Revision of the Bengalia torosa Wiedemann, 1819 species-group (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with notes on the systematic position of B. robertsi Kurahashi, 1987 and B. subnitida James, 1964 Author Rognes, Knut text Zootaxa 2018 2018-03-07 4391 1 1 71 journal article 30584 10.11646/zootaxa.4391.1.1 d2f6f62c-9c3c-4951-9409-01bf33f2f027 1175-5326 1193860 93A0AF58-9FD7-417F-9019-BC6C72423C1B Bengalia kanoi Kurahashi & Magpayo, 2000 ( Figs 131–158 ) Bengalia jejuna : Rueda (1985: 349) . Misidentification, not jejuna Fabricius (teste Kurahashi & Magpayo 2000 ). [The shape of the ST5 flap illustrated ( Rueda 1985: 349, fig. 18G ) is similar to that observed in some of the nominal species illustrated by Lehrer (2005, figs 56 A [ G. schiavoae ], 58 A [ G. shivanella ], 59 A [ G. tagaloga ]) , all showing a slight depression along the distal margin.] Bengalia kanoi Kurahashi & Magpayo, 2000 : 43 . HoloType ♂ ( NIID ; noT examined), by original designaTion. Type localiTy: Philippines ( Mindanao , Davao , Mt. Talomo ). Gangelomyia indipyga Lehrer, 2005 : 119 . HoloType ♂ (BPBM; examined), by original designaTion. Type localiTy: India (SouTh India, Nilgiri Hills, Devala). Syn. nov. [The specimen in CNC labelled “Cinchona, S. India Anamalai Hills” fits exactly the description of indipyga .] Gangelomyia kanoi : Lehrer (2005: 121) ( Philippines ) . Gangelomyia philipyga Lehrer, 2005 : 125 . HoloType ♂ (BPBM; examined), by original designaTion. Type localiTy: Philippines (Culion Is 6 km W Culion). Syn. nov. [ Lehrer (2005: 21) wrote that this species has a series of discal setae (“macrochètes discaux”) on the fifth abdominal tergite; this claim was not repeated on p. 111, where the genus is diagnosed.] Gangelomyia schiavoae Lehrer, 2005 : 126 . HoloType ♂ ( NHMUK ; examined), by original designaTion. Type localiTy: Indonesia (West Jawa , Preanger. Djampang Tenggah). Syn. nov. Gangelomyia shivanella Lehrer, 2005 : 130 . HoloType ♂ ( NHMUK ; examined), by original designaTion. Type localiTy: India ( Naraikkadu , Tinnevelly ). Syn. nov. Gangelomyia tagaloga Lehrer, 2005 : 132 . HoloType ♂ ( BPBM ; examined), by original designaTion. Type localiTy: Philippines ( Los Baños ). Syn. nov. Bengalia kanoi: Verves (2005: 239; catalogue entry). Gangelomyia philipyga : Lehrer (2006a: 10) ( Indonesia [ Jawa , Soekaboemi ]; single cited specimen ( NHMUK ) examined). Gangelomyia kanoi : Lehrer (2006a: 10) (Philippines; both cited specimens (NHMUK, BPBM) examined). Gangelomyia schiavoae : Lehrer (2006a: 10) ( Malaysia [ Kudat ], Indonesia [ Java , Djampang Mts ]; both specimens ( NHMUK ) examined). Gangelomyia phantastika Lehrer, 2007 : 20 . HoloType ♂ ( SDEI ; examined, TeraTological specimen), by original designaTion. Type locality: Indonesia ( Sulawesi , Kandari ). Syn. nov. FIGURES 131–148. Bengalia kanoi Kurahashi & Magpayo (131–138: male from Cinchona, Anamalai Hills, India, CNC; 139: holotype [reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Magpayo (2000: 45, fig. 11d)]; 140: male from Mt Isarog, Philippines, BPBM; 141: holotype of Gangelomyia indipyga Lehrer , BPBM; 142: holotype of Gangelomyia shivanella Lehrer , NHMUK; 143: holotype of Gangelomyia schiavoae Lehrer , NHMUK; 144: holotype of Gangelomyia tagaloga Lehrer , BPBM; 145: holotype of Gangelomyia phantastika Lehrer , SDEI; 146: holotype of Gangelomyia philipyga , BPBM; 147: male paratype of Gangelomyia schiavoae Lehrer from Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia, NHMUK; 148: male paratype of Gangelomyia schiavoae Lehrer from West Java, Indonesia, NHMUK). 131. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 132. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 133. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 134. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 135. Distiphallus, ventral view. 136. Pre- and postgonites. 137. Labels. 