Taxonomy of epilithic diatoms and teratological forms under the presence of metals in surface sediment Author Amaral, Mailor Wellinton Wedig 0000-0003-0749-4499 Graduate Program in Conservation and Management of Natural Resources (PPRN), Western Paraná State University, Universitária Street, 2019, Jardim Universitário, zip code 85819 - 110, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil wedig_npi@hotmail.com Author Medeiros, Gabriela 0000-0002-5444-3064 Graduate Program in Agricultural Engineering (PGEAGRI), Western Paraná State University, Universitária Street, 2019, Jardim Universitário, zip code 85819 - 110, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil gabsmedeiros@gmail.com Author Daufenbach, Vanessa 0000-0002-7186-029X National Network Professional Master in Water Resources Management and Regulation (ProfÁgua), Federal University of Technology - Paraná. Rosalina Maria Ferreira Street, 1233, Vila Carola, zip code 87301 - 899, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil vanessa.daufenbach@gmail.com Author Sampaio, Silvio Cesar 0000-0002-9034-432X Graduate Program in Agricultural Engineering (PGEAGRI), Western Paraná State University, Universitária Street, 2019, Jardim Universitário, zip code 85819 - 110, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil silvio.sampaio@unioeste.br Author Reis, Ralpho Rinaldo Dos 0000-0002-2476-2136 Graduate Program in Agricultural Engineering (PGEAGRI), Western Paraná State University, Universitária Street, 2019, Jardim Universitário, zip code 85819 - 110, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil ralpho.reis@unioeste.br Author Ludwig, Thelma Alvim Veiga 0000-0003-0576-3499 Graduate Program in Botany, Federal University of Paraná. Life Sciences department. Centro Politécnico, mailbox Postal 19031, Jardim das Américas, zip code 81531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil veiga13ufpr@gmail.com Author Bueno, Norma Catarina 0000-0001-6939-9222 Graduate Program in Conservation and Management of Natural Resources (PPRN), Western Paraná State University, Universitária Street, 2019, Jardim Universitário, zip code 85819 - 110, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil normacatarina@hotmail.com text Phytotaxa 2024 2024-05-14 647 3 237 273 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.647.3.3 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.647.3.3 1179-3163 13215724 Gomphonema graciledictum E. Reichardt (2015: 373) Figs 6 : W–Y Length: 33.2–67.7 µm; width: 6.9–9 µm; striae: 11–13 in 10 µm (n = 7) Teratological form : deformed valve outline, with bent apices. Unusual striae pattern, throughout the valve or strongly radiate in the median portion of the valve. Occurrence : S3. Ecological characteristics : Cond.: 50.00–53.00 µS cm –1 ; BOD: 0.89–3.27 mg L− 1 ; COD: 7.23–13.60 mg L− 1 ; N-NH: 316–378 µg L− 1 ; 3 − 1 − 1 − − 1 − 1 NO: 0.34–0.37 mg L; DO: 11.42–14.80 mg L; pH: 5,79–6.26; PO: 0.005 –0.008 mg L; TP: 0.009 –0.017 mg L; TS: 10.00– 3 4 66.00 mg L− 1 ; Temp.: 17.40–17.68 °C; Turb.: 7.03–10.70; Flow: 0.47–0.62 m 3 s; Average depth: 0.19–0.24 m ; Prec.: 9.96 mm . Metal concentrations : Co: 23.91–33.57 mg L –1 ; Cr: 27.33–78.86 mg L –1 ; Cu: 197.55–235.49 mg L- 1 ; Mn: 398.50–444.52 mg L –1 ; Ni: 31.80–69.89 mg L –1 ; Pb: 35.58–46.56 mg L –1 ; Zn: 93.81–167.31 mg L –1 .