminal nodes, terminal dichasia usually with three flowers, 3–138 flowers, rachis tomentose, pubescent, puberulent or with scattered trichomes, 1–5 branching at the base (sometimes with vegetative branches), first internode of central rachis
1–2 mm
wide, cylindrical to flattened, distal internodes flattened, opposite branching (rarely subopposite), 2–5 (rarely 6–7) branching per node, epidermal protrusion present at the nodes (usually absent in the apical branches).
Bract
1.2–4.8 ×
0.4–3.2 mm
, deciduous, lanceolate or ovate, concave, apex acuminate or acute, base truncate, adaxial and abaxial surfaces puberulent or with scattered trichomes.
Pedicel
0–4.0 mm long, cylindrical, tomentose, pubescent or puberulent.
Bracteole
0.8–1.6 ×
0.2–0.8 mm
, deciduous, lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, concave, apex acuminate to rounded, base truncate, adaxial surface puberulent or with scattered trichomes, abaxial surface tomentose, puberulent or with scattered trichomes.
Floral bud
2–4 ×
1–2 mm
, turbinate.
Hypanthium
0.8–1.4 mm
extending above the summit of the ovary, not tearing at anthesis (rarely with a short vertical rupture), externally tomentose, pubescent or puberulent, usually glabrescent towards the apex, pellucid dots conspicuous, internally glabrous; calyx 4–5-merous, lobes 0.4–1.4 ×
0.6–2.2 mm
, distinct from the hypanthium, deciduous, depressed ovate, widely depressed ovate, ovate or widely ovate, concave, apex rounded, base truncate, externally puberulent or with scattered trichomes to glabrous, internally pubescent or puberulent; corolla 4–6-merous, petals white, light brown or slightly pink, 0.8–2.4 ×
1.2–2.4 mm
, depressed ovate to widely ovate or widely obovate, concave, apex rounded, base truncate, externally and internally puberulent or with scattered trichomes to glabrous; staminal ring
0.4 mm
wide, glabrous, stamens 43–110, filament
1.6–5.2 mm
long, white, glabrous, anther 0.16–0.32 ×
0.24–0.40 mm
, square, oblong or transversely oblong; ovary 0.8–1.0 ×
0.6–1.2 mm
, 2-locular, each locule with two ovules, style 3.6–6.0 mm long, glabrous, stigma punctiform, papillose.
Fruit
green when immature, vinaceous at maturity, 4–7 ×
4–8 mm
, depressed globose or globose, base rounded, glabrescent to glabrous, remnants of calyx lobes present or not; seeds 1–3.
Distribution and Habitat:—
Myrcia nitida
occurs mainly in the
Quadrilátero Ferrífero
and the Espinhaço Range (from the southernmost point to the South of
Chapada
Diamantina
), between
650 to 1500 m
(in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado domains). Occasional records are known from the municipalities of Arinos and Formoso (northwestern
Minas Gerais
) (
Figure 19
). It inhabits many vegetation
types
, including
campo rupestre
on sandy soil,
canga
vegetation,
carrasco
, quartzitic rocky outcrops, riparian forest and semideciduous forest.
Phenology:—
Myrcia nitida
flowers from July to October and from December to May, with flowering concentrated from February to May. Fruits were found almost the whole year, except in January, February and November (mature fruits in September, October and December).
FIGURE 36.
Images of representative specimens of
Myrcia
sect.
Sympodiomyrcia
species:
Myrcia nitida
(
Santos 719
[SPF]).
FIGURE 37.
Images of representative specimens of
Myrcia
sect.
Sympodiomyrcia
species:
Myrcia nitida
(
Lombardi 4532
[SPF]).
FIGURE 38.
Images of representative specimens of
Myrcia
sect.
Sympodiomyrcia
species:
Myrcia nitida
(
Nic Lughadha H53342
[SPF]).
FIGURE 39.
Images of representative specimens of
Myrcia
sect.
Sympodiomyrcia
species:
Myrcia nitida
(
Harley H52100
[SPF]).
Conservation Status:—
Myrcia nitida
has a wide distribution in
campo rupestre
(Extent of Occurrence ca.
146,000 km
2
) and is found in protected areas, sometimes in numerous populations. The Area of Occupancy (
84 km
2
) is small but is probably due to low collection density in parts of its distribution.
Myrcia nitida
is here classified as Least Concern (LC;
IUCN 2001
).
Discussion:—
Myrcia nitida
is similar to
Myrcia subcordata
, differing in mainly vegetative monopodial branching, cataphyll scars present only at the basal internode of a new branch (
Figure 4B
) and venation barely conspicuous (especially on the adaxial surface). These species are sympatric in the
Quadrilátero Ferrífero
, but no evidence of hybridization was found. Another distinctive feature of
Myrcia nitida
is the indumentum on the abaxial surface of leaves that becomes darkened and unevenly deciduous with the age; however, it is not found in all specimens.
