Taxonomy of Rufocumbre gen. nov., a new Moncini skipper genus (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae) Author Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo Author Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik Author Casagrande, Mirna Martins text Zootaxa 2017 2017-12-18 4365 2 196 216 journal article 31145 10.11646/zootaxa.4365.2.5 f910478a-92a3-4de6-8d96-d8d37ce28163 1175-5326 1117608 D9EA4014-FE5B-4F23-86F8-9E2853A312C2 Rufocumbre celioi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1221FCE2-E18E-4312-A942-9333179FC92D Figs 1–4 , 21 , 26–29 , 33 , 38 , 43 , 54 . Cumbre belli belli [misidentification] ; Evans, 1955 . Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4 , p. 170, pl. 65 (male gen.).- Biezanko & Mielke, 1973. Acta biol. paranaense 2 : 86.- C. Mielke, 1995. Revta bras. Zool. 11 : 765.- Mielke, 2004 . Hesperioidea, p. 65, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea , in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A .- Mielke, 2005 . Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 4 , p. 902. Cumbre belli eberti [misidentification] ; Biezanko, 1963. Arq. Ent., sér. A , Pelotas, p. 18. Cumbre belli [misidentification] ; Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1 , p. 15; 2 , p. 10.- Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1 , p. 24; 2 , p. 17.- Warren; Ogawa & Brower, 2008 . Cladistics 24 : 33.- Warren; Ogawa & Brower, 2009 . Syst. Ent. 34 : 523. Cumbre sp. n. ; Dolibaina; Mielke & Casagrande, 2011 . Biota Neotrop. 11 (1): 345. Cumbre sp.; Carneiro; Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 . Zootaxa 3931 (2): 198, 211. Diagnosis. Rufocumbre celioi sp. nov. is distinguished from R. eberti stat. nov., comb. nov. , R. schneideri sp. nov. and R. lucasi sp. nov. by the uncus slightly bifid; aedeagus longer than two times the combined length of tegumen+uncus; aedeagus distal margin bifid, with the projections divergent ( Fig. 33 ); lamella antevaginalis absent; ductus bursae with an irregular and partially sclerotized area near the insertion with corpus bursae; corpus bursae with two weak lateral lines of signa, shorter than half of the corpus bursae length ( Fig. 38 ). All these features are shared with R. emeryi sp. nov. ( Figs 34 , 39 ), from which R. celioi sp. nov. can be distinguished by the arms of uncus rounded; distal spine of harpe longer, exceeding the distal margin of ampulla; proximal margin of ampulla with a rounded projection ( Fig. 33 ); distal margin of lamella postvaginalis with two shorter projections, distant from each other by a larger distance ( Fig. 38 ). Description. Forewing length : Males 13.8-17.8 mm, females 14.9-18.2 mm. Forewing dorsal ( Figs 1, 3 , 21 , 26–29 ): Brand reduced, inferior projection reduced to absent. Hind wing ventral ( Figs 2, 4 ): Basal and postdiscal bands orange, without gray to purple scales on the basal band; discal band with the distal margin slightly rounded, separated from the submarginal band by a short distance. Male genitalia ( Figs 33 ): Uncus slightly bifid, arms rounded; sacculus uniformly rectangular, about 1/5 of the width of valva; ampulla with a broad rounded proximal projection; distal spine of harpe greatly exceeding the distal margin of ampulla; aedeagus more than 2.5 times longer than the combined length of tegumen+uncus, distal margin bifid, projections divergent. Female genitalia ( Figs 38 , 43 ): Lamella antevaginalis absent; distal margin of lamella postvaginalis bifid, with two short and pointed projections, distant from each other by a wide distance; ductus bursae with an irregular, partially sclerotized area near the insertion with corpus bursae; two weak lines of signa, as long as half of the length of corpus bursae. Comments. In the description of the genus Cumbre , Evans (1955) incorrectly applied the name Phanes belli Hayward, 1939 to R. celioi sp. nov. Based on this misinterpretation, he described the subspecies C. belli eberti . During the revision of Cumbre , Dolibaina et al. (2014) concluded that Phanes belli is a junior subjective