Spanglerelmis, a new genus of Elmidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Brazil with new species and biological notes Author Polizei, Thiago Tadeu Silva CB8D27F0-7261-471B-B075-687212674AE3 Laboratório de Coleoptera (LaC), Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP), Avenida Nazaré, 481, Ipiranga, 04263 - 000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Escola Técnica Estadual de Itanhaém. Avenida José Batista Campos, 1431, Anchieta, 11740 - 000, Itanhaém, SP, Brazil. Laboratório de Biologia Aquática, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, 19806 - 900, Assis, SP, Brazil. thiagopolizei@hotmail.com Author Costa, Lucas de Souza Machado 8AA350C0-80FD-48B2-BA76-9E5F7AAE6B74 lucassmcosta@yahoo.com.br Author Bispo, Pitágoras da Conceição 41852B8E-AEF8-42CC-BA26-9A02BBC342B9 pcbispo@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2022 2022-04-12 813 1 33 56 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1731 journal article 55900 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1731 2c34a928-777a-4b12-b49b-ac4fa02eaa99 2118-9773 6468145 122A927A-9DDA-40BC-BF2A-D0C206717C03 Spanglerelmis xiririca Polizei & Bispo gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 44BD1453-3EE8-4626-87D8-06FAD617050D Figs 2–8 , 10A–D Diagnosis Body dark-brown, antennae, mouthparts and legs red-brown. Spanglerelmis xiririca Polizei & Bispo gen. et sp. nov. can be easily differentiated from S. timburi Polizei & Bispo gen. et sp. nov. and S. femoralis by the profemora not swollen; hypomeron with a belt of tomentum near the suture; disc of abdominal ventrite 1 with a pair of carinae. While in S. timburi and S. femoralis the profemora is swollen; there is no tomentum on the suture on hypomeron; and absence of carina on disc of the abdominal ventrite 1. Moreover, the male genitalia can be differentiated by the phallobase 2.5× as long as penis (1.5× in S. timburi and 2× in S. femoralis ) and the penis with long setae on apex. Etymology The specific epithet xiririca refers to the oldest name for Eldorado county, the region where specimens of the new species were collected; it is an indigenous word (Tupi origin) meaning “running water”. Type locality Eldorado, São Paulo State , Brazil . Type material Holotype ( male ) BRAZIL • “ São Paulo . Eldorado . / Parque Estadual Caverna do / Diabo . 12.VII.2013 559m . / 24°38ʹ00.7ʺ S 048°24ʹ32.7ʺ W / Thiago Polizei & Lucas Costa leg. // MZSP31444”; MZSP31444 . Fig. 6. Spanglerelmis xiririca Polizei & Bispo gen. et sp. nov. under scanning electron microscope, ♀ (MZSP31480). Dorsal view. A . Habitus. B . Middle leg (arrows showing the pattern of tomentum on femur). C . Pronotum. D . Elytra. Scale bars: A = 0.2 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. Paratypes BRAZIL • 7 specs ; “ São Paulo . Eldorado. / Parque Estadual Caverna do / Diabo . 12.VII.2013 559m . / 24°38ʹ00.7ʺ S 048°24ʹ32.7ʺ W / Thiago Polizei & Lucas Costa leg. ( 5 in MZSP , 1 in USNM , 1 in NHMUK )”; MZSP 31445–31449 • 4 specs ; “ São Paulo . Eldorado. / Parque Estadual Caverna do / Diabo . 13.VII.2013 452m . / 24°38'22.9ʺ S 048°24'01.3ʺ W / Thiago Polizei & Lucas Costa leg. ( 2 in MZSP , 1 in USNM , 1 in NHMUK ), ( MZSP 31450–31451 )” • 1 spec. ; “ São Paulo . Echaporã / Área de Proteção Ambiental – APA . / 28.VIII. 2013 . 565m. / 22º25ʹ06.9ʺ S 050º12ʹ0.9ʺ W / Thiago Polizei & Lucas Costa leg. //”; MZSP31452 • 12 specs ; “ São Paulo . Ribeirão Grande. / Parque Estadual Intervales. Ribeirão / Água Comprida. 