Two new species of Fernandezina Birabén, 1951 (Araneae, Palpimanidae) from cave and epigean habitats in Brazil Author Carvalho, Leonardo S. 0000-0003-4700-5610 Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, BR 343, KM 3.5, Bairro Meladão, s / no. CEP 64800 - 000, Floriano, PI, Brazil. carvalho@ufpi.edu.br Author Braga-Pereira, Gracielle F. 0000-0003-3125-3214 Instituto Federal da Bahia, Campus Salvador, Rua Emídio dos Santos, s / n, 40301 - 015 Salvador, BA, Brazil. gracifbp@yahoo.com.br Author Santos, Adalberto J. 0000-0002-0010-346X Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, BR 343, KM 3.5, Bairro Meladão, s / no. CEP 64800 - 000, Floriano, PI, Brazil. & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270 - 901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. & Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, BR 343, KM 3.5, Bairro Meladão, s / no. CEP 64800 - 000, Floriano, PI, Brazil. & Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, BR 343, KM 3.5, Bairro Meladão, s / no. CEP 64800 - 000, Floriano, PI, Brazil. oxyopes@yahoo.com text Zootaxa 2024 2024-02-20 5415 1 181 192 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.9 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.9 1175-5326 10692836 92E05C65-4922-4999-AEA9-32D43694D772 Key to species of Fernandezina 1 Males .............................................................................................. 2 - Females............................................................................................ 18 2(1) Embolus with well-developed basal ledge ( Platnick et al. 1999 , figs. 20–21)...................................... 3 - Embolus without well-developed basal ledge ( Ott & Ott 2014 , figs 4–5) or without basal ledge ( Figs 5b, e ).............. 5 3(2) Basal ledge of the embolus with rounded apex in ventral view ( Platnick et al. 1999 , fig. 20); proportionally smaller palpal bulb and longer, more sinuous embolus.............................................................. F. maldonado - Basal ledge of the embolus with square apex in ventral view ( Platnick 1975 , fig. 86; Platnick et al. 1999 , fig. 32); proportionally larger palpal bulb and shorter, less sinuous embolus.......................................................... 4 4(3) Prolaterally widening of the embolus with pointed tip ( Platnick 1975 , fig. 86)................................ F. pelta - Prolaterally widening of the embolus with rounded border ( Platnick et al. 1999 , fig. 32)..................... F. pulchra 5(4) Embolus as long as the cymbium ( Martínez & Gutierrez 2021 , fig. 1e) or longer than the cymbium ( Cala-Riquelme et al. 2018 , figs 26–27, 31–32).................................................................................... 6 - Embolus shorter than the cymbium ( Figs 5b, e ).............................................................. 9 6(5) Palpal bulb without a proximal constriction ( Cala-Riquelme et al. 2018 , figs 26–27)....................... F. andersoni - Palpal bulb with conspicuous proximal constriction ( Cala-Riquelme et al. 2018 ; Platnick et al. 1999 )................... 7 7(6) Embolus with conspicuous prolateral, subdistal ledge and bifid apex ( Martínez & Gutierrez 2021 , fig. 1e)..... F. grismadoi - Embolus without any subdistal ledge and bifid apex.......................................................... 8 8(7) Embolus proportionally very long and curved (almost 2x the cymbium length) and very long, narrow neck of the palpal bulb, almost as long as the cymbium ( Cala-Riquelme et al. 2018 , figs 31–33)................................. F. eduardoi - Embolus proportionally long and curved (almost 1.5x the cymbum length) and short neck of the palpal bulb ( Platnick et al. 1999 , figs 22–24)............................................................................... F. ilheus 9(5) Embolus with subdistal retrolateral laminar extension ( Ott & Ott 2014 , figs 4–5).................................. 10 - Embolus without subdistal retrolateral laminar extension ( Figs 5a, d )........................................... 