synonym of Poanes meridionalis Hayward, 1934 . In addition, Dolibaina et al. (2014) revealed the error of Evans (1955) and subsequent authors, to misidentify Rufocumbre celioi sp. nov. as Cumbre belli (see the catalogue above). Despite the correct placement of C. belli eberti in Rufocumbre , it is not closely allied to R. celioi sp. nov. , supporting its treatment as a distinct species (see the discussion in R. eberti stat. nov., comb. nov. ). Specimens of R. celioi sp. nov. from Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states are larger, and have a more developed brand ( Fig. 26 ) compared with the general phenotype found in specimens from southern Brazil ( Figs 27–29 ), but no morphological distinctions in the male and female genitalia were observed throughout the range of this species. Geographical distribution and phenology . This species is currently known from the states of Minas Gerais to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in altitudes from 10 m (Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul) to 1500 m (Catas Altas, Minas Gerais) ( Fig. 54 ). A female deposited in DZUP under the number DZ 15.605 and labelled as collected in “Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil” was not included in the present study because R. celioi sp. nov. is only found in areas of Atlantic forest, whereas Imperatriz is an ecotone between Amazonian and Cerrado, located more than 1,500 Km northwest apart from the northernmost record confirmed for R. celioi sp. nov. (Catas Altas, Minas Gerais).The studied specimens of R. celioi sp. nov. were collected throughout the year except between June and August. Etymology. This species is dedicated to Father Célio Maria Dell’Amore, a friend and manager of the RPPN (Private Reserve of the Natural Heritage) Caraça, Catas Altas, Minas Gerais who enthusiastically welcomed Drs. Olaf H. H. Mielke and Mirna M. Casagrande in 2003. Examined material. The holotype male has the following labels: / HOLOTYPUS / Vossoroca, Tijucas do Sul, P[a]R[aná], Brasil 850m 8.II.1981 Mielke leg. / DZ 17.115 / Holotypus Rufocumbre celioi Dolibaina, Mielke & Casagrande det. 2017/. DZUP . The female allotype has the following labels: / ALLOTYPUS / 20-II-1997 Morro da Igreja, 1400m Urubici, S[anta]C[atarina], Brasil O.-E. Mielke leg. / Gen. Prep. Dolibaina 2010 / OM 45.490 / Allotypus Rufocumbre celioi Dolibaina, Mielke & Casagrande det. 2017/. DZUP. FIGURES 21–25. Male brand in dorsal forewing of species of Rufocumbre . 21, R. celioi sp. nov. , paratype from Boa Vista, Tibagi, Paraná, Brazil (OM 52.771). 22, R. emeryi sp. nov. , paratype from Córrego Grotão, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil (DZ 8.676). 23, R. eberti stat. nov., comb. nov. , from Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil (OM 65.904). 24, R. schneideri sp. nov. , paratype from RPPN Ninho do Corvo, Prudentópolis, Paraná, Brazil (DD 207). 25, R. lucasi sp. nov. , paratype from Morro do Pai Inácio, Palmeiras, Bahia, Brazil (OM 50.016). Scale bar = 1 mm. Paratypes: BRAZIL – Minas Gerais : Barbacena (Serra da Mantiqueira), 1100 m, 29.XI.1951, Ebert leg . 1 female (DZ 15.353*) (DZUP); Catas Altas (Caraça), 1300-1500 m, 1-5.II.1985, Mielke & Casagrande leg. 6 males and 7 females (DZ 17.077*, DZ 15.750*, DZ 15.778*, DZ 15.799*, DZ 15.374*, DZ 17.106, DZ 15.332*, DZ 17.086, DZ 17.100, DZ 17.072, DZ 17.099, DZ 17.084, DZ 15.813*) (DZUP), 1300 m, 1.XII.1988, O. & E. Mielke leg. 1 male (OM 19.364) (OM), 16-18.IX.2006, Mielke & Casagrande leg. 1 male and 1 female (DZ 15.577*, DZ 10.011*) (DZUP), 1400 m, 9.I.2002, C. Mielke leg. 1 female (OM 55.626) (OM). Rio de Janeiro : Nova Friburgo , 1300 m, 25.I.2007, Grossi leg. 1 male (DZ 15.792*) (DZUP), 1100 m, 29.IV-3.V.2001, Moser leg . 