A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador Author Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina Author Whitfield, James B. Author Janzen, Daniel H. Author Winifred Hallwachs, Author Dyer, Lee A. Author Smith, M. Alex Author Hebert, Paul D. N. Author Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. text ZooKeys 2019 890 1 685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 1313-2970-890-1 FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5 2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97 Glyptapanteles suniae Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 209 Female. Body length 2.78 mm , antenna length 3.33 mm , fore wing length 3.18 mm . Type material. Holotype : ECUADOR • 1♀ ; EC-12773, YY-A041; Napo , Yanayacu Biological Station , Camino a Loreto ; 1,200 m ; - 0.7, -77.733333; 02.iii.2006 ; Rafael Granizo leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoons formed on 17.iii.2006 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 12.iv.2006 ; ( PUCE ) . Paratypes . • 18 ( 5♀ , 5♂ ) ( 6♀ , 2♂ ); EC-12773, YY-A041; same data as for holotype; ( PUCE ) . Diagnosis. Petiole on T1 with lateral margin relatively straight in proximal half, but distal half curved (convex, Fig. 209G, H ), fore telotarsus almost same width throughout, dorsal furrow of pronotum with a well-defined smooth band ( Fig. 209A, I ), petiole on T1 with a mix of fine rugae and coarse sculpture over most of the surface ( Fig. 209G, H ), propodeum medially rhomboid-shaped with transverse rugae, but no trace of median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 209F ), fore wing with vein 1 cu-a straight, r vein slightly curved or curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( Fig. 209K ), dorsal outer depression on hind coxa present ( Fig. 209A, J ), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets ( Fig. 209B ), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 ( Fig. 209G, H ). Figure 209. Glyptapanteles suniae female sp. nov. EC-12773 YY-A041 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T1-3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings. Coloration ( Fig. 209 A-K ). General body coloration polished black except pedicel distal half yellow-brown and proximal half brown; scape brown; first five-six proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), remaining flagellomeres dark brown on both sides; mandibles distally yellow-brown; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow; clypeus, labrum, propleuron, both dorsal and ventral furrows of pronotum, epicnemial ridge, ventral edge of mesopleuron and lateral edges of metasternum with brown-red/reddish tints. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except coxae proximal with a brown smear area and brown claws; hind legs yellow except black coxae distally brown-red/reddish, femora distally brown, distal half of tibiae brown, and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas brown, median area with contours darkened, adjacent area very narrow, and lateral ends yellow; T3 mostly brown, proximally this dark area coinciding with the width of median and adjacent areas on T2, and proximal half of lateral ends yellow; T4 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with a narrow translucent band. In lateral view, T1-3 yellow; T4 yellow, but dorsally brown; T5 and beyond brown. S1-3 yellow; S4 brown with a dorsal yellow area; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown. Description. Head ( Fig. 209 A-D ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.22:0.08, 0.25:0.08, 0.24:0.08), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.16:0.06, 0.11:0.06), antenna longer than body (3.33, 2.78); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, finely punctate-lacunose, interspaces wavy and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate-lacunose and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.10, 0.15). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide. Mesosoma ( Fig. 209A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct proximally, but absent/dispersed distally. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS , but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation distinct peripherally and absent centrally, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM ; ATS demilune inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal ATS groove smooth. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation sloped, smooth and shiny. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM semicircular without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM ; PFM thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum medially rhomboid-shaped with rugae, proximal half curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half with a shallow dent at each side of nucha; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short transverse carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum and dorsal furrow smooth, but ventral furrow with short parallel carinae. Propleuron finely sculptured only ventrally and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge widen. Legs ( Fig. 209A, J ). Ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.10). Hind coxa with dorsal half sparsely punctate, ventral half densely punctate, and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.25, 0.20), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.15). Wings ( Fig. 209K ). Fore wing with r vein curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell proximal half smooth; vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. V Hind wing with vannal lobe narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin. Metasoma ( Fig. 209A, G, H, J ). Metasoma cylindrical . Petiole on T1 with a mix of fine rugae and coarse sculpture over most of the surface, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but barely narrowing at apex, apex truncate (length 0.37 mm , maximum width 0.22, minimum width 0.18), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.16, length T2 0.16), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.16, maximum width 0.24, minimum width 0.15); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.23, 0.16) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense. Cocoons. Unknown. Comments. The specimens are slender and elongated ( Fig. 209A ), petiole on T1 with lateral margins relatively straight in proximal half, but distal half curved (convex, Fig. 209G ). As well as G. phildevriesi , that shape resembles the petiole of Venanus helavai Mason ( Mason 1981 , Fig. 77b ). The propodeum distally forming a distinctive wall ( Fig. 209F ) and the propodeal spiracle distally framed by a concave carina. Male. Similar in coloration to female. Etymology. Sindhu (Suni) Krishnankutty is an Indian entomologist who, as a graduate student at UIUC , IL , USA , worked on the taxonomy and systematics of the endemic leafhoppers from Madagascar . Currently, she is a researcher at Plant Protection and Quarantine program, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Buzzards Bay, MA, USA . Distribution. Parasitized caterpillar was collected in Ecuador , Napo , Yanayacu Biological Station (Camino a Loreto), during March 2006 at 1,200 m in cloud forest. Biology. The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious. Host. Undetermined species of Erebidae ( Arctiinae ), food plant was not reported. Caterpillar was collected in third instar.