Inland fishes of the Arabian Peninsula: Review and a revised checklist Author Esmaeili, Hamid Reza Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Author Hamidan, Neshat Conservation Monitoring Centre, The Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature, Amman, Jordan text Zootaxa 2023 2023-08-15 5330 2 201 226 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.2 journal article 54377 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.2 917715f5-0eb8-41fb-9436-99a1181a5b9b 1175-5326 8249316 AA61E68D-3A1B-45BD-821F-E6AD862F6808 39. Oreochromis niloticus ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) ― Nile Tilapia― Exotic Taxonomy. Original description: Perca nilotica Linnaeus, 1758:290 [ from Nile River ; Holotype :? NRM LP 10 ]. Synonyms: Chromis triacantha Bowdich, 1825 ; Tilapia calciati Gianferrari, 1924 ; Tilapia regani Poll, 1932 ; Tilapia vulcani Trewavas, 1933 ; Tilapia inducta Trewavas, 1933 . Status in the Arabian Peninsula. Recorded from Saudi Arabia , Oman , UAE , and Yemen ( Al-Kahem-Al-Balawi et al. 2008 , Freyhof et al. 2020 , and Esmaeili et al. 2022 ). General distribution. North and East Africa. Widely introduced elsewhere, including Mississippi and Florida ( U.S.A. ), Mexico , Honduras , Costa Rica , Brazil , Ecuador , Uruguay , Argentina , Madagascar , Malaysia , Indonesia , Philippines , and southern Japan . Habitat: freshwater, brackish. Distribution in the Arabian Peninsula. Saudi Arabia , Oman , UAE , and Yemen : It is widely distributed and established in Wadis and Aflaj. Economic importance. Locally commercially important. Reasons of introduction. Aquaculture, research, and mosquito control. Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).