1 female (CLAM). São Paulo : Atibaia (Pedra Grande), 1200-1500 m, 31.XII.2001, Moser leg. 1 female (CLAM). Paraná : Balsa Nova (São Luis do Purunã), 900 m, 25.III.1984, O. & C. Mielke leg. 1 male (DZ 16.312*) (DZUP), 1000 m, 24-25.XI.2007, Beltrami & Selusniaki leg. 1 male (DZ 15.722*) (DZUP); Campina Grande do Sul (Pico Paraná), 1300 m, 27.II.1994, O. & C. Mielke leg. 1 male (OM 38.041*) (OM), (Morro do Caratuva), 1330 m, 19.II.2009, E. Carneiro leg. 1 male (DZ 36.532) (DZUP), 1207 m, 5.III.2009, E. Carneiro leg. 1 male and 1 female (DZ 22.403*, DZ 36.873) (DZUP), 1310 m, 5.III.2009, E. Carneiro leg. 1 female (DZ 22.393*) (DZUP), 1390 m, 5.III.2009, E. Carneiro leg. 1 male (DZ 36.883) (DZUP); Candói (Águas de Santa Clara), 650 m, 21.XI.1986, Mielke & Casagrande leg. 1 male (DZ 17.112*) (DZUP); Castro , 1000 m, 26.I.1972, Mielke & Tangerini leg. 1 male (DZ 17.119*) (DZUP); Colombo , 1030 m, 3.XII.1970, Mielke & Lauterjung leg. 1 male (DZ 17.113) (DZUP); Curitiba , 900 m, 9.X.1966, O. Mielke leg. 1 male (DZ 17.089) (DZUP), 14.II.1967, O. Mielke leg. 1 male (DZ 17.110*) (DZUP), 3.III.1969, O. Mielke leg. 1 male (DZ 950*) (DZUP), 18.II.1971, O. Mielke leg. 1 male (DZ 938*) (DZUP), 9.III.1971, O. Mielke leg. 2 males (DZ 17.088, DZ 17.111) (DZUP), 5.IV.1974, O. Mielke leg. 1 male (DZ 17.092) (DZUP), 12.IV.1975, O. Mielke leg. 1 male (DZ 17.109) (DZUP); Imbituva , 850 m, 3.IV.1971, Moure & Mielke leg. 1 female (DZ 17.121) (DZUP); Ponta Grossa (Parque Estadual de Vila Velha), 900 m, 21.III.2002, Mielke leg. 1 female (DZ 10.283*) (DZUP); Tibagi (Boa Vista), 1200 m, 17.II.2001, O. & C. Mielke leg. 1 male (OM 52.771*) (OM)), (Parque Estadual do Guartelá), 1000 m, 11-12.II.2016, Dolibaina, Carneiro & Warren leg . (DD 217) (DD); Turvo (Britador), 1000 m, 15.II.2010, Dolibaina leg. 1 male (DZ 16.655*) (DZUP), 24-30.XII.2010, Dolibaina leg. 1 female (DD 210) (DD), (Salto do Paulinho Rickli), 1050 m, 5. II.2011 , Dolibaina leg. 1 female (DD 211) (DD), 7.II.2016, Dolibaina & A. Warren leg. 4 males and 1 female (DD 208, DD 212, DD 213, DD 214, DD 209) (DD). Santa Catarina : Fraiburgo , 1000 m, 23.I.1997, Mielke & Casagrande leg. 1 female (OM 43.853) (OM); Joaçaba (Fragmento Urbano), 3.XI.2016, E. Orlandin leg. 1 female (DZ 36.712) (DZUP), (Parque Municipal Rio do Peixe), 6.XI.2016, E. Orlandin leg. 1 male (DZ 36.702) (DZUP); Lages (Parque Pedras Brancas), 920 m, 13.II.1973, Mielke & Sakakibara leg. 2 males and 3 females (DZ 17.137, DZ 17.144*, DZ 17.123, DZ 17.130, DZ 17.143*) (DZUP), 900 m, 13.I.1996, Moser leg. 4 males (CLAM); Mafra (Bituva), 850 m, 22.II.1982, Mielke leg. 7 males and 7 females (DZ 17.132, DZ 17.134, DZ 17.141, DZ 17.128, DZ 17.140*, DZ 17.142, DZ 17.146, DZ 17.136, DZ 17.124*, DZ 17.139, DZ 17.126*, DZ 8.669, DZ 17.129, DZ 10.372*) (DZUP); Monte Castelo , 800 m, 24.I.1997, Mielke & Casagrande leg. 1 male (OM 43.733*) (OM); Santa Cecília (Campo Alto), 1200 m, 12.II.1973, Mielke & Sakakibara leg. 1 female (DZ 17.135) (DZUP), 22.II.1973, Mielke leg. 1 female (DZ 17.138) (DZUP); São Bento do Sul (Rio Vermelho), 850 m, 15.III.1981, Mielke & Rank leg. 1 female (DZ 17.131) (DZUP); São Joaquim (Planalto de Lages), 1300 m, 2-4.II.1973, H.-H. D. Ebert leg. 1 male (DZ 17.127) (DZUP); Seara (Nova Teotônia), 300-500 m, X.1960, Plaumann leg. 1 female (DZ 17.145) (DZUP), III.1975, Plaumann leg. 1 male (DZ 17.133*) (DZUP), (Concórdia), 550 m, X.1963, Plaumann leg. 1 male (DZ 17.125) (DZUP); Urubici (Morro da Igreja), 1400 m, 20.II.1997, O. & E. Mielke leg. 10 males and 3 females (OM 45.521*, OM 45.537, OM 40.758, OM 40.718, OM 40.750, OM 45.513, OM 45.386, OM 40.702, OM 44.027, OM 48.253*, OM 40.734, OM 40.726, OM 45.529) (OM). Rio Grande do Sul : Garibaldi , 650 m, 16.XI.1997, Moser leg. 1 male (CLAM); Gramado , 820 m, 25.I.1973, Ebert leg. 1 male (DZ 17.116) (DZUP), 29.I.1973, Ebert leg. 1 male and 1 female (DZ 17.118*, DZ 17.120) (DZUP); Morro Reuter (Fazenda Padre Eterno), 700 m, 9.III.1996, Moser leg. 1 male and 1 female (CLAM), 15.XI.1997, Moser leg. 1 male and 2 females (CLAM), 2.IV.2000, Moser leg. 2 females (CLAM), 500 m, 24-28.XII.1996, Moser leg. 1 male (CLAM), 19.III.2000, Moser leg. 1 male (DZ 21.054) (DZUP); Pelotas , 10 m, 3.III.1956, Biezanko leg. 1 male (DZ 939*) (DZUP), 1.IV.1963, Biezanko leg. 1 male (DZ 17.122) (DZUP); São José dos Ausentes (Fazenda Potreirinhos), 1200 m, 2-4.II.2002, Moser leg. 1 male and 1 female (CLAM).