16.X.1999 / 24°17ʹ38ʺ S 048°25ʹ04ʺ W / Pitágoras C. Bispo leg. ( 12 in MZSP )”; MZSP 31453–31464 • 11 specs ; “ São Paulo . Ribeirão Grande. / Parque Estadual Intervales. Ribeirão / Mirante. 27.VI. 1999 . 820m. / 24°16ʹ34ʺ S 048°25ʹ02ʺ W / Pitágoras C. Bispo leg. ( 11 in MZSP )”; MZSP 31469–31479 • 9 specs ; “ São Paulo . Ribeirão Grande. / Parque Estadual Intervales. Ribeirão / Bocaína. 20.V. 2000 . 760m. / 24°16ʹ13ʺ S 048°27ʹ09ʺ W / Pitágoras C. Bispo leg. ( 9 in MZSP ) (3 used under SEM )”; MZSP 31480–31488 • 51 specs ; “ São Paulo . Ribeirão Grande. / Parque Estadual Intervales. Ribeirão / Roda d’Água. 16.VII. 1999 . 760m. / 24°16ʹ16ʺ S 048°25ʹ31ʺ W / Pitágoras C. Bispo leg. ( 31 in MZSP , 10 in USNM , 10 in NHMUK )”; MZSP 31489–31519 • 1 spec. “SP: Ribeirão / Grande-Faz.Intervales / G.C. Froehlich & C.M. / Polegatto col. // Córrego Roda / d’Água 16.II.1993 / C.G.F. & C.M.P. //”; MZSP 36563 • 1 spec. ;“SP: Rib.Grande / Faz. Intervales - Rib. / Água Comprida / 09.XI.1983 Froehlich / & Paprocki col. // MZSP 36561”; MZSP 36561 • 6 specs ; “ São Paulo . Campos do / Jordão . Parque Estadual Campos / do Jordão . Riacho Galharada . / 16.V. 2005 . 1912m. M.Segura leg. / 22°43ʹ07ʺ S 45°27ʹ26ʺ W // Coleção Laboratório de Entomologia / Aquática – UFSCar. / Doado do MZSP em X.2008 pela Profª / Dra. Lívia Fusari. ( 6 in MZSP )”; MZSP 41691–41696 • 1 spec. ; “ São Paulo . Campos do / Jordão . Parque Estadual Campos / do Jordão . Riacho Campo do / Meio. 18.V.2005 . M.Segura leg. / 1580m . 22°41ʹ53ʺ S 45°29ʹ02ʺ W // Coleção Laboratório de Entomologia / Aquática – UFSCar. / Doado do MZSP em X.2008 pela Profª / Dra. Lívia Fusari. // MZSP 43718”; MZSP 43718 . Description HEAD ( Figs 6A , 7A, C , 8 ). Partially retractable ( Figs 8B , 9B ); dorsal surface with punctures distanced from each other by the equivalent of their own diameters and covered by setae, without impressions. Eyes protruding laterally ( Fig. 8A ). Antennae with each antennomere with few, very short and thin setae on apex ( Fig. 8A ). Frontoclypeal suture arcuate. Clypeus broad; ornamented as the other parts of head; anterolateral corners rounded, with long setae; anterior margin convex. Labrum ( Figs 3A , 8A ) subrectangular, covered by long and thin setae; anterolateral margin rounded; anterior margin almost straight. Mandibles ( Fig. 3B ) symmetrical, subtriangular; apex gradually curved mesad, with three apical teeth; posterolateral lobe visible in dorsal view; mandible with a lateroventral stout seta and a row of thin and long setae below the posterolateral lobe; molar region with several transverse carinae; prostheca membranous, forming several lobes on apex and with thin setae on middle. Maxillary ( Figs 3C , 8A ) cardo elongate; stipes subtriangular and divided; palpifer present, subtriangular; maxillary palpus four segmented, palpomeres I–III covered by few setae on apex; apical palpomere subequal in length to the three preceding combined, with a circular row of setae on middle ( Fig. 8A ), truncate apically, with apical sensory field; galea palpiform, 2 segmented, apical segment 2× as long as the basal, with a row of long setae on posterolateral margin; lacinia subrectangular, with mesal stout setae and a fringe of long and thin setae on apex. Labial ( Figs 3D , 8A ) mentum flat, slightly transverse, anterior margin straight, with stout setae, especially on anterolateral margin; submentum