138–148. ST5 flaps. All scale bars = 0.25mm. Abbreviations: bsp = bacilliform sclerite process; dlp = distal lip process; pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite; sd = semidomes. FIGURES 149–158. Bengalia kanoi Kurahashi & Magpayo (149: male from Camarines Sur, Mt Isarog, Philippines, BPBM; 150: male from Anamalai Hills, India, CNC; 151: holotype of Gangelomyia schiavoae , NHMUK; 152: male paratype of Bengalia kanoi from Davao, Mt. Talomo, Philipines, NHMUK; 153: holotype of Gangelomyia phantastika Lehrer , SDEI; 154: male from Anamalai Hills, India, CNC; 155: holotype of Gangelomyia phantastika Lehrer , SDEI; 156: male paratype of Bengalia kanoi from Davao, Mt. Talomo, Philipines, NHMUK; 157–158: male from Camarines Sur, Mt Isarog, Philippines, BPBM). 149. Abdomen, dorsal view. 150. Abdomen, dorsal view. 151. Right anepimeron. 152. Detail of fore legs, lateral view. 153. Distiphallus, apical view. 154. Distiphallus, apical view. 155. Epandrial complex, right lateral view (right surstylus lost). 156. Apex of distiphallus, oblique apicolateral view. 157. Detail of distiphallus, ventral view. 158. Detail of distiphallus, ventral view; arrows showing weakly denticulate area. All scale bars = 0.25mm. Abbreviations: dlp = distal lip process; lf = lateral finger; sd = semidomes. Diagnosis. Male . Length 13.0– 15.5mm (n=7). Frons at vertex / head width ratio 0.31–0.33 (mean 0.32, n=7). Anepimeron usually with a bundle of many dark setulae in upper part ( Fig. 151 ), though a male in NMW and a male in ZMHB have only a single dark setula. A short row of 3–4 spinous setae in upper fourth of fore tibia ( Fig. 152 ). Abdomen variable, usually very dark but pale in some specimens from India and the Philippines ( Fig. 150 ). Abdominal marginal bands very narrow to broad, T5 varying from yellow with narrow dark marginal band, to all black. Most material from the Philippines has T3 and T4 with broad dark bands, covering approximately the posterior half of these tergites, with T5 all black ( Fig. 149 ). All abdominal tergites with shifting silvery microtrichosity. ST5 flap variable, about as broad as long or broader ( Figs 138–148 ). ST5 flap strongly concave on dorsal (upper), seen apically. Hind margin of ST5 flap straight in broadest aspect ( Figs 143, 145–147 ), slightly ( Figs 142, 144 ) or distinctly concave ( Figs 138–141 ); never with a projecting median process with concave margins on both sides. Cerci rather short in posterior view ( Fig. 131 ), with a prominent empty space between the distal prongs, the latter being very narrow in lateral view ( Figs 132 , 155 ). Surstylus oval ( Figs 132 , 155 ). Bacilliform sclerite process as in Fig. 132 . Distiphallus as in Figs 133–135 , 153–154, 156–158 . Distal lip process ( dlp ) long, with central sclerotisation and narrow lateral and ventral flanges on each side, denticulate basally ( Figs 154, 156–157 ). Extreme ventral tip of distiphallus with a small area of denticles on each side ( Fig. 158 , arrows), much as in B. martinleakei but smaller and very difficult to observe in less sclerotized specimens. Pre-and postgonite as in Fig. 136 . Female . Length: 14.5–15.5mm (n=4). Frons at vertex / head width ratio 0.32–0.33 (mean 0.32, n=4). Discussion. The starting point for my decision to put a number of Lehrer names in synonymy with B. kanoi Kurahashi & Magpayo was the dissection of a male from India (in CNC) whose ST5 flap ( Fig. 138 ) is identical to that of the holotype of B. kanoi ( Fig. 139 ) as illustrated by Kurahashi & Magpayo (2000: 45, fig. 11d) . Lehrer (2005: 119, fig. 52 A ) created the nominal species G. indipyga for specimens with such an ST5 flap ( Fig. 141 ). However, he never mentioned its similarity with the ST5 flap of the holotype of B. kanoi , even though Kurahashi & Magpayo’s work was available to him. Rather, he illustrated the ST5 flap of a specimen he identified as B. kanoi ( Lehrer 2005: 122, fig. 53 A ) (probably the paratype in NHMUK), but this ST5 flap was different from the one illustrated by Kurahashi & Magpayo (2000) for their holotype and is very similar to the one shown in Fig. 142 of the present work. This indicated that the ST5 flap in B. kanoi is variable, and the conclusion was drawn that many of Lehrer’s nominal species