On the mammals collected by Friedrich Sellow in Brazil and Uruguay (1814 – 1831), with special reference to the types and their provenance Author Garbino, Guilherme S. T. Author Nogueira, Marcelo R. text Zootaxa 2017 4221 2 172 190 journal article 37302 10.5281/zenodo.248623 1bdf89cc-ca41-4094-a65a-bf6c59ca96af 1175-5326 248623 35BBFC9F-A97E-4E08-A294-F8F6D381A7B7 Mus leptosoma Brants, 1827 (ZMB_MAM 1184) When Desmarest (1817) described his “silky spiny rat”, Echimys setosus , he only mentioned “Amérique” as the locality. Lichtenstein (1820:192) described Loncheres myosuros from Bahia based on specimens collected by Freyreiss. Subsequently , Brants (1827:150) , crediting Lichtenstein as the author of the taxon, described Mus leptosoma , stating that the species occurs in Bahia , and that the types are in the Berlin Museum. Later, Lichtenstein (1830) redescribed Mus leptosoma based on specimens collected by Freyreiss in Bahia and by Sellow in São Paulo . ZMB _MAM 1184 is clearly identifiable as Trinomys setosus ( Fig. 4 d). Label information reads Sellow collected the specimen in São Paulo . ZMB _MAM 1184 is marked as the type of Loncheres myosuros and Mus leptosoma in the catalog, whereas specimen ZMB _MAM 1185, collected by Freyreiss in Bahia , is also a Trinomys setosus . We can assume that both specimens were used by Brants and Lichtenstein to describe Mus leptosoma , and thus are both syntypes of that taxon. Moojen (1948) considered the names Loncheres myosuros Lichtenstein, 1820 and Mus leptosoma Brants, 1827 as incertae sedis , but subsequent reports treated these two names as junior synonyms of Echimys setosus Desmarest ( Iack-Ximenes 2005 ; Pessôa et al. 2015 ). We have considered the possibility that Mus leptosoma was composed of more than one species, but both syntypes , ZMB_MAM 1184 and ZMB_MAM 1185, have been confirmed as Trinomys setosus by us and other authors ( Iack-Ximenes 2005 ). The species is known from Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro . However , this taxon has not been found in the state of São Paulo , where Trinomys dimidiatus and T. iheringi occur. Therefore , we consider more plausible that the supposed provenance of specimen ZMB _MAM 1184 is erroneous.