Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia * Author Cerretti, Pierfilippo Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Forestale “ Bosco Fontana ” - Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Via Carlo Ederle 16 / a, I- 37100 Verona, Italy. E-mail: pierfilippocerretti @ yahoo. it & Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo, Sapienza Università di Roma, Viale dell’Università 32, I- 00185 Rome, Italy. Author Pape, Thomas Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Department of Entomology, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: tpape @ snm. ku. dk text Zootaxa 2009 2009-12-02 2318 552 565 journal article 1175-5326 5EFE2C48-525E-4D9B-AB18-18C0556909B8 Key to species of Melanophora 1 M vein complete, wing cell r 4+5 closed and long petiolate ( Figs 9–10 ). Crossed apical scutellar setae present and well developed ( Fig. 8 ). Mouthparts well developed ( Figs 2, 4 ). Female: wing membrane mainly brownish with whitish posterior subapical spot ( Fig. 10 ) ................................................................................................................................. 2 - M incomplete and not reaching wing margin, ending about where bend of M should be ( Figs 14 , 20 ). Scutellum without crossed apical setae. Mouthparts strongly reduced, vestigial ( Fig. 13 ). Female wing pattern not as above .. 3 2 Petiole of R 4+5 very long, 2.1–2.5 times as long as postangular section of M; Cs 6 at least as long as Cs 4 (distinctly longer in female); anterodistal edge of wing with a concavity at the intersection of 4 th and 6 th costal sections, very pronounced in female, just visible in male ( Figs 9, 10 ). Female head and thorax mainly yellow in ground colour. Male cerci, in posterior view, very narrow; basally not enlarged ( Fig. 11 ) .......................................... M. chia sp. nov. - Petiole of R 4+5 0.9–1.6 times as long as postangular section of M. Cs 6 distinctly shorter than Cs 4 . Wing without concavity. Female head and thorax black or dark brown. Male cerci basally enlarged ( Fig. 12 ) ... M. roralis (Linnaeus) 3 Intra-alar setae present. Thorax and abdomen ( Fig. 16 ) practically without microtomentum. R 1 bare. Mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal seta. dm-Cu lacking or largely incomplete ( Fig. 14 ). Male cercal bases narrowly separated by a distinct medial suture (i.e., not fused) ( Fig. 17 ) ............................................................................................. M. asetosa Kugler - Intra-alar setae absent. Abdomen dorsally covered with dense brilliant silver microtomentum (well visible in anterodorsal view) ( Fig. 21 ). R 1 dorsally setulose. Mid tibia without anterodorsal setae. dm-Cu present ( Fig. 20 ). Male cercal bases fused medially ( Fig. 22 )................................................................................................................................. 4 4 R 4+5 dorsally with fine and widely spaced setulae on much of its length. Postpedicel with a row of setae along dorsal margin ( Fig. 18 ). Ground colour of abdominal tergites mainly dark brown but pale yellowish basally and narrowly whitish on hind margins. Mid and hind femora mainly dark-brown or blackish, except for yellowish apices. Only posterior coxa entirely pale yellow. Pleural sclerites of thorax varying in colour from brown to reddish .................... ..................................................................................................................................................... M . basilewskyi (Peris) - R 4+5 dorsally bare. Postpedicel without setae. Ground colour of abdominal tergites pale reddish-yellow on about basal 2/3 or more and brown in the remaining surface. Mid and hind femurs pale yellow on about basal 3/5 and pale brown on the remaining surface. All coxae yellowish. Pleural sclerites of thorax almost entirely pale reddish-yellow .............................................................................................................................................. M . argyriventris (Curran)