Illustrated identification key to females of the genus Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy recorded from Brazil (Diptera: Culicidae), in dichotomous and interactive formats, including an updated list of species and new records for the states Author Neves, Maycon Sebastião Alberto Santos 0000-0001-7190-5489 Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. mayconsn@ioc.fiocruz.br Author Motta, Monique Albuquerque 0000-0001-9997-3838 Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. mmotta@ioc.fiocruz.br Author Maciel-De-Freitas, Rafael Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. & Department of Arbovirology and Entomology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht Straβe 74, PLZ 20395, Hamburg, Germany. Author Xavier, Alexandre Da Silva 0000-0003-2669-2466 Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. axavier@ioc.fiocruz.br Author Lourenço-De-Oliveira, Ricardo 0000-0003-0423-5694 Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. lourenco@ioc.fiocruz.br Author Silva-Do-Nascimento, Teresa Fernandes 0000-0002-9895-7198 Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. teresa.nascimento@ioc.fiocruz.br text Zootaxa 2024 2024-02-05 5406 2 253 287 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5406.2.3 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.2.3 1175-5326 10618240 F8B20BCE-9D3C-46AD-8CDE-FFDEF7CD989B Key to the adult females of Sabethes species recorded in Brazil 1. Prealar setae present ( Fig. 1A ) (subgenus Davismyia )................................................ petrocchiae - Prealar setae absent ( Fig. 1B )........................................................................... 2 2(1). Upper proepisternal setae present ( Fig. 1A )................................................................ 3 - Upper proepisternal setae absent ( Fig. 1B ) (subgenus Sabethes )................................................ 7 3(2). Midtarsus with white scaling ( Fig. 1E ) (subgenus Sabethoides )................................................ 4 - Midtarsus entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 1F ).................................................................. 21 4(3). Upper mesepimeral setae short, not reaching mid area of mesopostnotum, reaching only the lateral area ( Fig. 2A )........ 5 - Upper mesepimeral setae long, reaching mid area of mesopostnotum ( Fig. 2B ).................................... 6 5(4). Midtarsus white-scaled from base of tarsomere 2 to apex of tarsomere 4 ( Fig. 2C ); abdominal terga V and VI with lateral spot of silver scales expanded toward the apex like an angular incision ( Fig. 2E )............................. chloropterus - Midtarsus white-scaled from base of tarsomere 3 to apex or almost to the apex of tasomere 4 ( Fig. 2D ); abdominal terga V and VI with lateral spot of silver scales limited to base ( Fig. 2F )............................................. conditus 6(4). Antepronotum with blue scales dorsally ( Fig. 2G )................................................... tridentatus - Antepronotum with greenish scales dorsally ( Fig. 2H )............................................. glaucodaemon 7(2). Midtarsus entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 1F )................................................................... 8 Midtarsus white-scaled ( Fig. 1E )....................................................................... 15 8(7). Midleg without paddles ( Fig. 3A )................................................................ purpureus FIGURE 1 . Lateral aspect of the thorax and midlegs.A, Prealar area of Sa. petrocchiae . B, Prealar area and proepisternum of Sa. albiprivus . C, Proepisternal setae and lower mesokatepisternal seta of Sa identicus . D, Mesokatepisternum of Sa. melanonymphe . E, F, Midtarsi (E, Sa. tridentatus ; F, Sa. xhyphydes ). - Midleg with paddles ( Fig. 3B )........................................................................... 9 9(8). Upper mesepimeral setae black; a single yellowish seta may be present among the black setae ( Fig. 3C )............... 10 - Upper mesepimeral setae yellowish ( Fig. 3D )............................................................. 13 10(9). Postpronotum entirely blue-scaled ( Fig. 3E )............................................................... 11 - Postpronotum covered with blue scales dorsally, with pale golden scales ventrally ( Fig. 3F )......................... 12 11(10). Abdominal segments VI and VII with colors separated laterally in a straight line ( Fig. 4A )....................... batesi - Adominal segments VI and VII with colors separated laterally by rounded incisions ( Fig. 4B ).................. cyaneus FIGURE 2 . A, B, Upper mesepimeral setae (A, Sa. chloropterus ; B, Sa. tridentatus ). C, D, Midtarsi (C, Sa. chloropterus ; D, Sa. conditus ). E, F, Abdominal terga, lateral view (E, Sa. chloropterus ; F, Sa. conditus ). G, H, Lateral aspects of scutum and antepronotum (G, Sa . tridentatus ; H, Sa . glaucodaemon ). FIGURE 3 . A, B, Midlegs (A, S a . purpureus ; B, Sa . albiprivus ). C, D, Upper mesepimerals setae (C, Sabethes spixi ; D, Sa. albiprivus ). E, F, Lateral aspect of thorax (E, Sa . batesi ; F, Sa . lanei ). 12(10). Scutum entirely covered with blue scales ( Fig. 4C ); ventral surface of midfemora with a line of scales with pale golden reflection ( Fig. 4G )................................................................................ lanei - Scutum covered with greenish scales, scales of antealar and supralar areas with golden reflections ( Fig. 4D ); midfemora dark-scaled ventral surface ( Fig. 4H )....................................................................... spixi 13(9). Antepronotum with violaceous scales dorsally, contrasting with blue coloration of scutum ( Figs 4E , 8A ).. albiprivus (in part) - Antepronotum with blue scales dorsally, similar to coloration of scutum ( Fig. 4F )................................. 