Revisiting the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae) in Kazakhstan, the country with the richest tulip diversity worldwide Author Kubentayev, Serik A. 0000-0002-0369-0591 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj 0000-0003-4224-9376 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea Author Alibekov, Daniyar T. 0000-0003-1555-1430 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh. 0000-0003-2846-5777 Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan Author Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu 0000-0002-9110-423X Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea Author Ivashchenko, Anna A. 0000-0002-8526-4296 Institute of Zoology, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan Author Tsegmed, Zagarjav 0000-0002-6024-4918 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea Author Epiktetov, Vladimir G. 0000-0001-5406-0568 Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan Author Sitpayeva, Gulnara T. 0000-0003-4614-6155 Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan Author Izbastina, Klara S. 0000-0002-6418-1950 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Idrissova, Zhansaya T. 0000-0003-3231-8518 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Mukhtubayeva, Saule K. 0000-0001-5921-3113 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Abubakirova, Nurganym B. 0000-0002-7503-0955 Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan Author Gil, Hee-Young 0000-0003-3714-0827 Department of Forest Biodiversity and Herbarium, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea Author Choi, Hyeok Jae 0000-0001-6315-0071 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea text PhytoKeys 2024 2024-12-23 250 95 163 journal article 10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736 Tulipa suaveolens Roth, Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 10: 44 (1794) . Fig. 39 Type . Kazakhstan • ‘ Deserta Caspica’, Pallas ( neotype BM!) [ neotype designated by Christenhusz et al. 2013: 320 ]. General distribution. Kazakhstan , Krym, North Caucasus, and Transcaucasus ( POWO 2024 ). Distribution in Kazakhstan and habitat. Aktobe, Turgay, Bukeev, Emba, Mugojary, Caspian region, Syrt, Tobol-Ishim, Western Upland, Aral region, and Ulytau. This species grows on steppe and semi-desert areas. Conservation status. The IUCN conservation status of this species has not yet been assessed. It is included in the Red Book of Kazakhstan (Category III ). Phenology. Flowering in March – April; fruiting in May – June. Notes. This species is usually reported under T. schrenkii Regel , which was first described from the Yesil River valley in 1873. However, the older name T. suaveolens takes precedence ( Christenhusz et al. 2013 ). Christenhusz et al. (2013) provided lectotyping of T. suaveolens from a specimen collected in the wild, securing the name for wild plants. In Kazakhstan , this species is found in the Caspian region to the Eastern Shallow Basin and from the northern borders of the country to the northern part of Mangystau ( Ivashchenko and Belyalov 2019 ). Figure 39. Tulipa suaveolens in Kazakhstan A, B general habits C flowers showing color variation of the species D tepals of two different color morphs E gynoecium F stamens G bulb and bulb sheath. (Photos: A – G by S. Kubentayev).