11 10(9) Embolus with inconspicuous basal ledge and semicircular retrolateral laminar extension ( Ott & Ott 2014 , figs 4–5).. F. nica - Embolus without basal ledge and irregular retrolateral laminar extension ( Castro et al. 2015 , fig. 6c)......... F. jurubatiba 11(9) Embolus straight ( Platnick et al. 1999 , figs 29–31) or almost straight ( Ramírez & Grismado 1996 , fig. 1)............... 12 - Embolus conspicuously curved ( Figs 5a–b, d–e )............................................................ 15 12(11) Embolus with conspicuous neck at the tip ( Buckup & Ott 2004 , fig. 7; Ramírez & Grismado 1996 , fig. 1).............. 13 - Embolus uniformly straight, without apical neck ( Platnick 1975 , figs 90–91)..................................... 14 13(12) Embolus inserted in the distal half of the palpal bulb ( Castro et al. 2015 , fig. 8b–c; Ramírez & Grismado 1996 , fig. 1)... F. tijuca - Embolus inserted in the proximal half of the palpal bulb ( Buckup & Ott 2004 , fig. 7)........................... F. saira 14(12) Embolus with a folded lateral ridge ( Platnick 1975 , figs 90–91)........................................... F. acuta - Embolus straight, without lateral ridges............................................................. F. dasilvai 15(11) Embolus inserted in the distal half of the palpal bulb ( Castro et al. 2015 , fig. 8b–c; Ramírez & Grismado 1996 , fig. 1).... 16 - Embolus inserted in the proximal half of the palpal bulb ( Buckup & Ott 2004 , fig. 7)............................... 17 16(15) Embolus with a bifid apex ( Platnick 1975 , fig. 92)..................................................... F. divisa - Embolus without bifid apex ( Figs 5d–e )..................................................... F. angeloi sp. nov. 17(15) Embolus with a retrolateral insertion ( Figs 5a–b )............................................ F. fernandoi sp. nov. - Embolus with ventral insertion ( Grismado 2002 , fig. 3)................................................. F. takutu 18(1) Female internal genitalia with short receptacles ( Cala-Riquelme et al. 2018 , fig. 34; Platnick 1975 , fig. 20)............. 19 - Female internal genitalia with very developed and globose receptacles ( Fig. 5c )................................... 20 19(18) Receptacles thin and curved at the tip, wider at the base ( Cala-Riquelme et al. 2018 , fig. 34)................. F. eduardoi - Receptacles small and rounded ( Platnick 1975 , fig. 20)................................................. F. acuta 20(18) Receptacles apart from the pore plates, anteriorly positioned ( Fig. 5c )........................................... 21 - Receptacles positioned dorsally to the pore plates ( Platnick et al. 1999 , fig. 27)................................... 22 21(20) Pore plates with two rounded branches, directed anteriorly ( Cala-Riquelme et al. 2018 , fig. 28).............. F. andersoni - Pore plates with two thin branches, directed posteriorly ( Fig. 5c )................................ F. fernandoi sp. nov. 22(20) Receptacles ovoid or semicircular, without constrictions ( Platnick 1975 , fig. 89).................................. 23 - Receptacles with constrictions ( Castro et al. 2015 , fig. 8a).................................................... 25 23(22) Receptacles superimposed medially ( Castro et al. 2015 , fig. 6a)...................................... F. jurubatiba - Receptacles separated medially ( Platnick 1975 , fig. 89)...................................................... 24 24(23) Receptacles with pointed posterior border ( Platnick 1975 , fig. 89).......................................... F. pelta - Receptacles with rounded posterior border......................................................... F. dasilvai 25(22) Pore plates widely separated from each other ( Ott & Ott 2014 , fig. 13)...................................... F. nica - Pore plates very close to each other, medially ( Castro et al. 2015 , fig. 8a)........................................ 26 26(25) Receptacles with anterior half wider than the posterior half ( Castro et al. 2015 , fig. 8a)......................... F. tijuca - Receptacles with posterior half wider than the anterior half ( Piacentini et al. 2013 , fig. 6b).................... F. pulchra