were based on variations in the shape of the ST5 flap. This variation is shown in Figs 138–148 of the present work. In addition, it must be mentioned that the figures I have made do not always correspond exactly to illustrations by Lehrer for the same species. E.g., the ST5 flap of G. schiavoae is represented by Fig. 143 (from the holotype ) and by Figs 147–148 (each from separate paratypes ), which do not all fit the figure published by Lehrer (2005: 127, fig. 56 A ) . Similarly, regarding the ST5 flap of G. indipyga , Fig. 141 is from the holotype , but it is not as broad as in the figure published by Lehrer (2005: 120, fig. 52 A ) . Lehrer did not explain which of the two males available to him served as the basis for this figure. He cited a paratype male from “… Coimbatore …” in BPBM, which I have not seen, and it is possible that this was used, not the holotype . Some of the discrepancies may be due to different amounts of pressure applied to the concave ST5 flap when preparing slides from which to draw the figures. I also gave up on attempting to follow Lehrer’s key to Gangelomyia ( Lehrer 2005: 111–112 ), which is based to a very large extent on the shape of the ST5 flap. I examined the distal lip process of all Lehrer’s Gangelomyia type specimens but could not find any significant differences supporting his species delimitations. I interpret G. phantastika ( Fig. 153 ) as a specimen of B. kanoi with a teratological distiphallus. However, I have kept B. martinleakei (with its Lehrer synonyms G. gandhiana and G. krishna ) as a species separate from B. kanoi because of its distinctive ST5 flap with a projection on the hind margin ( Figs 168 , 177–178 ). Its distal lip process is very similar to that of B. kanoi . Bengalia kanoi has a very wide distribution in the Oriental Region and coexists in India with B. martinleakei , which is known only from that country. Biology. Unknown. Distribution. Malaysia ( Sabah *), Indonesia ( Jawa *, Sulawesi *), India *, Philippines (Culion Is*, Davao *, Laguna *, Luzon*, Mindanao*, Misamis Or.*). Widespread and frequent. Type material examined. Bengalia kanoi Kurahashi & Magpayo, 2000 . PARATYPES (BPBM): 1 ♂, labelled (1) Paratype [black print on yellow label]; (2) B 14 8–21 –83 / Mt. Talomo, 100m / DAVAO CITY, Phil. / F.R.Magpayo [handwritten]; (3) Bengalia ♂ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H. Kurahashi [printed] [Genitalia extruded and visible]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) Paratype [black print on yellow label]; (2) P.I., MISAMIS OR. / Mt. Balatukan, 15km / SW of Gingoog, 1000 / - 2000m , 1–5.V.1960 ; (3) H. Torrevillas / Collector; (4) Bengalia ♂ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi [all printed labels]; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) Paratype [black print on yellow label]; (2) B 13 8–21 –83 / MT. Talomo, 1000 m / DAVAO City, Phil. / F.R. MAGPAYO [handwritten]; (3) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi [printed]; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) Paratype [black print on yellow label]; (2) P. I., MINDANAO / Z. DEL SUR, 11 km , / NW of Milbuk, 390m / 5.VIII.1958 [printed]; (3) In Rain Forest / H.E. Milliron; (4) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi [both labels printed]; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) Paratype [black print on yellow label]; (2) P. I., MINDANAO / DAVAO / 690m , 17.VIII. ’58; (3) In Jungle; (4) H.E. Milliron / Collector; (5) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi [all labels printed]. PARATYPE (NHMUK): 1 ♂, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES / DAVAO: MT. Talomo. / 21 Aug. 1983 / Det. 3 July 1986 / F.R.Magpayo [first and last lines printed]; (2) Bengalia / sp. nov. 1 [handwritten]; (3) KANOI [blue ink on white label]; (4) Paratype [printed on yellow label]; (5) Pres. by / F.R.Magpayo / 1988–316 [pale print on white label]; (6) Gangelomyia ♂ / kanoi (Kurahashi & Magpayo) / PARATYPUS / Det. Dr. A.Z. Lehrer / 2005 [printed; pin hole near centre of label]; (7) Gangelomyia ♂ / kanoi (Kurahashi & Magpayo) / PARATYPUS / Det. Dr. A.Z. Lehrer / 2005 [printed; pin hole near right margin of label] [T5 all dark. ST5 flap not as wide as in Kurahashi & Magpayo’s published figure ( Fig. 139 ), cf. Lehrer’s (2005) fig. 53A, possibly made from this specimen]. [NB: the locality and collector on the main label agree with data for the holotype. The date on the label is among the dates published for the 8 male and 8 female paratypes with the same locality and collector as the holotype listed by Kurahashi & Magpayo (2000: 43) . However, NHMUK is not mentioned among the type depositories listed on p. 44 in the same work. Nevertheless, I assume that the specimen was one of the series of specimens before the authors when designating the holotype (dated 28 August 1983 ) and that it is a true paratype.] Gangelomyia indipyga Lehrer, 2005 . HOLOTYPE ♂ (BPBM), labelled (1) SOUTH INDIA / Nilgiri Hills / Devala, 960 m . / V.1961 [printed, except handwritten corrected dates]; (2) Collector / P. S. Nathan [printed]; (3) Bengalia ♂ / jejuna / ( Fab., 1787 ) / Det. H.Kurahashi [printed]; (4) HOLOTYPUS [white label glued to a bigger red label with “17046” annotated on it in black ink]; (5) Gangelomyia ♂ / indipyga Lehrer n. sp. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed; pin hole in middle]; (6) Gangelomyia ♂ / indipyga Lehrer n. sp. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed; pin hole near right hand margin] [Dissected by Lehrer; terminalia in glycerol in a big plastic vial, transferred to glass microvial by me; T1+2–T5 of abdomen rather pale, last segments not black nor very dark; 4 spinous setae on fore tibia]. Gangelomyia philipyga Lehrer, 2005 . HOLOTYPE ♂ (BPBM), labelled (1) PHILIPPINES / Culion Is. / 6km W. Culion / 14.VI.1962 [printed]; (2) H. Holtmann / Collector / BISHOP [printed]; (3) Lowland / vegetation [printed]; (4) HOLOTYPUS [black print on white label glued to bigger red label]; (5) Gangelomyia ♂ / philipyga n. sp. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed, pin hole near middle]; (6) Gangelomyia ♂ / philipyga n. sp. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed, pin hole near right hand margin] [Left fore leg and right hind leg lost; T5 very dark; dissected by Lehrer; terminalia in an almost dried-out, brownish fluid at the bottom of a big plastic vial; stopper impossible to remove without breaking it; vial cut open by scalpel below stopper; fluid very viscous; parts transferred to ethanol; parts appear embedded in a stiff, white, opaque substance reminiscent of Canada balsam; encrustations of the substance cover the surstyli and the inside of the epandrium; parts transferred to fresh glycerol in a glass microvial; ST5 flap ( Fig. 146 ) as in Lehrer (2005: fig. 55A) ]. PARATYPE ♂ (NHMUK), labelled (1) N. BORNEO / KUDAT, / 13th Sept. 1927 [mostly printed on brownish label]; (2) Ex F.M.S. / Museum. / B.M.1955- 354.; (3) Bengalia (Ochromyia) / jejuna / Fab. / Det. J.R./ Malloch [handwritten in Malloch’s hand except last two lines, which are printed]; (4) Bengalia ♂ / philipyga Lehrer n.sp. / Det. Dr. A.Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed, pin hole in centre]; (5) Bengalia ♂ / philipyga Lehrer n.sp. / Det. Dr. A.Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed, pin hole near right hand margin] [Dissected by Lehrer; terminalia in glycerol, transferred to glass microvial by me]. Additional remarks. This nominal species was claimed by Lehrer (2005: 21) , in his key, to have a series of discal setae on T5. This was not repeated in the species description on p. 125, and was not confirmed by a study of the type material listed above or of a non-type specimen identified by Lehrer, listed below. This must have been a lapsus on Lehrer’s part. Gangelomyia schiavoae Lehrer, 2005 . HOLOTYPE ♂ (NHMUK; glued by its left side to the point of a triangular piece of celluloid), labelled (1) HOLO / TYPE. [white circular label with red margin; printed]; (2) HOLOTYPUS [red label with black print]; (3) W. JAVA: / Preanger. / Djampang Tenggah. / iv.1936 . [printed]; (4) Purch. from / E. le Moult. / B.M. 1937-32. [printed]; (5) Bengalia / xanthopyga SW / det. R.Senior White 1938. [handwritten in Senior-White’s hand, except for printed last line]; (6) Bengalia ♂ / schiavoae Lehrer n.sp. / HOLOTYPUS / Det. Dr. A.Z.LEHRER / 2004 [printed] [Dissected by Lehrer; terminalia transferred to glycerol in glass microvial by me; genital parts stiffened by a strange material (possibly Canada balsam)]. [NB: As Lehrer (2005: 128) notes, the specimen is in a bad state with its legs caught up in a large blob of Canada balsam, which also attaches the body to the plastic stage. Due to an accident during mail transport, the head is now lost. The pattern on the abdomen is clearly visible, and the hind half of T4 and all of T5 are very dark. For this reason it is puzzling that Senior-White identified it as B. xanthopyga , in which the posterior half of the abdomen is pale.]. PARATYPES (NHMUK): 1 ♂, labelled (1) N. Borneo / Kudat / 15th Sept. 1927 . [mostly black print on pale brown label]; (2) Ex F.M.S. / Museum. / B.M.1955-354. [printed]; (3) Gangelomyia ♂ / schiavoae Lehrer n.sp. / Det. Dr. A.Z.LEHRER / 2005 [printed; pin hole near middle]; (4) Gangelomyia ♂ / schiavoae Lehrer n.sp. / Det. Dr. A.Z.LEHRER / 2005 [printed; pin hole near right hand margin] [The specimen has lost its head and both fore legs; dissected by Lehrer; terminalia transferred to glycerol in a glass microvial by me]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) WEST JAVA: / Djampang Mts. / Tjiangsana. / xii.1937 . / B.M. 1962-651. [printed]: (2) Gangelomyia ♂ / schiavoae Lehrer n.sp. / Det. Dr. A.Z.LEHRER / 2005 [printed; pin hole near middle] [The specimen lost its abdomen during transit but it was subsequently retrieved in the shipping box, glued to a piece of card on a separate pin and placed beside the specimen; dissected by Lehrer; tip of one cercus broken; terminalia transferred to a glass microvial with glycerol by me]. Gangelomyia shivanella Lehrer, 2005 . HOLOTYPE ♂ (NHMUK), labelled (1) HOLO-TYPE. [circular label with red rim]; (2) HOLOTYPUS [black print on red label]; (3) Naraikkadu, 2500–3000' / Tinnevelly D t / S. India. 11–13– III–36 [on reverse side of label:] B. M. - C. M. / Exped n to / S. India. 1936 [printed except dates and altitude, which are handwritten]; (4) Ochromyia / jejuna F. / John Smart det. 1937. [handwritten except last line, which is printed]; (5) Bengalia ♂ / shivanella Lehrer n. s. / HOLOTYPUS / Det. D. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed] [Specimen in good condition, all legs present, right mid and hind tarsi and left mid tarsus lost; fore tibia with 3 (left) or 4 (right) strong setae in basal third on a protuberance; abdomen pale, with narrow dark bands on tergites; dissected by Lehrer; terminalia in glycerol but parts infiltrated with Canada balsam or similar substance; epandrial complex stuck to inner wall of vial: I had to cut open the vial with a scalpel, and transferred the parts to a glass microvial with glycerol]. PARATYPE ♂ (NHMUK), labelled (1) Naraikkadu, 2500–3000' / Tinnevelly D t / S. India. 9–III–36 [on reverse side of label:] B. M. - C. M. / Exped n to / S. India. 1936 [printed except dates and altitude, which are handwritten]; (2) Bengalia ♂ / shivanella Lehrer n. s. / PARATYPUS / Det. D. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004 [printed] [Both mid legs lost; left fore tibia with 3, right for tibia with 4 spinous setae; right wing torn; abdomen pale, with narrow dark bands on tergites; dissected by Lehrer; terminalia in glycerol but parts infiltrated with Canada balsam or similar substance; transferred to glycerol in glass microvial by me]. Gangelomyia tagaloga Lehrer, 2005 . HOLOTYPE ♂ (BPBM), labelled (1) 350ft . / Los Banos / Philippine Ids. / VII – 10 - 21 [printed, except first and last line]; (2) F. X. Williams / Collector [printed]; (3) Bengalia / latro / deM. [handwritten; thin black frame]; (4) HOLOTYPUS [black print on red label]; (5) Gangelomyia ♂ / tagaloga Lehrer n. sp. