Systematic revision of Stegodera Martens, 1876 (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Camaenidae), with description of a new genus
Author
Chen, Zhe-Yu
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-8906
College of food science and engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
Author
Lyu, Zhi-Tong
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4891-3859
The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Author
Wu, Min
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5434-5544
School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
minwu1969@aliyun.com
text
ZooKeys
2021
2021-09-01
1059
1
21
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1059.68385
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1059.68385
1313-2970-1059-1
650D7F4C990E4CBF88E3F0CD38EEC377
ABC7C4F5491951E59A72F1FFC1BC0A5F
Stegodera Martens, 1876
Helix (Stegodera)
Martens in Pfeiffer 1876: 150;
Schmacker and Boettger 1894
: 173.
Stegodera
. -
Pilsbry 1905
: 64,
Yen 1939
: 126;
Zilch 1960
: 610;
Schileyko 2003
: 1512.
Steganodera
Kobelt, 1879: 236 (incorrect subsequent spelling or unjustified emendation);
Schileyko 2003
: 1512 (syn pro
Stegodera
Martens, 1876).
Plectopylis (Stegodera)
. - Pilsbry 1894: 147.
Planispira (Stegodera)
. -
Thiele 1931
: 681.
Type species.
Helix angusticollis
Martens, 1875, by original designation.
Diagnosis.
Shell sinistral. Apical whorls with dense fine ribs that gradually becoming granules. The last 1/4 body whorl compressed, apically covering the contacted penultimate whorl. Peristome expanded and slightly reflexed. Head wart absent. Each side of mantle edge with a leaf-shaped appendage. Penis sheath weakly present. Penis externally simple. Epiphallic papilla absent. Flagellum present. Dart sac apparatus present. Accessory sac well developed. Mucous glands with numerous gland tubes. Membranous sac surrounding terminal genitalia absent. Poly-layered structure in dart sac and/or accessory sac absent.
Remarks.
This genus was considered as a subgenus of
Helix
Linnaeus, 1758 or
Plectopylis
Benson, 1860 for some time (Martens 1876;
Schmacker and Boettger 1894
; Pilsbry 1894).
Pilsbry (1905)
formally established its independent status.
Stegodera
and
Traumatophora
Ancey, 1887 were considered to be closely related, and
Traumatophora
was once treated as a subgenus of
Stegodera
(
Pilsbry 1905
;
Gude 1920
).
Pilsbry (1905)
believed that the two shallow grooves in the throat area of
Stegodera
are likely to be homologous to the dentition in
Traumatophora
.
In light of the genital system,
Stegodera
shares with
Nesiohelix
the most important character states like the presences of flagellum, numerous tubes of mucous glands and the papilla distally leading to mucous glands on the inner wall of the accessory sac, and the absences of the epiphallic papilla, poly-layered structure in dart sac apparatus and membranous sac surrounding terminal genitalia (
Wu 2019
). The close relationship between them in genitalia is supported by the phylogenetic result of this work (Fig.
1A, B
).