<p> <strong> A revision of Afrotropical Quasimodo flies (Diptera: Schizophora; Curtonotidae). Part IV — the continental Afrotropical species of <em> Curtonotum </ em> Macquart, with descriptions of thirteen new species and a combined phylogenetic analysis of the Curtonotidae </ strong> </ p> Author Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H. ashley.kirk-spriggs@nasmus.co.za Author Wiegmann, Brian M. ashley.kirk-spriggs@nasmus.co.za text Zootaxa 2013 2013-07-09 3684 1 1 166 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3684.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3684.1.1 1175-5326 5298914 E922034E-1247-400B-97F6-1778CF766B91 Curtonotum platyphallum Tsacas, 1977 Figs 111 , 135 , 165 , 171, 215, 220, 223, 227, 232, 233, 324. Curtonotum platyphallum : Tsacas, 1977: 157 ; figs 6 a–c, p. 158. Type locality: “ Liberia : Robertsport , Talla ”. Curtonotum platyphallum : Wirth and Tsacas (1980: 672) . Curtonotum platyphallum : Kirk-Spriggs (2008c: 251) . Redescription : Male (based on field-pinned HT and ♀ N-T). As described for C . marriott sp. n. (above), differing in the following respects: Measurements : Overall length unknown; 8.5 mm ( Tsacas 1977: 159 ); wing length 4.4 mm ( n = 1, HT). [Although detailed photographs were made beforehand, the unique holotype ♂ was returned to the AMNH prior to a full compliment of measurements having been formulated, measurements and ratios provided below are, therefore, from the single ♀ N-T specimen]: length of head and thorax combined 3.0 mm; length of thorax and scutellum combined 2.8 mm ( n = 1, ♀ N-T). FIGURES 191–202 . Male terminalia of Afrotropical Curtonotum spp. 191–193 . Sternite 6 (ventral view). 191 . C . herrero (N- T, Namibia, Amkarab 269, NMNW). 192 . C . maculiventris (N-T, Nigeria, River Bagel, NMWC). 193 . C . striatifrons (PT, Nigeria, Gadau, BMNH). 194–196 . Hypandrium and epandrium (lateral view). 194 . C . herrero (same). 195 . C . maculiventris (same). 196 . C . striatifrons (same). 197–199 . Phallus (right lateral view). 197 . C . herrero (same) [ejaculatory apodeme removed and illustrated dorsally]. 198 . C . maculiventris (same). 199 . C . striatifrons (same). 200–202 . Detail of distiphallus (ventral view). 200 . C . herrero (same). 201 . C . maculiventris (same). 202 . C . striatifrons (same). Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Head ( Figs 111 , 135 ). Eye height/length ratio: 12:8 ( n = 1, ♀ N-T); frons ( Fig. 135 ) length/width ratio: 7:10 ( n = 1, ♀ N-T); arista with 10 long dorsal branches and 3–4 ventral branches; face with narrow silver fascia (½ width between eye margin and ptilinal fissure), edge adjacent to ptilinal fissure coloured as on frons; 10 fine setae bordering genal groove; gena wide, eye height/genal height ratio: 12:2 ( n = 1, ♀ N-T). Thorax ( Fig. 111 ). Postpronotum with 22 fine black-brown setulae; anepisternum surface with 33 fine setulae, with 1 group of 3 longer in posterior corner; katepisternum with 19 short, fine setulae. Legs . Fore coxa with 18 brown setulae; mid-coxa with 7 black setulae; fore tibia with ctenidium of 14–15 black spinules. Wing ( Fig. 165 ). Dm–cu crossvein with even curve. Abdomen . Sternite 6 ( Fig. 220 ) long, narrow basally, expanded apically, with sides straight, with relatively deep, V-shaped apical excision, clothed in short black irregular brown setulae, those at apical margin longer and more prominent. Terminalia ( Figs 223, 227 ). Hypandrium ( Fig. 223 , hy ) with number of setulae proximal to postgonite unknown (obscured by epandrium on Fig. 223 ); postgonite ( pg ); epandrium ( ep ); cercus ( ce ); surstylus ( ss ) long; phallus (as in Fig. 227 , bp , dp ) [as the basal section of the phallus is missing from the unique male specimen (HT), the phallapodeme, basal section of basiphallus and ejaculatory apodeme cannot be described]; apical ½ of basiphallus ( bp ) with lateral margin finger-like, evenly-rounded extension and shallow, wide apical excision; distiphallus ( dp ) short, subdivided into unforked baso-ventral process ( bvp ) and straight apico-dorsal process. ♀ Similar to ♂ , except in the following respects: wing length 4.6 mm ( n = 1, N-T). Postabdomen as illustrated in Figs 232, 233 ; stermathecae as illustrated in Fig. 215 . Variation . As only 2 specimens are known, insufficient material is available to assess variability. Differential diagnosis . Curtonotum platyphallum sp. n. is mainly separable from its congeners, C . marriott sp. n. and C . moffatt sp. n. , on the form of the male terminalia, especially the shape of the distiphallus ( Figs 224–227 ) and of male sternite 6 ( Figs 218–220 ) (see above key for details). Given the degree of inter- and intraspecific variation in the shape of the spermatheca ( Fig. 215 ) in other species with obclavate spermathecae, it is unlikely that the shape of this structure has any value in distinguishing the species. Type material examined . LIBERIA : holotype ♂ , “Talla // Robertsport / Liberia 1943 / F. Snyder XI–13 [printed & handwritten] // HOLOTYPE [printed in bold; red card] // CURTONOTUM / pharyphal - / pum n. sp. / L. TSACAS DET. 1976 [printed & handwritten] // Curtonotum / platyphallum Tsacas, 1977 / A . H. Kirk-Spriggs vidit 2006” [head missing] ( AMNH ). In good condition, although head missing; direct-pinned; dissected, abdomen and terminalia in micro-vial pinned beneath specimen; phallapodeme and basal part of basiphallus missing . Additional material examined (labelled: “ Curtonotum platyphallum Tsacas, 1977 ♀ det. A.H. Kirk-Spriggs 2011 ”). LIBERIA : 1♀ , Liberia : 8 mi. NW Zorzor , 12.viii.1966 , E.S. Ross & K. Lorenzen ( CAS ) . Distribution . Endemic to Liberia ( Fig. 324 ). The two records indicate that the species is restricted to the western Guineo-Congolian rainforests and coastal habitats of Liberia . Pending additional records the distribution is probably best interpreted as transitional between the Guineo-Congolian rainforest and savanna ( e . g ., White and Werger 1978 ; Kirk-Spriggs 2003 ). Bionomics . Occurring in Guinean Mangroves and Western Guinean Lowland Forest habitat types ; in Mangroves and Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests vegetation types (Appendix III ) .