Four new species of Estheria Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) from China and Nepal, with a review of the East Palearctic and Oriental species Author Zhang, Chun-Tian Author Shima, Hiroshi Author Liang, Hou-Can Author Li, He-Nan text Zootaxa 2019 2019-05-08 4603 1 1 38 journal article 26817 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.1.1 8c3d903d-6d82-45d1-a1c0-b29f5b97d0c1 1175-5326 2841928 8A6746BE-616B-4FEC-AA37-E274F8508255 Estheria pallicornis ( Loew, 1873 ) ( Figs 11 , 23 , 35 , 47 , 63 , 72 , 89 , 102 , 117 ) Dinera pallicornis Loew, 1873 : 237 . Type locality: Uzbekistan or Tajikistan , Zarafshon Valley [as “ Sarawschan-Thal ”]. Type (s), male ( 1 in ZMHB, J. Ziegler , pers. comm.), not examined. References : Kolomiets (1973 : 98 ; key and description); Crosskey (1976 : 180; Oriental catalog); Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993 : 364; Palearctic catalog); Cerretti & Tschorsnig (2012 : 273, 284; species and key); Zhang et al . (2013 : 139; checklist). Dolichodexia rufipes Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 : 118 and 167 (key). Type locality: Turkey , Amasya . Dolichodexia albipila Mesnil, 1963 : 54 . Type locality: Tajikstan, Khorog. Reference: Kolomiets (1973 : 97 ). Diagnosis. Prementum short; antennae, palpi and legs reddish-yellow; pleura, postpronotal lobes, coxae and base of abdomen ventrally with dense pale hairs; veins M and R 4+5 merged to form a short petiole. Redescription. Body length: 8.8–14.3 mm . Male. Head covered with grayish-white pruinosity, frontal vitta dark brown, lunule and arista brown; antenna, palpus, prementum and labella reddish-yellow. Frons 0.1–0.12 of head width, widened anteriorly; frontal vitta narrower than fronto-orbital plate at middle, latter with some fine black hairs; parafacial bare, 3–3.5 times as wide as 1 st flagellomere ; facial carina low and indistinct; gena as long as palpus or antenna, 0.42–0.57 of eye height; lower margin of face not protruding forward. Fronto-orbital plate with short pale and dark hairs, parafacial bare; inner vertical seta 0.3–0.4 of eye height, shorter than ocellar seta; outer vertical seta hair-like; 10–11 frontal setae; orbital seta absent; ocellar seta longer than upper frontal seta; vibrissa inserted above lower margin of face; a row of subvibrissa below vibrissa; upper occiput without black hairs behind postocular setae. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by more than length of antenna, 1 st flagellomere 1.5–2 times as long as pedicel; arista, including plumosity, 3–4 times as wide as first flagellomere; palpus about as long as 1 st flagellomere ; prementum short, about twice as long as wide or as long as palpus. Thorax brown to dark brown, with yellowish-gray pruinosity; scutellum dark brown, with gray-white pruinosity; postprontal lobe dark brown; pleura with gray pruinosity; anterior and posterior spiracles reddishyellow. Dorsum with 4 longitudinal black vittae extending back to anterior half of postsutural scutum, narrower inner vitta 1/3–1/4 width of pruinose portion between inner and outer vittae; dorsum with black hairs except for pale white hairs on anterior and outer-lateral postprontal lobe; pleura with dense pale hairs, without black hairs. Prosternum bare, about 1.5 times as long as wide; proepisternum bare; postpronotal lobe with 4–5 setae, 3 of which nearly in a straight line; 2–3 presutural and 3 postsutural acrostichal setae; 3 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae; 3 postsutural intra-alar setae; prealar setae weak, 2 supra-alar setae [ 1 male from Pakistan with 3–5 supra-alar setae]; 3 katepisternal setae; katepimeron hairy; posterior lappet of posterior spiracle circular; 3 pairs of marginal scutellar setae and 1 pair of discal scutellar setae. Wing hyaline, brownish; tegula and basicosta dark brown; halter