Specimens from Arinos and Formoso municipalities (North of
Minas Gerais state
) are distinct in their almost sessile leaves, short internodes and many leaves in each branch. However, these characteristics are found in specimens from other regions, although not so conspicuously. For instance, specimens from the
Quadrilátero Ferrífero
have almost sessile leaves with cordate bases; materials from the
Diamantina
Plateau
(e.g.
Shepherd 3947
[UEC]) have short internodes and petioles. The gradual change in these characteristics prevents the suggestion that these forms might be new taxa.
Available illustrations and images:
—
Kawasaki (2004
; as
Marlierea rubiginosa
).
Additional specimens examined:
—
BRAZIL
.
Bahia
:
Mun. Abaíra
,
1620 m
,
13
°
15’0”S
,
41
°
55’0”W
,
4 February 1992
(fl),
B.Stannard
H51166
(K!,
SPF
!,
UB
!)
;
ibidem,
1620 m
,
13
°
15’0”S
,
41
°
55’0”W
,
4 February 1992
(fl),
B.
Stannard
H51167
(K!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
1300–1400 m
,
13
°
19’0”S
,
41
°
51’0”W
,
21 March 1992
(fl),
B.
Stannard
H52767
(CEPEC!, F!, HUEFS!, K!, RB!, SPF!,
UB
!)
;
ibidem,
1500–1600 m
,
13
°
14’0”S
,
41
°
54’0”W
,
21 March 1992
(fl),
E.M.
Nic Lughadha
H52594
(K!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
1500–1550 m
,
13
°
14’0”S
,
41
°
54’0”W
,
25 March 1992
(fl),
E.M.
Nic Lughadha
H53342
(CEPEC!,
HUEFS
!, MBM!, RB!, SPF!,
UB
!)
;
ibidem,
1000–1120 m
,
17 April 1994
(fl),
F.
França
1041
(BHCB!,
ESA
!, HUEFS!, SP!,
UB
!)
;
ibidem,
986 m
,
13
°
16’48,7”S
,
41
°
44’38,7”W
,
13 February 2012
(fl),
M.F.
Santos
831
(BHCB!, K!, NY!, RB!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
1600 m
,
13
°
17’0”S
,
41
°
54’0”W
,
17 February 1992
(fl),
R.M.
Harley
52100
(BHCB!,
CEPEC
!, F!, HUEFS!, K!, RB!, SP!, SPF!,
UB
!)
;
ibidem,
1300 m
,
13
°
19’0”S
,
41
°
51’0”W
,
22 May 1992
(fr),
W.
Ganev
349
(CEPEC!,
HUEFS
!, K!, SPF!,
UB
!)
;
ibidem,
1300 m
,
13
°
19’0”S
,
41
°
51’0”W
,
25 July 1992
(fr),
W.
Ganev
736
(CEPEC!,
HUEFS
!, K!, SPF!,
UB
!)
;
ibidem,
1100–1200 m
,
13
°
18’0”S
,
41
°
52’0”W
,
5 April 1994
(fl),
W.
Ganev
3054
(HUEFS!, K!, SPF!,
UB
!)
;
1250 m
,
13
°
17’0”S
,
41
°
53’0”W
,
24 May 1994
(fl),
W.
Ganev
3112
(K!, RB!, SPF!,
UB
!)
.
Mun. Catolés
,
1200 m
,
16 June 1992
(fr),
W.Ganev
510
(CEPEC!, K!, SPF!,
UB
!)
.
Mun. Rio de Contas
,
16 May 1983
(fl),
G.Hatschbach
46471
(C!, CEPEC!, ICN!, MBM!, MO!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
13
°
49’0”S
,
42
°
24’0”W
,
7 May 2004
(fl),
R.M.
Castro
968
(BHCB!,
HUEFS
!)
;
ibidem,
1120 m
,
13
°
29’0”S
,
41
°
51’0”W
,
27 October 1988
(fr),
R.M.
Harley
25678
(CEPEC!, K!, NY!, RB!, SP!, SPF!, UB!,
UEC
!)
;
ibidem,
1250 m
,
23 August 1993
(fr),
W.
Ganev
2087
(HUEFS!, K!, SPF!,
UB
!)
.
Minas Gerais
:
Mun. Alvorada de Minas
,
883 m
,
18
°
47’0”S
,
43
°
25’0”W
,
20 March 2007
(fr),
P.L.Viana
2835
(
BHCB
!)
.
Mun. Arinos
, RPPN
Arara Vermelha
,
790 m
,
15
°
26’25,6”S
,
45
°
49’59”W
,
27 May 2004
(fl),
M.L.Fonseca
5495
(
IBGE
!)
.
Mun. Barão de Cocais
,
9 February 1999
(fl),
M.R.S.M.Marques-Leitão
s.n.
(BHCB!, SP 337723!)
