Deep-sea Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) collected during the TALUD cruises in western Mexico
Author
Granja-Fernández, Rebeca
0000-0001-7119-0567
beckygranja@gmail.com
Author
Hendrickx, Michel E.
0000-0001-9187-6080
michel@ola.icmyl.unam.mx
Author
Rangel-Solís, Pedro Diego
0009-0008-8478-0679
olis@gmail.com
Author
López-Pérez, Andrés
0000-0001-7119-0567
beckygranja@gmail.com
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-04-03
5259
1
1
71
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5259.1.1
journal article
56236
10.11646/zootaxa.5259.1.1
e2c999aa-4046-4fc1-a351-158efbf234cb
1175-5326
7794984
4306F52E-FD24-45B0-B307-66B71173D805
Asteronyx longifissus
Döderlein, 1927
Fig. 1A‒F
Asteronyx longifissus
Döderlein, 1927: 65‒68
, pl. 7, figs. 1‒3.— A.M.
Clark 1965: 68
.—
Hendler 1996: 123‒125
, fig 7.2; 2018: 194‒198, fig. 1.
Material examined
. 164 individuals at five stations.
TALUD VIII
, Sta. 11, 2 ind. (ICML-EMU-11108); Sta. 20, 1 ind. (ICML-EMU-11095).
TALUD XV
, Sta. 20, 159 ind. (ICML-EMU-11098); Sta. 23, 1 ind. (ICML-EMU-11109); Sta. 24, 1 ind. (ICML-EMU-11699).
Comparative material.
Syntypes
, 324 ind.:
USNM
E4061
,
USNM
E4067
,
USNM
E4069
,
USNM
E4076
,
USNM
E4081
,
USNM
E4096
,
USNM
E4109
,
USNM
E4112
,
USNM
E4117
,
USNM
E4118
,
USNM
E4120
,
USNM
E4121
,
USNM
E4242
,
USNM
E4246
(Supplementary file 2)
.
Description
(ICML-EMU-11699). DD =
16 mm
. Disc pentagonal, flat, indented interradially. Dorsal disc with thickened skin, lacking scales. RS multilayered, very prominent distally, almost reaching the center of the disc (
Fig. 1A
). Ventral interradii entirely covered by integument with some granule-shaped epidermal ossicles proximally. Genital slits oval, restricted to middle-distal part, elongate, covering approximately 3/4 of the interradius (
Fig. 1B
). OSh broader than long, rounded triangular. Madreporite not evident. AdSh broader than long, rectangular with rounded edges, separated by integument. Jaws bearing 8‒9 papillae at each side; OPa 4‒5, spiniform, elongated, separated; TPa four at jaw tips, spiniform, larger than OPa, separated. Teeth several, similar to TPa (
Fig. 1C
). Arms entirely covered by integument, coiled, gradually narrowing distally (
Fig. 1D
). LAP located on the ventral lateral side of vertebrae, short and rounded, prominent (
Fig. 1E
). First and second tentacle pores outside the mouth lacking ArSp; third to eight pores with one ArSp with serrated tip; subsequent pores with 2‒3 ArSp, hook-shaped, serrated, gradually reaching up to six in the middle of the arm; distal tentacle pores with four ArSp, ventralmost ArSp elongated. TSc lacking (
Fig. 1E
). Color pattern yellowish-brown (ethanol preservation) (
Fig. 1A‒F
).
Habitat and distribution.
From
Oregon
,
USA
, to Northern Mexico; 265‒
1,800 m
depth (
Döderlein 1927
;
Maluf 1988
; see Remarks). Associated with sea pens (
Duffy
et al.
2014
). The material examined was collected off western Baja
California
Sur and in the
southern Gulf of
California
; 530‒
1,150 m
depth.
Remarks.
Examination of the TALUD specimens and the
type
material of this species demonstrated that the oral shields can be partially or completely concealed or can be completely visible. Moreover, some specimens can have radial shields almost reaching the center of the disc or cover 3/4 of the diameter of the disc; this could be an artifact caused by preservation because of potential contraction of the soft disc, thus modifying the appearance of the radial shield coverage (pers. comm. Sabine
Stöhr, 2022
).
Asteronyx longifissus
has been previously recorded in
Mexico
only for western
Baja California Sur
and
Guerrero
(
Honey-Escandón
et al.
2008
). Material from
Guerrero
is deposited at ICML-UNAM (ICML-UNAM 3.140.2,
Isla
de Ixtapa) and was examined. Morphological differences such as radial shields not multilayered, minute spines in the dorsal disc, and OPa not granule-like were observed. We conclude that the material from Guerrero does not correspond to
A
.
longifissus
but probably to a species new to science, and this record should be considered invalid. The discovery of
A
.
longifissus
during the Gulf of California cruises is a first for this area. This species is now known to range as far north as
25º56′N
. Due to its northern affinity and the invalidation of the record in Guerrero, we suggest that
A
.
longifissus
distribution is probably limited to temperate waters in the northern American Pacific.