reddish-yellow. Calypters yellowish-white; lower calypter with short fringe on outer margin. Costal spine absent; second costal sector bare ventrally, relative length of 2nd, 3rd and 4th costal sectors approximately 1.2:2.5:1; bend of vein M distinctly more than right-angled [specimens from China ] or nearly rightangled [specimens from Pakistan ]; vein M from crossvein dM-Cu to bend about 3/4 times as long as distance between bend and wing margin, with an appendage longer than crossvein r-m; vein M merged with vein R 4+5 to form a short petiole. Legs with femora brown-yellow except for ventral apex with grayish-white pruinosity, tibiae reddish-yellow, tarsi dark brown, pulvilli yellowish; coxae and ventral surface of femora with pale yellowish hairs. Fore tibia with 3–5 very short anterodorsal setae on basal 1/2 and 2 median posterior setae; fore claws and pulvilli slightly longer than 5th tarsomere; mid tibia with 1 anteroventral, 1 anterodorsal and 2 posterodorsal setae; hind tibia with 2 anteroventral, 3–4 anterodorsal and 2–3 posterodorsal setae, 1 apical anteroventral and 2 apical dorsal setae. Abdomen long-ovate, black, covered with yellowish-gray pruinosity, dark brown on posterior margin around setae, with pale long hairs on ventral surface at base; syntergite 1+2 medially excavated to posterior margin, with 1 lateral marginal seta, without median marginal setae; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal setae, 1–2 lateral marginal setae, and 2 median discal setae; tergite 4 with a row of marginal setae and 2 median discal setae; tergite 5 with a row of marginal setae and many discal setae. Sternites with erect pale white hairs. Male terminalia ( Figs. 11 , 23 , 35 , 47 ). Posterior lobe of sternite 5 wide and bluntly rounded, V-shaped median cleft deep and wide. Surstylus short, bluntly round at apex; cerci separated, long, narrow and pointed apically; basiphallus about as long as postgonite; distiphallus long and slender, membranous apical part about 1/3 as long as sclerotized basal part; ejaculatory apodeme small. Female. As male, except as follows: postprontal lobe reddish brown, scutellum brown, with grayish-white pruinosity; legs yellow including coxae and tarsi; pulvilli yellowish, claws reddish-yellow on basal half and brown to dark in apical half; abdomen with grayish-white pruinosity, tergites 3 to 5 black along posterior margin. Frons 0.38–0.39 of head width; frontal vitta about as wide as fronto-orbital plate; parafacial about 4 times as wide as 1st flagellomere; gena 0.42–0.57 of eye height; inner vertical seta stronger than ocellar setae; outer vertical seta about 3/5 as long as inner vertical seta; 7 inclinate frontal setae, about as long as ocellar setae; 2 strong proclinate orbital setae and 1 lateroclinate prevertical seta. Fore claws and pulvilli shorter than 5th tarsomere; mid tibia with 1–2 anterodorsal setae; hind tibia with 2–4 anterodorsal setae. Abdomen ovate, without median discal setae on tergites 3 to 5. Material examined. China , Beijing : 2 ♂♂ , Mt. Baihua , 1170–1520 m , 24.VIII.1963 , S.-Y. Wang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 2 ♂♂ , Wofosi , 5.X.1971 , J.-M. Chao leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♂ , Badaling , 3.IX.1980 , E.-Y. Liang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 12 ♂♂ , 32 ♀♀ , Xiatougou , 6–12.X.1982 , Z.-C. Su leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , Mentougou , 4–6.IX.1976 , F.-S. Li leg. ( CAU ) ; 1 ♀ , Mentougou , 8.VIII.2008 , T. Wang leg. ( CAU ) . Hebei : 2 ♂♂ , Xiaowutai Mountains , Beitai-Tatou , 1200–2400 m , 14–22.VIII.1964 , C. Wang & Y.-H. Han leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♂ , same data as previous except VIII.1980 ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♂ , same data as previous except 26.VI.2009 , C. Fu leg. ( SYNU ) . Inner Mongolia : 1 ♂ , Jining , Slope, Hardwood, 1.VIII.1971 , Y.