14 14(13). Postpronotum entirely blue-scaled ( Fig. 3F )...................................................... quasicyaneus - Postpronotum with dorsal area covered with blue scales and ventral area with slightly golden scales ( Figs. 3E , 8B ).............................................................................................. albiprivus (in part) FIGURE 4 . A, B, Abdomen, lateral view (A, Sa . batesi ; B, Sa . cyaneus ). C, D, Scutum, lateral view (C, Sa . lanei ; D, Sa . spixi ). E, F, Vertex, antepronotum and anterior portion of scutum, dorsal view (E, F, Sa . albiprivus ). G, H, Midfemur, ventral view (G, Sa. lanei ; H, Sa . spixi ). FIGURE 5 . A, B, Scutum, dorsal view (A, Sa . bipartipes ; B, Sa. gymnothorax ). C, Mesopostnotum of Sa. gymnothorax . D, E, Foretarsus (D, Sa . tarsopus ; E, Sa . belisarioi ). F, G, Proboscis, ventral view (F, Sa . undosus ; G, Sa. identicus ; H, Sa . soperi ). FIGURE 6 . A, B, Scutum, dorsal view (A, Sa . shannoni ; B, Sa . identicus ). C, D, Hindtarsomere 5 (C, Sa. undosus ; D, Sa . identicus ). 15(7). Scutum with median dark stripe distinct from bluish and golden lateral areas ( Fig. 5A )...................... bipartipes - Scutum without median dark stripe, entirely covered with scales of same color ( Fig. 5B )........................... 16 16(15). Upper mesepimeral setae long, reaching mid area of mesopostnotum ( Fig. 2B )................................... 17 - Upper mesepimeral setae short, not reaching mid area of mesopostnotum, reaching only the lateral area ( Fig. 2A )....... 19 17(16). Mesopostnotum with spot of silvery-white scales ( Fig. 5C ).......................................... gymnothorax - Mesoposnotum without spot of silvery-white scales ( Fig. 3D )................................................. 18 18(17). Foretarsus white-scaled from tarsomere 3 to basal half of tarsomere 5.................................. amazonicus - Foretarsus white-scaled from apical half of tarsomere 2 to of tarsomere 4................................. forattinii 19(16). Foretarsomere 3 entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 5D ).................................................. tarsopus / ortizi - Foretarsomere 3 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 5E )........................................................... 20 20(19). Foretarsomeres 2 and 3 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 5E )............................................... belisarioi - Foretarsus white-scaled ventrally from apical half of tarsomere 2 to basal half of tarsomere 4................. cerqueirai 21(3). Lower mesokatepisternal seta present ( Fig. 1C ) (subgenus Peytonulus )......................................... 22 - Lower mesokatepisternal seta absent ( Fig. 1D ) (subgenus Sabethinus ).......................................... 30 22(21). Scutum covered with dull scales, without metallic sheen ( Fig. 6A )....................................... shannoni - Scutum covered with brilliant metallic-colored scaling ( Fig. 6B ).............................................. 23 23(22). Proboscis entirely dark-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 5F ).......................................................... 24 - Proboscis with pale scales ventrally ( Fig. 5G, H )........................................................... 26 24(23). Hindtarsomere 5 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6C ).......................................................... 25 - Hindtarsomere 5 entirely dark-scaled ( Fig.6D )......................................................... ignotus 25(24). Antepronotum with violaceous scaling dorsally....................................................... undosus - Antepronotum with violaceous and blue scaling dorsally............................................ hadrognathus 26(23). Proboscis with spot of pale scales ventrally ( Fig. 5H )....................................................... 27 - Proboscis with line of pale scales ventrally ( Fig. 5G )........................................................ 29 27(26). Hindtarsomere 5 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6C ).......................................................... 28 - Hindtarsomere 5 dark-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6D )..................................................... whitmani 28(27). Antepronotum with violaceous scaling dorsally......................................................... soperi - Antepronotum with blue scaling dorsally............................................................. fabricii 29(26). Hindtarsomere 5 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6C ).................................................... aurescens - Hindtarsomere 5 entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 6D )...................................................... identicus 30(21).Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with same metallic coloration ( Fig. 7A, B )................................ 31 - Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with distinct metallic coloration ( Fig. 7C )................................ 32 31(30). Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with violaceous reflections ( Fig. 7A )............................ intermedius - Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with bluish reflections ( Fig. 7B ).............................. melanonymphe 32(30). Vertex predominantly with violaceous reflections and dorsal area of antepronotum with azure blue reflections ( Fig. 7C )................................................................................................ xhyphydes Vertex predominantly with violaceous reflections and atepronotum with some violaceous reflections............ idiogenes