;
ibidem,
1120 m
,
19
°
51’12”S
,
43
°
22’6,1”W
,
9 August 2002
(fl),
A.M.
Oliveira
124
(
BHCB
!)
.
Mun. Conceição do Mato Dentro
,
962 m
,
18
°
56’0”S
,
43
°
25’0”W
,
20 March 2007
(fl, fr),
P.L.Viana
2832
(
BHCB
!)
;
Serra
do
Sapo
,
810 m
,
18
°
55’20,9”S
,
43
°
25’3,5”W
,
4 July 2008
(fl),
L.H.Y.Kamino
1087
(
BHCB
!)
.
Mun.
Diamantina
,
1 December 1976
(fl),
G.J.Shepherd
3947
(NY!,
UEC
!)
;
ibidem,
25 September 2004
(fl, fr),
I.R.Costa
527
(
UEC
!)
.
Mun. Felício
dos Santos,
1463
m,
18
°
6’13,6”S
,
43
°
8’31,6”W
,
20 November 2010
(st),
M.F.Santos
600
(BHCB!, K!,
SPF
!)
;
APA
Felício
,
1350 m
,
8 August 2004
(fr),
P.L.Viana
1844
(
BHCB
!)
;
ibidem,
1000–1400 m
,
18
°
10’0”S
,
43
°
17’0”W
,
8 October 2004
(fr),
P.L.
Viana
1899
(
BHCB
!)
.
Mun. Formoso
,
Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas
,
865 m
,
15
°
25’30”S
,
45
°
53’47”W
,
2 December 1997
(fr),
M.A.
Silva
3681
(IBGE!,
RB
!)
.
Mun. Grão-Mogol
,
1100 m
,
22 March 1980
(fl),
G.Hatschbach
42876
(BHCB!, C!, G!, MBM!,
SP
!)
;
ibidem,
16
°
25’0”S
,
42
°
55’0”W
,
11 March 1999
(fl),
M.L.
Kawasaki
1083
(
SP
!)
.
Mun. Itacambira
,
950 m
,
7 March 2000
(fl),
M.F.Vasconcelos
s.n.
(BHCB!, SP 343797!)
;
ibidem,
1200 m
,
16
°
59’17,2”S
,
43
°
20’39,9”W
,
23 February 2002
(fl),
V.C.
Souza
28257
(BHCB!,
ESA
!)
.
Mun. Itambé do Mato Dentro
,
907 m
,
19
°
22’36,8”S
,
43
°
19’38,8”W
,
20 October 2011
(fr),
M.F.Santos
719
(BHCB!, K!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
907 m
,
19
°
22’36,8”S
,
43
°
19’38,8”W
,
20 October 2011
(fl, fr),
M.F.
Santos
720
(BHCB!, K!, NY!, RB!,
SPF
!)
.
Mun. Morro do Pilar
,
10 December 2006
(fl),
M.F.Santos
102
(BHCB!,
SPF
!)
.
Mun.
Rio Vermelho
,
15 July 1987
(fr),
R.M.Harley
CFCR4530
(K!, NY!, SP!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
31 July 1985
(fr),
R.
Mello-Silva
CFCR7814
(F!, NY!, RB!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
31 March 1985
(fr),
A.M.Giulietti
CFCR7776
(NY!,
SPF
!)
.
Mun. São Gonçalo do Rio Abaixo
,
9 March 1988
(fl),
J.R.Stehmann
s.n.
(RB 326743!)
;
Parque Estadual do Rio Preto
,
31 October 2005
(fr),
E.B.Foresto
123
(
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
1 April 2005
(fl),
F.N.
Costa
830
(BHCB!,
DIAM
!,
HUFU
!)
;
ibidem,
16 July 2005
(fr),
F.N.
Costa
872
(BHCB!,
DIAM
!,
HUFU
!)
;
ibidem,
760 m
,
18
°
6’6,42”S
,
43
°
20’24,6”W
,
17 September 2005
(fr),
F.N.
Costa
903
(DIAM!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
760 m
, 18
°
6’64,2”S,
43
°
20’24,6”W
,
15 January 2006
(fl),
F.N.
Costa
1009
(DIAM!,
HUFU
!)
;
ibidem,
18
°
7’0”S
,
43
°
20’36”W
,
19 February 2002
(fl),
J.A.
Lombardi
4532
(BHCB!,
CESJ
!,
SPF
!)
;
ibidem,
18
°
0’0”S
,
43
°
20’0”W
,
5 April 2003
(fr),
J.A.
Lombardi
5231
(BHCB!,
CESJ
!, ESA!, HUEFS!, MBM!,
SPF
!)
.
Mun. Serro
,
1 February 2003
(fl),
R.C.
Mota
3143
(
BHCB
!)
.
Mun. Turmalina
,
Caçaratiba
,
14 March 1999
(fl),
M.L.Kawasaki
1125
(
SP
!)
.
Total
:
49 specimens
.