<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.57399" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9ad8e06a-08f7-4985-bee0-3bff04961a37" ID-PMC="PMC7642130" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-165-85" ID-Pensoft-UUID="12FF5EC029BD5F37A605690923337512" ID-PubMed="33192148" ModsDocID="1314-2003-165-85" checkinTime="1603924959417" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wei, Neng, Zhong, Zhi-Xiang, Melly, David Kimutai, Kipkoech, Solomon, Watuma, Benjamin Muema, Ngumbau, Veronicah Mutele, Kamau, Peris, Hu, Guang-Wan &amp; Wang, Qing-Feng" docDate="2020" docId="E886B507920758FD800E021876EA4B7A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 165: 85-98" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 165" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.57399" docTitle="Zehneria grandibracteata G. W. Hu, Neng Wei &amp; Q. F. Wang 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="12FF5EC029BD5F37A605690923337512" lastPageNumber="85" masterDocId="12FF5EC029BD5F37A605690923337512" masterDocTitle="Zehneria grandibracteata (Cucurbitaceae), an overlooked new species from western Kenyan forests" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1668140109657" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Zehneria grandibracteata (Cucurbitaceae), an overlooked new species from western Kenyan forests</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wei, Neng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CN- 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-3912</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhong, Zhi-Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Melly, David Kimutai</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CN- 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1280-7103</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kipkoech, Solomon</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CN- 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-1776</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Watuma, Benjamin Muema</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CN- 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3677-6201</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Ngumbau, Veronicah Mutele</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CN- 100049, China &amp; East Africa Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, P. O. Box 451660 - 0100, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2545-8494</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kamau, Peris</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>East Africa Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, P. O. Box 451660 - 0100, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hu, Guang-Wan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-7976</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">guangwanhu@wbgcas.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Qing-Feng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China &amp; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN- 430074, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>165</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>85</mods:start>
<mods:end>98</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.57399</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.57399</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-165-85</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168653203" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E886B507920758FD800E021876EA4B7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E886B507920758FD800E021876EA4B7A" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName LSID="E886B507-9207-58FD-800E-021876EA4B7A" authority="G. W. Hu, Neng Wei &amp; Q. F. Wang" authorityName="G. W. Hu, Neng Wei &amp; Q. F. Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Zehneria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zehneria grandibracteata" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandibracteata" status="sp. nov.">Zehneria grandibracteata G.W. Hu, Neng Wei &amp; Q.F. Wang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="85">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Photographs showing vegetative characters of Zehneria grandibracteata A climbing stem of female plant in habitat B adaxial lamina C creeping stem D abaxial lamina E probracts at different developing stages F tendril and probract at base of female inflorescence. Scale in picture E represents cm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.165.57399.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468714" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figures 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs showing reproductive characters of Zehneria grandibracteata A male inflorescence B male flower, side view C male flower, top view D dissected male flower showing disc and stamens E female inflorescence F female flower, side view G female flower, top view H dissected female flower showing staminodes I pistil and disc J infructescence K cross-section of fruit. Scale bars: 2 mm (B-D, F-I); 1 cm (J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.165.57399.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468715" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">, 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
It is close to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. scabra" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Z. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs by its consistently ovate leafy probracts (linear minute or even absent in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. scabra" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Z. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), subglabrous condition of the entire plant (puberulous in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. scabra" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Z. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), shorter receptacle-tube (1.8-3 mm long vs. 2-5.5 mm in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. scabra" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Z. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and filaments (ca. 1.5 mm long vs. 1-2.5 mm in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. scabra" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Z. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), as well as sessile and denser inflorescences (cluster of 8-30 in male, 6-22 in female vs. 2-60 in male, 1-16 in female in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. scabra" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Z. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Dissimilar characters to distinguish Zehneria grandibracteata, Z. longiflora and Z. scabra, based on Jeffrey (1967, 1978), Wei et al. (2017) and own observations." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D866E2388CE6388CB1B4DA07D9210397" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" tableUuid="D866E2388CE6388CB1B4DA07D9210397">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