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2005 [printed label; pin hole in middle]; (6) Gangelomyia ♂ / tagaloga Lehrer n. sp. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2005 [printed label; pin hole near right hand margin] [Abdomen pale (teneral specimen), T5 not black; dissected by Lehrer; terminalia in big plastic vial, gonites and hypandrium missing; the terminalia had contact with Canada balsam, which was insufficiently removed, as shown under a compound microscope; transferred to glass microvial with glycerol by me]. Gangelomyia phantastika Lehrer, 2007 . HOLOTYPE ♂ (SDEI), labelled (1) Celebes / Kandari [ Sulawesi Tenggara , Kendari] IV. 74 [1874] / O. Beccari [printed label with black frame, second line handwritten]; (2) Anisomyia / favillacea / WK. [handwritten]; (3) coll. Oldenberg [printed]; (4) Coll. / O.-S. [handwritten]; (5) Coll. Osten-Sacken [printed]; (6) HOLOTYPUS [red label with black print]; (7) Gangelomyia ♂ / phantastika n. sp. / Det. Dr. A .Z.LEHRER / 2006 [printed] [Dissected by Lehrer but terminalia kept in glycerol and embedded in a stiff substance impeding a thorough examination of details; terminalia transferred to glass microvial with glycerol by me]. [NB: I consider the numerous, peculiar and small tubular outgrowths on the apical part of the distiphallus (both semidomes, but mostly on distal lip projection) to be the result of some teratological development, or artifacts resulting from some kind of treatment, and therefore not of taxonomic importance. ST5 flap ( Fig. 145 ) (cf. Lehrer (2007: 21, fig. 4) similar to that of the G. philipyga holotype ( Lehrer 2005: 126 fig. 55 A ). Distal lip projection ( Fig. 153 ) narrow, with parallel sides, and clearly bifid with the vertical flanges longer than the central part.] Other material examined. BPBM. Philippines: 2 ♂, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES / Camarines Sur: Mt. / Isarog, 750–850 m . / 8–12.V.1963 ; (2) H.M. Torrevillas / Light Trap / BISHOP; (3) Bengalia ♂ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi [all labels printed] [One dissected by me 8 December 2016 ]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES: LUZON / Mt. Makiling 1000' / Laguna 30.IV. ’68 [partly handwritten]; (2) ex / Mud Spring [handwritten]; (3) D. E. Hardy / Collector; (4) Bengalia ♂ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES: LUZON / Mt. Makiling 1000' / Laguna 30.III. ’68 [partly handwritten]; (2) ex / Mud Spring [handwritten]; (3) M.D. Delfinado / Collector; (4) Bengalia ♂ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES: LUZON / Mt. Makiling 1000' / Laguna 30.IV. ’68 [partly handwritten label]; (2) ex / Mud Spring [handwritten]; (3) M.D. Delfinado / Collector; (4) Bengalia ♂ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi [partly handwritten label]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) PHILIPPINE IS. / Mt. Makiling / 7.III.1960 ; (2) T.C. Maa / Collector / BISHOP; (3) Bengalia ♂ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES: LUZON / Mt. Makiling 1000' / Laguna 30.IV. ’68 [partly handwritten label]; (2) M.D. Delfinado / Collector; (3) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi. [all printed]; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES: LUZON / 6 km W of Imugan, / Nueva Vizcaya / 11: IV.1968 ; (2) M.D. Delfinado / Collector; (3) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi. [all printed]; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) Rice / Zitanga Cag. / May 27, 1972 / A.D. Pawar [handwritten, except last line]; (2) Accession No 57 / International Rice / Research Institute [printed, except number]; (3) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi [printed]; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) PHILIPPINES / Kinakin, 1900m / Ifugao Prov., Luzon / June, 3, 1977 / M. Sato leg.; (2) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi. [both printed]; • 1 ♀, labelled (1) PHILIPPINE IS. / LUZON, Los Banos / 19–20.IX.1959 ; (2) Night; (3) Light Trap / L.Quate & / C. Yoshimoto; (4) Bengalia ♀ / kanoi / sp. nov. / Det. H.Kurahashi. [all printed]. CNC. India: 1 ♂, labelled (1) Cinchona, S.INDIA / Anamalai Hills. / 3500' X – 1955 / P.S.Nathan [printed]; (2) Bengalia sp. / (nr. martin - / leakei S.