-S. Shi leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♂ , Xi Ujimqin Qi , Grassland, 6.VIII.1971 , Y.-S. Shi leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♀ , Tumuertai , 12.VIII.1979 , Y.-S. Shi leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♀ , Zhungeer , 18.VIII.2008 , F.-Y. Yang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 4 ♂♂ , 4 ♀♀ , Alashanzuo Qi , Helan Mountains , Halawu , 2200–2800 m , 25.VII–6.VIII.2010 , S.-D. Wang & Z. Zhao leg. ( SYNU ) ; 5 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ , Helanshan , Xiangchizi , 2000–2500 m , 6–7.VIII.2011 , H. Lin & C. Tan leg. ( SYNU ) ; 7 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ , Baotou , Shala Qi , Goumen , 17.VIII.2015 and 2.?.2015, A.-P. Liu leg. ( IGRCAAS ) ; 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ , Hohhot , Wuchuan , Daqingshan , Shierdeng Village , 16–21.?.2017, D.-H. Wang leg. ( IMAU ) . Shanxi : 4 ♀♀ , Pinglu , Xiashuitou , 2.IX.1979 , M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 11 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ , Guangling , Shangbaiyang , 9.VIII.1980 , M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 8 ♂♂ , Shanyin , Xialakou , 11.VII.1982 , M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 11 ♂♂ , Yangquan , Shanyin , Shangqiu , 12.VII.1982 , M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 1 ♂ , Guangling , Xianglutai , 19.VII.1985 , M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) ; 1 ♂ , Zuoquan , 12.VI.1999 , M.-F. Wang leg. ( SYNU ) . Ningxia : 1 ♂ , Jingyuan , Helan Mountains , Xixia Forestry Center , 2000 m , 11.VII.2008 , Z.-Y. Yao leg. ( SYNU ) . Xinjiang : 1 ♂ , Zhaosu , 1630 m , 11.VIII.1957 , H. Wang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 2 ♂♂ , same data as previous except 15.VI.1959 , S.-Y. Wang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♀ , Burjin , 480 m , 18.VII.1960 , S.-Y. Wang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 2 ♂♂ , 7 ♀♀ , Manasi , 400–900 m , 9.VI.1963 , S.-Y. Wang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♀ , Manasi , 9.VII.1967 , C.-P. Hong leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♂ , Zhaosu , Xiata , 1950 m , 18.VII.1978 , X.-Z. Zhang leg. ( IZCAS ) ; 1 ♂ , Hanasi Lake , 15.VII.1980 , X.-W. Liu leg. ( SEMCAS ) ; 24 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ , Shule , 1280 m , 10–22.V.2007 , M.-L. Sheng leg. ( GSFPM ) ; 1 ♀ , Nalati , 6.VIII.2007 , S. Huo leg. ( GSFPM ) . Nepal : 1 ♀ , Phulchouki , 2500 m , 1.XI.1992 , M. Iwasa leg. ( BLKU ) . Pakistan : 1 ♂ , Swat Ushu , 2000 m , 10 km N of Kalam , 10.VIII.1987 , H. Kurahashi leg. ( BLKU ) ; 1 ♀ , Kalan , 90 km N of Mingola , 10.VIII.1987 , K. Kanmiya leg. ( BLKU ) ; 1 ♀ , 6 km N of Gilgit , 27.VII.1987 , K. Kanmiya leg. ( BLKU ) ; 1 ♀ , Ultar gracier, Hunza , 2500 m , 31.VII.1987 , S. Shinonaga leg. ( BLKU ) ; 1 ♀ , Punjab , Fort Munro , 3.IX.1988 , M. Iwasa leg. ( BLKU ) ; 2 ♀♀ , Baluchistan , Ziarat , 17.IX.1988 , M. Iwasa leg. ( BLKU ) ; 2 ♀♀ , NWF Prov ., Hopel nr Gakuch , 1900 m , 6.VII.1989 , H. Kurahashi leg. ( BLKU ) . Distribution. Afghanistan , China ( Beijing , Hebei , Inner Mongolia , Ningxia , Shanxi , Xinjiang ), Greece , India , Iran , Kyrgyzstan , Mongolia , Nepal *, Pakistan , Russia (W and E Siberia), Tajikstan, Transcaucasia, Turkey , Uzbekstan. Hosts. Scarabaeidae : Amphimallon solstitiale (Linnaeus) , Brahmina agnella (Faldermann) , Lasiopsis henningi (Fischer) , Melolontha hippocastani Fabricius and Mimela holosericea (Fabricius) ( Tschorsnig 2017 : 342) . Remarks. This species is easily distinguished from other species of this genus in having prementum short, antenna, palpi and legs reddish-yellow, long and dense pale hairs on pleura, postpronotal lobe, coxae and ventral base of abdomen.