A morphological review of the jellyfish genus Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 (Nausithoideae, Coronatae, Scyphozoa, Cnidaria)
Author
Molinari, Clarissa G.
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, n. 101, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508 - 090, Brazil & School of Environment and Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
Author
Collins, Allen G.
National Systematics Laboratory, Office of Science and Technology, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, MRC- 153, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, MRC- 163, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA
Author
Morandini, André C.
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, n. 101, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508 - 090, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, Rodovia Manuel Hypólito do Rego km 131.5, São Sebastião, SP, 11612 - 109, Brazil
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-08-21
5336
1
1
32
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5336.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.5336.1.1
1175-5326
8268440
98F89833-1EBB-41A6-B943-2091F2296D40
Nausithoe rubra
Vanhöffen, 1902
(
Fig. 14
)
Nausithoe rubra
Vanh
̂ffen, 1902: 30–31, pl. I.
Holotype
ZMB 14808.
FIGURE 14.
Nausithoe rubra
.
A
—Side view of adult medusa from the coast of California (photo: George Matsumoto © 2000 MBARI).
B
—Adult medusa from the coast of California (© 2013 MBARI—VARS database; identity-reference 46). C–E: AMNH 2113.
C
—Side view of adult medusa.
D
—Detail of gastrovascular cavity with gastric filaments (
gf
).
E
—Detail of rhopalium (
rh
), note the bulb with darker pigmentation, and marginal lappets (
ml
).
F
—Detail of the gonads (
g
) with triangular shape (specimen NMNH 55931).
Material examined:
NMNH 28128
and 28129 (
two specimens
from
Peru
, no information on depth),
NMNH 55931
(
one specimen
from
California
, USA 1975, depth:
900m
)
,
AMNH 2113
(
one specimen
from
Tower Island
,
Galapagos
1925, depth:
372m
)
and
MBARI
database (identity-reference 46, coast of
California
2013,
36°39’N
122°67’W, depth:
1,210m
)
.
Diagnosis: medusa—hyperdome red-purple bell with blue stomach.
Description: Based on original description,
Bigelow (1928)
,
Mayer (1910)
, and
Kramp (1961)
. Adult medusa up to
15 mm
in diameter; exumbrella surface of central disc covered with nematocysts; pointed marginal lappets; tentacles and bell red-purple, stomach blue; gastric septae broadly triangular; narrow perradial gastric ostia. No information about a polyp stage.
Type
locality:
East Atlantic
(
9°31’N
9°46’E
, Benguela current,
2,000m
depth
)
.
Distribution: possibly a worldwide species in deeper waters.
Remarks: Examined specimens with brownish smooth umbrella, with narrow pointed lappets (in some specimens the marginal lappets were very damaged, making it difficult to verify their morphology). Eight rhopalia with statocyst and a darker brown bulb at the base. Triangular faint orange or dark purple gonads, pointing to the margin and containing hundreds of eggs. More than 50 gastric filaments in total, close to 12 per quadrant. Some specimens had dense, white “warts” (nematocysts?) on the exumbrellar surface. The largest animal was
20 mm
in diameter and had tentacles as long as
15 mm
.