A reassessment of the Neotropical genus Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895: cladistic analysis, biogeography, and taxonomic review (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae) Author Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti DEEF048E-97FB-4CCD-875F-5FA6184CA8AB&14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. & Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com Author Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador DEEF048E-97FB-4CCD-875F-5FA6184CA8AB&14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. & Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com Author Brescovit, Antonio Domingos 14A15A7F-730F-4D41-BDAC-D53514FAB85D&D5B81D79-AFAE-47B1-8A6E-DAB448A24BCC Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503 - 090, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigobouzan@outlook.com&antonio.brescovit@butantan.gov.br text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-04-27 867 1 1 312 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.867.2109 journal article 57602 10.5852/ejt.2023.867.2109 1d2570da-e150-4d75-94d8-bfc5813062bc 2118-9773 7891021 8DEF295C-A8B1-4A6B-B873-B30949F64E07 Pseudonannolene tocaiensis Fontanetti, 1996 Figs 132–133 , 166M , 173B , 179B , 189 Pseudonannolene tocaiensis Fontanetti, 1996: 419 , figs 1–3. Pseudonannolene tocaiensis – Freitas et al. 2004: 38 . — Souza et al. 2012: 47 . — Iniesta & Ferreira 2013b: 357 ; 2013c: 78 . — Karam-Gemael et al. 2018 : figs 2–3. — Gallo & Bichuette 2019: 43 ; 2020: 36 . Diagnosis Males of P. tocaiensis resemble those of P. ophiiulus , P. strinatii , and P. sulcatula by having an internal branch shovel-shaped (see Figs 130D , 133D ), but differing by having the first leg-pair with subrectangular coxae, prefemoral process larger than half of prefemur ( Fig. 133B ); solenomere with rounded ectal process ( Fig. 133D–F ). Etymology Although unspecified, the name is evidently an adjective referring to the locality where the type material was found, Toca Cave. Material examined Holotype BRAZIL • ♂ [fragmented, gonopods missing]; São Paulo , Itirapina , Fazenda da Toca , Toca cave ; [ -22.272463 , -47.776046 ]; 776 m a.s.l. ; 27 Aug. 1985 ; C.S. Fontanetti , A. Mesa and F.A.G. Mello leg.; MZSP 942 . Paratypes (total: 6 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ) BRAZIL • 6 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ [all fragmented]; same collection data as for holotype; MZSP 942 . Other material (total: 3 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ , 2 immatures ) BRAZIL – São Paulo • 3 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ , 1 ♂ immature, 1 ♀ immature; Itirapina , Fazenda da Toca , Toca cave ; [ -22.2531 , -47.8228 ]; 776 m a.s.l. ; 24 Feb. 1989 ; A. Mesa leg.; MZSP • 1 ♀ ; Estação Ecológica Itirapina ; [ -22.249596 , -47.825980 ]; 764 m a.s.l. ; 30 Apr.–5 May 2001 ; Equipe Biota leg.; IBSP 1935 . Descriptive notes MEASUREMENTS . 60 body rings (1 apodous + telson). Males: body length ca 50 mm ; maximum midbody diameter 2 mm . COLOR . Body color faded, but apparently uniform pale brownish; metazonites with a posterior band brown; head, collum, antennae, and legs brownish. HEAD . Antennae short, just reaching back to end of ring 5 when extended dorsally; relative antennomere lengths 1<2<3>4>5≈6>7. Mandibular cardo with ventral margin narrow. Ommatidial cluster well-developed, elliptical; ca 28 ommatidia in 5 rows. BODY RINGS . Collum with lateral lobes rounded, with ca 9 shallow striae ( Fig. 132A ). Very faintly constricted between prozonite and metazonite; prozonites smooth; metazonites laterally with transverse striae from ca ⅓ length below ozopore. Anterior sterna in midbody rings subrectangular, without transverse striae ( Fig. 173B ). FIRST LEG-PAIR OF MALES . Coxae ( cx ) short (less than half of remaining podomere lengths), subrectangular, with the base arched and expanded, densely setose ( Fig. 133A ); prefemoral process ( prf ) as wide as half of prefemur, subcylindrical, densely setose along the entire ventral region ( Fig. 133B ); remaining podomeres with setae along the mesal region. SECOND LEG-PAIR OF MALES . Coxa ( cx ) subrectangular; penis ( pn ) located at proximal region, rounded, not extended basally ( Fig. 133C ); prefemur compressed dorsoventrally; remaining podomeres setose. GONOPODS . Gonocoxa ( gcx ) subtriangular, basally expanded and progressively less wide, with the base arched; antero-posteriorly flattened; with rows of papillae mesally ( Fig. 133D–F ). Seminal groove ( sg ) straight up to ending of gcx , arising medially on mesal cavity, curved ectad in tp and terminating apically on the seminal apophysis ( sa ). Shoulder absent. Telopodite ( tp ) almost as wide as gcx ( Fig. 133D ); solenomere ( sl ) with apicomesal process ( amp ) short, slightly subtriangular; ectal process ( ep ) short, rounded, separating from amp by shallow notch; sa located at mesal portion, not visible apically. Internal branch ( ib ) shovel-shaped and rounded apically, with horizontal plate; setae restricted to the apical region of ib exceeding seminal region of sl ( Fig. 133D–F ). VULVAE . As typical for the genus. Bursa subtriangular, glabrous ( Fig. 179B ); internal valve subtriangular; operculum narrow, curved ectad; external valve wide, subtriangular. Distribution Known only from the type locality Fazenda da Toca, Itirapina, São Paulo State , Brazil ( Fig. 189 ).