-W.?) / Det. Shewell 1971 [handwritten except most of last line, which is printed] ( Fig. 137 ) [Dissected by me ( Figs 131–138 )]. MNHN. Indonesia: 1 ♂, labelled (1) circular yellow label; (2) Java / M. Maindron [recent handwritten label] [Teneral specimen; dissected by me; terminalia and ST 2–5 in glycerol in a vial on same pin as specimen; dried T3–5 glued to a piece of card on the same pin; fore tibia with 3 strong ventral setae; anepimeron with many black setulae in upper part]. NHMUK. Indonesia: 1 ♂, labelled (1) Java: / Soekaboemi / v. 1926 / Purch E. Le Moult. / B.M.1933- 189.; (2) Gangelomyia ♂ / philipyga Lehrer n.sp. / Det. Dr. A.Z. LEHRER / 2005 [printed, pin hole in centre]; (3) Gangelomyia ♂ / philipyga Lehrer n.sp. / Det. Dr. A.Z. LEHRER / 2005 [printed, pin hole near right hand margin] [Dissected by Lehrer; terminalia in glycerol, transferred to a glass microvial by me; abdominal tergites pale, also T5]. NMW. Indonesia: 1 ♂, labelled (1) S:Celebes / Patunuang [now Makassar City, at 5°7′49.4″S 119°24′27.99″E] / Jan. 1896 / H. Fruhstorfer [printed on yellow label, with a black frame just inside label edge] [Placed in collection under “ Bengalia lateralis ”; the specimen is teneral, as demonstrated by the collapsed abdomen and femora; the anepimeron has only yellow setulae, except one black setula on right side (and possibly a second, broken one); T4 and T5 removed and dissected by me; weakly sclerotized terminalia in glycerol in glass microvial on pin; dried T4 and T5 glued to a piece of card on pin]. WSU. India: [The three following males of B. kanoi (labelled “3”, “2” and “1” in pencil on small yellow labels), were among seven specimens identified by James as “ Bengalia jejuna ”; only one male (labelled “4”) from Coimbatore was a true B. jejuna (see above); there were also three females of doubtful identity from Anamalai Hills, South India, collected by P.S. Nathan (labelled “11”, “12” and “13” in pencil), which are possibly females of B. kanoi ]. 1 ♂, labelled (1) Anamalai Hills / Cinchona, S.INDIA / 4000' XI-1948 / P. S. Nathan [printed]; (2) Bengalia / jejuna / (F.) / det. James ’65 [handwritten by James, label with black frame]; (3) 3 [handwritten in pencil on yellow label] [Dissected by me; dried abdominal tergites glued to a piece of card on pin, above labels; specimen somewhat teneral, as shown by the short hypandrial plate; ST1–5 and terminalia in glycerol in a glass microvial on pin]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) Anamalai Hills / Cinchona, S.INDIA / 4000' XI-1948 / P. S. Nathan [printed]; (2) 2 [handwritten in pencil on small yellow label] [Dissected by me; dried abdominal tergites glued to a piece of card on pin, above labels; ST1–5 and terminalia in glycerol in a glass microvial on pin]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) Anamalai Hills / Cinchona, S.INDIA / 4000' XI-1948 / P. S. Nathan [printed]; (2) 1 [handwritten in pencil on yellow label] [Terminalia extruded and distiphallus clearly visible]. ZMHB. Indonesia: 1 ♂, labelled (1) Celebes / Bantimoeroeng [now Sulawesi, Bantimurung] / 25.5. 30 G. Heinrich [printed on yellow label]; (2) Anisomyia / favillacea (Walk. 59) ♂ / Dr. Enderlein det 1935 [handwritten except for most of last line, which is printed]; (3) Zool. Mus. / Berlin [printed] [The specimen was rotating on the pin and at first I did not succeed in breaking the abdomen loose without destroying the dorsum of the thorax; I secured the thorax to the pin with arabic gum at the top and a synthetic resin at the bottom; I then succeeded in breaking the abdomen loose after the glue had dried for some hours; anepimeron with only 1 dark setula on each side, all other setulae pale; fore tibial vestiture with 3 strong ventral setae; hind tibia with a very weak fringe, setulae of fringe slightly shorter than tibial diameter; terminalia dissected by me; ST5 flap rounded, with a transverse distal margin, shiny and very dark].