arcuate, converging anteriorly, anterior angles strongly acute and protruding; labial palpus 3 segmented ( Fig. 8A ); palpomere II with few setae on apex, apical palpomere subequal in length to the two preceding combined, with a circular row of setae on middle, apex with sensorial peg-like setae; ligula ( Figs 3D , 8A ) slightly sclerotized, almost as long as wide, subdivided apically, with stout cone-like setae and few long, thin setae on disc. Gena covered by tomentum. Fig. 7. Spanglerelmis xiririca Polizei & Bispo gen. et sp. nov. under scanning electron microscope, ♀ (MZSP31481). Ventral view. A . Habitus. B . Hind leg (arrow showing the pattern of tomentum on femur). C . Prosternum and mesoventrite. D . Metaventrite and abdominal ventrites I–II. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. THORAX ( Figs 2 , 6–8B ). Pronotum ( Figs 2A , 6A, C , 8B ) as long as wide; anterior margin slightly arcuate; lateral margins arcuate and slightly crenulated; posterior and anterior angles acute; posterior margin smooth with two prescutellar fovea; surface with punctures distanced from each other by the equivalent of one or two times their own diameter, without transverse, longitudinal or oblique impressions, sulci or gibbosities ( Fig. 6C ); sublateral carinae sinuous, reaching the anterior and posterior margin, converging toward the apex. Scutellum rounded, covered by few setae. Elytra ( Figs 2A , 6A, D ) longer than wide; almost as wide as pronotum; moderately convex dorsally ( Fig. 8B ); anterior margins smooth; lateral margins moderately explanate; apices rounded ( Fig. 6D ); humeri rounded; elytra strongly striate-punctate and with rows of thin setae between the punctures ( Figs 2A , 6A, D ); carinae on intervals III, V and VI, extending 1/5 of the elytral length on the third interval, ¾ of the elytral length on the fifth interval, and 4/5 of the elytral length on the sixth interval ( Fig. 6A, D ). Epipleura narrow, anteriorly wider; glabrous, without tomentum or row of granules ( Figs 2B , 7–8B ); posteriorly at least partly concealed by produced lateral margins of the abdominal ventrites ( Fig. 7A ). Metathoracic wings ( Fig. 3E ) micropterous, costal and subcostal veins fused near the sclerites, radial cell incomplete, median vein not reaching the margin, anal region with a single vein; apical region with two distinctly pigmented stripes; apical margin with a row of short and thin setae. Hypomeron narrow, posteriorly wider than anteriorly; with a belt of tomentum near the suture ( Fig. 7C ). Prosternal disc with a pair of carinae reaching the posterior half ( Figs 2B , 7A, C ). Prosternal process ( Figs 2B , 7A, C , 9B ) slightly narrow, lateral margins converging posteriorly, apex rounded. Proepimeron and proepisternon are covered by tomentum. Mesoventrite with a mesoventral cavity to receive the prosternal process; sides strongly raised ( Figs 2B , 7A, C ); mesoepimeron covered by tomentum. Metaventrite ( Figs 2B , 7B, D , 8B ) longer than mesoventrite, with strong longitudinal medial depression ( Fig. 8B ); discrimen conspicuous, reaching the anterior and posterior margins ( Fig. 2B ), with lateral region covered by tomentum. Legs ( Figs 2 , 6A–B , 7 , 8B ) redbrown. Femora narrowed at the distal margin, 4× as long as wide; proximal half ventrally covered by tomentum ( Figs 2B , 7B ), dorsally covered by an oblique belt of tomentum ( Figs 2A , 6A–B ). Tibiae thin, 6× as long as