Kenya. Nandi County, South Nandi Forest, Morongiot area, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.06666667">0°04'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="35.0">35°00'E</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 1980 m, 20 April 2018, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Sino-Africa Joint Investigation Team</emphasis>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">SAJIT</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">006973</emphasis>
(Female) (holotype HIB!; isotype EA!, HIB!)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
Perennial climber, 8 m or longer; rhizome robust, woody when old, up to 2.5 cm in diam., roots slender, branched; stem many-branched, grooved, usually contorted when aged, sparsely puberulous except densely hairy at nodes. Leaves simple, petioles 2-7 cm long, grooved adaxially, subglabrous; blades 38-65 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
28-46 mm, ovate-cordate in outline, shallowly 3-lobed occasionally, membraneous, subglabrous, deeply cordate to subtruncate at base, margin slightly sinuate-toothed, apex acuminate and apiculate; scabrid-punctate above, 3-11 main veins sunken adaxially and protrudent abaxially, with sparsely-scattered bristles on both sides, especially on veins and margins; tendrils simple, up to 15 cm long. Dioecious. Inflorescence base with a well-developed leafy probract, up to 18 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12 mm, ovate, incurved, beak-like, persistent, 2-3 main veins from base, base cordate, apex acuminate. Male inflorescences axillary, sessile, subumbelliform, 8- to 30-flowered, pedicels 3-12 mm long; receptacle-tube 1.8-3 mm long, campanulate, greenish-cream, turning into orange when aged, inner surface densely hairy, outside surface glabrous; sepal lobes 5, ca. 1 mm long, dentiform, pale green; petal lobes 5, ca. 1.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5 mm, triangular-ovate, white, turning cream to orange when aged. Stamens 3, inserted in middle of tube; filaments ca. 1.5 mm long, subglabrous, lower half fused with tube; anthers ca.1 mm long, ellipsoid, 2-thecae; thecae 1 mm long, vertical, slightly curved, connective elliptic, with finely papillose hairs; disc ca. 1 mm in diam., depressed globose, obscurely trilobed, elevated. Female inflorescences axillary, sessile, 6- to 22-flowered in umbelliform clusters; pedicel 4-6 mm long; perianth similar to male flowers; ovary subglobose, glabrous, with evident neck up to 1 mm long; style 2-3.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma ca. 1.5 mm in diam., with 3 down-curved papillose lobes; staminodes 3, ca. 1.5 mm long, linear, glabrous, at base of the tube; disc ca. 1.8 mm in diam., annular, 3-lobed, surrounding base of style, free from tube. Fruits clustered, 8-10 mm in diam., subglobose, subglabrous, sparsely covered with tiny protuberances, turning from green to orange when mature; pedicel 5-10 mm long. Seed ovate in outline, narrowly bordered, lenticular, compressed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
Numerous populations of this new species have been documented in the western parts of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kenya’s">Kenya's</normalizedToken>
forests, including Morongiot and Kobujoi areas of South Nandi Forest, Kapsasur area of Nandi Centre, Yale River Trail of Kakamega Forest, Timbilil and Sambret Catchment area of south-western Mau Forest. It usually climbs over tree trunks or twines around shrubs in moist forests or at forest margin at elevations of 1950-2230 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
This new species was found in the western Kenyan forests with numerous localities. It is locally quite common in the wild and frequently grows in forests or at forest margins. Thus, we assess it to be &quot;Least Concern&quot; (LC) based on IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B12" refString="IUCN, 2001. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, United Kingdom" title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1." year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Flowering and fruiting from April to July and November to January, corresponding to the wet seasons of the bimodal rainfall pattern of this region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
The epithet &quot; 
<taxonomicName lsidName="grandibracteata" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="grandibracteata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">grandibracteata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; refers to the fairly large leafy probract of this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Additional specimens examined</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">(Paratypes).</emphasis>
Kenya. Nandi County, South Nandi Forest, Kobujoi area, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="34.95">34°57'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.06666667">0°04'N</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 1970 m, 11 December 2016, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">SAJIT 006670</emphasis>
(EA! HIB!); Nandi County, South Nandi Forest, Morongiot area, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.06666667">0°04'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="34.916668">34°55'E</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 1980 m, 19 April 2018, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">SAJIT 006966</emphasis>
(EA! HIB!) and 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">SAJIT 006968</emphasis>
(EA! HIB!); Nandi County, Nandi Centre, Kapsasur area, elev. 1970 m, 18 April 2018, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">SAJIT s.n.</emphasis>
(HIB!); Kakamega County, Kakamega Forest, Yale River Trail, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.26666668">0°16'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="34.866665">34°52'E</geoCoordinate>
, 7 January 2017, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">SAJIT s.n.</emphasis>
(HIB!); Kericho County, Changana Tea Estate, 5.3 miles south of Kericho Town, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.45">0°27'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="35.3">35°18'E</geoCoordinate>
, 22 November 1967, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Perdue R.E. and Kibuwa S.P. 9179</emphasis>
(BR! EA! K!); Kericho County, Sambret Catchment of southwestern Mau Forest, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.36666667">0°22'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="35.383335">35°23'E</geoCoordinate>
, 2160 m, 5 July 1962, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Kerfoot O. 3375</emphasis>
(EA! K!); Kericho County, Sambret Catchment of Southwestern Mau Forest, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.43333334">0°26'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="35.366665">35°22'E</geoCoordinate>
, 2230 m, 16 Jan 1963, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Kerfoot O. 4696</emphasis>
(EA!); Kericho County, Timbilil of southwestern Mau Forest, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.3">0°18'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="35.516666">35°31'E</geoCoordinate>
, 2130 m, Jan 1963, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Kerfoot O. 4708</emphasis>
(EA!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>