The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide
Author
Gravili, Cinzia
Author
Vito, Doris De
Author
Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di
Author
Martell, Luis
Author
Piraino, Stefano
Author
Boero, Ferdinando
text
Zootaxa
2015
3908
1
1
187
journal article
42365
10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1
6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae
1175-5326
242729
D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE
Acryptolaria conferta
(Allman, 1877)
Fig. 79
A–C
See
Schuchert (2001a)
for a complete synonymy.
Material examined.
HCUS-S 0 86 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
Description
(based on our own observations; Ramil & Vervoort 1992 as
Acryptolaria conferta conferta
;
Schuchert 2001a
):
FIGURE 79.
Acryptolaria conferta
:
A
, colony, general view of heavy form;
B
, part of stem;
C
, coppinia with female gonothecae (A, C redrawn and modified after Millard 1975 by C.G. Di Camillo; B drawn by L. Basso). Scale bars: A, 5.0 cm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 1.0 mm.
Hydroid.
Hydrorhiza reptant, as a thick mass of stolons; colonies erect; hydrocauli polysiphonic basally, up to
4 cm
in height, branched, axis and most part of branches and hydrocladia composed of numerous tubes longitudinally arranged and anastomosed with each other, monosiphonic parts with a sympodial structure, axis straight to geniculate; hydrothecae lateral, in the same plane and alternate, tubular, basal part merging into hydrocladia, distal part free and curved outwards, rim even and circular, hydrothecal renovations frequent. Gonothecae amphora-shaped, in coppiniae with several gonothecae, acrocyst present in female gonothecae.
Cnidome.
Microbasic mastigophores.
Habitat
type
.
Deep water species, recorded at depths ranging between
125–1400 m
(
Schuchert 2001a
).
Substrate.
Shell, coral fragments, worm tubes, on hydroid
Polyplumaria flabellata
, and white corals.
Seasonality.
April, June, September (Bouillon
et al
. 2004;
Moura 2011
) in the western Mediterranean Sea; February, September (Mastrototaro
et al
. 2010).
Reproductive period.
Unknown in Salento; June in and around the Strait of
Gibraltar
(Ramil & Vervoort 1992)
Distribution.
Cosmopolitan (Ramil & Vervoort 1992;
Medel & López-González 1996
;
Schuchert 2001a
; Bouillon
et al
. 2004).
Records in Salento.
In deep water, on white corals at S. Maria di Leuca (Mastrototaro
et al
. 2010).
Remarks.
The great variability of
Acryptolaria conferta
induced Ramil & Vervoort (1992) to propose the subspecies
minor
based in its small size and the lack of intermediate specimens linking it to larger specimens. Peña-Cantero
et al.
(2007) argued that this taxon has no clearly distinguishing features.
References.
Lo
Bianco (1903
as
Cryptolaria conferta
),
Rossi (1950)
,
Picard (1958a)
,
Patriti (1970)
,
Marinopoulos (1981)
,
Roca (1986
,
1989
),
Templado
et al.
(1986)
, Ramil & Vervoort (1992), Medel & López- González (1996), Bouillon
et al.
(2004), Mastrototaro
et al
. (2010).