wide; with two fringes of tomentum on distal 2/3 of pro and mesotibiae and a single fringe on metatibia; with a row of spines on distal half of protibia. Tarsus ( Figs 2B , 6A–B , 7–8B ) elongated; with short setae on ventral surface of each tarsomere; apical tarsomere as long as the four-preceding combined. Claws simple and large. ABDOMEN. Five ventrites ( Figs 2B , 4 , 7A–B, D , 8B ); strongly convex in cross-section, with punctures separated by 3× their own diameters, scattered setae in the lateral region; ventrite 1 with a complete pair of carinae on disc; disc of ventrites 1–4 glabrous, punctured, with scattered setae, laterally densely covered by tomentum ( Figs 2B , 7B , 8B , 9B ); ventrite 5 completely and densely covered by tomentum, strongly emarginate laterally and rounded posteriorly. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 4A ) widely rounded; anterior margin slightly sinuous and with a basal projection moderately longer than the remainder of sternite; posterolateral margins with long setae; surface with some setae on lateral region and short, thin spines on the disc. Tergite VIII ( Fig. 4B ) almost as long as wide; widely rounded posteriorly; anterior margin slightly arcuate; surface with setae and short, thin spines; posterior margin with long setae. Segment IX ( Fig. 4C ) forming an asymmetrical genital capsule surrounding the aedeagus; anterior portion forming a median, long strut; distal portion semitubular, punctured on apex. MALE GENITALIA ( Fig. 4D–F ). Symmetrical, robust, very sclerotized. Phallobase tubular, very long, 2.5× as long as penis; slightly curved in lateral view ( Fig. 4D ); approximately 4× as long as wide. Parameres narrowed towards the apex and covering ¾ of penis; 5× as long as wide; with sensorial pores. Penis 1.2× as long as parameres, 3× as long as wide at the base, slightly narrowed towards the apex, with a deep median depression near the apex; apex with long thin setae ( Fig. 4F ); fibula approximately the length of the penis. Fig. 8. Spanglerelmis xiririca Polizei & Bispo gen. et sp. nov. under scanning electron microscope, ♂. A . Head in ventral view (MZSP31481). B . Habitus in lateral view (MZSP31482). Scale bars: A = 0.02 mm; B = 0.1 mm. FEMALE ( Figs 5–7 ). External morphology similar to male, excepted for the absence of a row of spines on the distal half of protibiae; metaventrite with a slight longitudinal medial depression, discrimen barely visible in optical microscopy ( Fig. 7D ). Sternite VIII ( Fig. 5A ) almost 2× as wide as long; anterior margins sinuous; basal projection approximately 3× as long as remainder of sternite; posterolateral margins slightly emarginate; posterior margin sinuous and with setae; disc surface covered with short setae and spines. Tergite VIII ( Fig. 5B ) subtriangular; anterolateral margin emarginate and posterior margin arcuate; surface with setae on ⅔ posterior and spines on ⅓ anterior. FEMALE GENITALIA ( Fig. 5C ). Ovipositor symmetrical. Valvifer membranous, approximately as long as coxites, parallel; baculus sclerotized, bar-like. Coxites wider at base, narrowed at apex, divergent, divided by a transverse line; apical coxite 1.5× as long as basal; apex with stout setae; surface with micropunctures, without setae. Styli slightly curved and divergent; apical portion rounded, with a seta. Intraspecific variation This species varies slightly in size, from 2.30–2.34 mm long, maximum width 0.86–0.88 mm (n = 10).