A new classification system and taxonomic synopsis for Malpighiaceae (Malpighiales, Rosids) based on molecular phylogenetics, morphology, palynology, and chemistry Author de Almeida, Rafael F. 0000-0002-9562-9287 Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sudoeste, Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil & Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK Author de Morais, Isa L. 0000-0001-8748-9723 Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sudoeste, Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil Author Alves-Silva, Thais https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0760-6019 Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sudoeste, Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil Author Antonio-Domingues, Higor 0000-0001-9405-1930 Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK Author Pellegrini, Marco O. O. 0000-0002-8783-1362 Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK text PhytoKeys 2024 2024-05-22 242 69 138 journal article 10.3897/phytokeys.242.117469 2.7. 2. Callaeum Small in Britton & al., N . Amer. Fl. 25: 128. 1910. = Cabi Ducke , Arq. Serv. Florest. 2 (1): 13. 1943. Type species: Cabi paraensis Ducke [= Callaeum antifebrile (Griseb.) D. M. Johnson ]. Type species. Callaeum nicaraguense (Griseb.) Small. Notes. Callaeum comprises 11 currently accepted species (five threatened species; Suppl. material 1 ) of scandent shrubs or lianas endemic to rainforests, savannas, and seasonally dry tropical forests from the United States (North America) to Argentina (South America; POWO 2024 ). For an identification key for all species of Callaeum , see Johnson (1986) .