A new species of the genus Rachicerus Walker (Diptera: Xylophagidae), with notes on Messias Carrera’s 1940 and 1945 types housed in Museu de Zoologia Universidade de São Paulo and in Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Author Pujol-Luz, José Roberto Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, DF, Brazil text Zootaxa 2019 2019-09-09 4668 1 126 134 journal article 21148 10.11646/zootaxa.4668.1.8 4f16c194-d6c7-4e57-bb9c-60673b0af410 1175-5326 3998560 E6B8E8A5-A05B-465C-8F61-D04C5B6C06C3 Rachicerus carrerai , new species ( Figs. 14–19 , 20–21 ) Type material . The male HOLOTYPE male is housed in the Coleção Entomológica do Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Brasília ( DZUB ), Brasília-DF, Brazil , and labeled: BRAZIL , AM [Amazonas], Manaus ; Estrada ZF-2, 01. xi. 2005 ; arm[adilha de] luz móvel [white label]/ J.A. Rafael , F.F. Xavier Fo [Filho]. Machado, A.A . Agudelo; & Y.K. Dantas [white label]/Holótipo [red label]/UNB012417 [white label]. The specimen is in good condition; its left wing was removed and is preserved in a microvial on the specimen pin. Complementary material . PARATYPE male, labeled: BRAZIL , MS [ Mato Grosso do Sul ], Bodoquena, S 20 o 41’ 55,9” W 56 o 52’ 99,4” ; SISBIOTA; CNPq/FAPESP, Malaise 06; 06-21.i.2012 ; Lamas , Nihei & eq. col. [white label]/ Parátipo [green label]/UNB012633 [white label], specimen in excellent condition preserved in a pin; PARATYPE male, labeled: COLOMBIA , Chocó PNN Los Katíos ; Centro Administrativo Sautatá ; Afuerta del Bosque N 7 o 51’ W 77 o 8’ ; 30m Malaise 4 29.v. 13.vi.2003 ; P. López Leg. M.3757 [white label] / Parátipo [green label], specimen is in excellent condition preserved in alcohol . Etymology : This name is given in homage to Professor Messias Carrera, for his contributions and illustrious career in Brazilian entomology. FIGURES 14–19 . Rachicerus carrerai sp.nov. (male holotype) Brazil, 14. Habitus (frontal view); 15. Head (fronto-lateral view); 16. Head and antennas (ventral view); 17. Habitus (dorsal view); 18. Habitus (lateral view); 19. Wing (left). Abbreviations: A1+CuA2 , first anal vein + second anterior branch of cubital vein; d , discal cell; h , humeral crossvein; M1 , first branch of media; M2 , second branch of media; M3+CuA1 , third branch of media+first anterior branch of cubital vein; m3 , third medial cell; R1 , anterior branch of radius; R2+3 , second branch of radius; R4 , upper branch of third branch of radius; R5 , lower branch of third branch of radius; Rs , radial sector; Sc , subcostal vein. Geographical distribution . BRAZIL , Amazonas , Mato Grosso do Sul , COLOMBIA , Chocó. Diagnosis . Rachicerus carrerai sp. nov. is distinguished by the antenna with bipectinate flagellomeres, the orange color of the thorax and the brightly metallic blue color of abdomen. Measurements: body length: 5 mm ; antenna: 1,5 mm ; number of antennal flagellomeres: 19; wings: 3,8 mm . FIGURES 20–23 . Rachicerus carrerai sp.nov. (male holotype) Brazil, 20. Antenna (dorsal view); 21. Antenna (lateral view); Lophyrophorus flabellatus Meunier , 22. Head (dorso-lateral view), Hennig, 1967: 8 , fig 2; 23. Antenna (lateral view), Hennig, 1967: 9 , fig 4. FIGURES 24–29 . Rachicerus carrerai sp.nov. (male paratype) Brazil, 24. Head (frontal view); 25. Habitus (dorsal view); 26. Habitus (lateral view). Rachicerus carrerai sp.nov . (male paratype) Colombia, 27. Head (dorsal view); 28. Habitus (dorsal view); 29. Habitus (lateral view). Head : hemispherical; frontal plate large and depressed, with small whitish setae in inferior margin ( Figs 14– 15 ); fronto-orbital plate with the lateral margin with a triangular expansion into the compound eyes. Compound eyes dichoptic, reniform and bare ( Fig. 15 ); vertex with ocellar triangle developed, black; ocellus brownish-yellow. Occiput well developed and very pilose ( Fig. 15 ). Palps yellowish ( Fig. 16 ), club-like and 2-segmented. Labellum yellowish ( Fig. 16 ), membranous with elongate setae. Antenna elongate more than two times greater than the width of the head (Figs, 16–19), with 19 flagellomeres bipectinate (20–21), flagellomeres 1 st to 18 th bipectinate, 19 th single ( Figs. 20–21 ), the external pecten yelowish and elongate, the internal pecten brownish and shorter than the external pecten. Thorax : predominantly brightly orange and pilose, scutellum brightly metallic blue to black and pilose ( Figs. 17–18 ), halters brownish. Legs : coxae, trochanters and anterior half of femurs whitish, ½ posterior of femurs and tibiae brownish black, tibial spurs 1:2:2; tarsus whitish, empodia pulvilliform. Wings : hyaline, pterostigma inconspicuous, halters brownish-yellow, venation as Figure 19 , similar to Rachicerus patterns, except: M2 interrupted before the wing margin, cells d and m3 short, veins M3+CuA1 and A1+CuA2 strongly petiolate. Abdomen : entirely metallic dark blue to black, with dense whitish pilosity; terminalia conical. Paratypes variation: The male specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul , Brazil ( Figs. 24–26 ), shows a dark blue stripe going from the the anterior margin of the thorax to the extanded semi-circle spot before the scutellum ( Figs. 25–26 ). The male specimen from Chocó , Colombia ( Figs. 27–29 ) was preserved in alcohol and, has a paler and discolored appearance. The strong colors of the specimens preserved dry, are not so clear .