Taxonomy and nomenclature of Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae) Author Castello, Ana Carolina Devides 0000-0002-8730-8264 Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Naturais, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, CEP 38302 - 192, Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil ana. castello @ uemg. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8730 - 8264 & Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, CEP 13083 - 862, Cidade Universitaìria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil ana.castello@uemg.br Author Pereira, Andreza Stephanie De Souza Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas & Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Unidade Tapajós, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará - UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz s. n., CEP 68040 - 255, Santarém, PA, Brazil Author Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, CEP 13083 - 862, Cidade Universitaìria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil Author Zuntini, Alexandre Rizzo Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, CEP 13083 - 862, Cidade Universitaìria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil & Royal Botanic Gardens - Kew, Kew Green, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AE, U. K. Author Simões, André Olmos Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, CEP 13083 - 862, Cidade Universitaìria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil Author Koch, Ingrid Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, CEP 13083 - 862, Cidade Universitaìria Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-11-04 571 3 239 277 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.571.3.1 journal article 180421 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.3.1 2f0bde50-8a71-4f78-85a9-3a3b477c2590 1179-3163 7284667 Aspidosperma compactinervium Kuhlm., Anais Reunião Sul-Amer. Bot. 3: 87. 1940. Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 172. 1951 ; second-step lectotype designated here ):— BRAZIL . Rio de Janeiro : Avellar , Mar1933 , G.M.Nunes s.n. [ Nunes [26972],Serviço de Reflorestamento da E.F.C.Brasil] ( RB [barcode 00535027 !]; isolectotypes: MO [barcode MO-2958573 image!], R [barcode R000026972!]). = Aspidosperma pruinosum Markgr. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 15(1): 132. 1940. Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 172. 1951 ; second-step lectotype designated here ):— BRAZIL . Rio de Janeiro : Tijuca , 19 Oct 1880 , A. Glaziou 12076 (K [barcode K000587686 image!]; isolectotypes: BR [barcode 0000005783274 image!], C [barcode C10023144 image!, barcode C10023145 image!], P [barcode P00645109 image!, barcode P00645110 image!, barcode P00645111 image!]), syn. nov . Notes —Kuhlmann presented the species A . compactivervium at the first South-American Botanical Meeting ( October 12–19 th , 1938 ). Still, this name was officially published in 1940 in the third volume of the “Anais da Primeira Reunião Sul-Americana de Botânica” ( Kuhlmann 1940 ). That same year, Markgraf (1940) published the name A . pruinosum , which we believe is the same taxon of A . compactivervium . However, despite our search, we could not determine which of these two names was first published. Thus, we adopted here the name most commonly applied for the taxon, i.e., A . compactivervium . Among the three gatherings mentioned in the protologue of A . compactinervium by Kuhlmann (1940) , Woodson (1951) cited “Nuñes 26972” ( Nunes s.n. , herbarium R No. 26972) as the type. However, since this gathering has more than one specimen , it was necessary to narrow Woodson’s (1951) typification electing as the second-step lectotype of A . compactinervium a material from a Brazilian herbarium (RB barcode 00535027) (ICN article 9.17; Turland et al. 2018 ). We did the same for A . pruinosum , as the gathering Glaziou 12076 chosen by Woodson (1951) from the two collections presented by Markgraf (1940) also has more than one specimen . Therefore, we selected the material with flowers and follicles as the second-step lectotype of A . pruinosum (K barcode K000587686) (ICN article 9.17; Turland et al. 2018 ). Woodson (1951) synonymized A . compactinervium and A . pruinosum under “ A . eburneum ”. However, we observed that “ A . eburneum ”, in addition to not being validly published, corresponds to A . olivaceum Müll.Arg. (see the species notes). In our study, we consider A . pruinosum a synonym of A . compactinervium since their diagnostic features overlap, such as the leaves with brochidodromous venation and numerous secondary veins (ca. 30–34), flowers with glabrous ovary, and verrucose follicles.