Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species
Author
Tongkerd, Piyoros
Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Author
Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn
Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Present address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
Author
Inkhavilay, Khamla
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, P. O. Box 7322, Dongdok, Vientiane, Laos
Author
Prasankok, Pongpun
School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Author
Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai
Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Author
Panha, Somsak
Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
somsak.pan@chula.ac.th
Author
Sutcharit, Chirasak
Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
jirasak4@yahoo.com
text
ZooKeys
2023
2023-01-24
1142
1
144
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097
1313-2970-1142-1
A1129EE50F9941CFB73AE771B66E2486
1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D
15.
Rhiostoma strubelli
Moellendorff
, 1899
Figs 34
, 36
, 41B
Rhiostoms strubelli
Moellendorff
, 1899: 166. Type locality: Kalow, 5000',
suedliche
Shan Staaten [Kalaw, Taunggyi District, Shan State, Myanmar].
Kobelt 1902
: 179. Kobelt 1911: 763, pl. 113, fig. 11.
Zilch 1956
: 174.
Type material.
The original description did not explicitly indicate the number of specimens, and was without illustration or explicit designation of the name-bearing type, although one set of measurements was given in
Moellendorff
(1899)
. Later, Kobelt (1911: pl. 113, fig. 11) illustrated this species for the first time, and then
Zilch (1956)
recognised this figured specimen (SMF 130513) as the
"holotypus"
. This SMF collection lot contains only one specimen; therefore, the subsequent use of the term
"holotypus"
in
Zilch (1956)
constitutes a valid lectotype designation.
Lectotype
(designation in
Zilch (1956)
) SMF 130513 (Fig.
36A
) from S-Shan Staaten: Kalow, 5000'.
Figure 36.
Shell of
Rhiostoma strubelli
A
lectotype SMF 130513 from S-Shan Staaten: Kalow
B-E
specimens CUMZ 10200 from Vieng Phuka, Luang Namtha, Laos and
E
with long breathing device
F
specimen CUMZ 10047 from Xishuangbanna Botanical Garden, Yunnan, China.
Other material examined.
China
: Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Prefecture,
Yunnan Province
: CUMZ 10047 (7 shells; Fig.
36F
).
Laos
: Khao Pa Huak, Vieng Phuka District,
Luang Nam Tha Province
: CUMZ 10200 (29 shells; Figs
36B-E
,
42B
).
Diagnosis.
Shell small, thin, and depressed; detached whorl shorter than apertural width. Shell with brownish zigzag patterns. Breathing device short and incomplete tube shape.
Differential diagnosis.
Rhiostoma strubelli
can be distinguished from
R. haughtoni
and
R. tigrina
sp. nov. by having a smaller shell, very short detached whorl, incomplete tubular shape of breathing device, and apex with dark colouration. In contrast,
R. haughtoni
has a canal-shaped breathing device with a monochrome shell, while
R. tigrina
sp. nov. has a long, detached whorl and short to long breathing device with complete tube shape.
Description.
Shell
.
Shell small, cW 17.3-22.9 mm, cH 8.5-12.0 mm, thin, and sub-discoidal shell; detached-whorl length 2.0-7.0 mm. Apex acute and dark colouration; spire slightly elevated. Whorls 4 to 5, convex, increasing regularly; suture wide and shallow; last whorl rounded. Shell surface with fine growth lines. Periostracum thin, corneous, and transparent. Shell colour with brown zigzag pattern, and narrow dark brown spiral band on periphery. Detached whorl shorter than apertural width. Peristome circular and double; lip thickened and slightly expanded. Aperture opened sub-laterally. Breathing device with incomplete tube shape; outer lip protruded into a nearly closed tube; inner lip with deep incision or small hole inside aperture. Umbilicus widely opened and deep. Operculum calcareous, low cup-shaped, and multispiral (Fig.
36
).
Radula
.
Teeth arrangement and shape are similar to
R. asiphon
. Central tooth with large central cusp and two lateral cusps on each side. Lateral teeth having four cusps; central cusp large, triangular, and flanked by two small inner cusps and one outer cusp. Marginal teeth each consisting of three pointed cusps (Fig.
42B
).
Distribution.
This species is known from Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar. This study recorded specimens from Luang Namtha Province, Laos, and Yunnan in China (Fig.
34
).
Remarks.
This species is previously known only from the holotype from the south of Shan State, Myanmar, which is close to northern Thailand and Laos. However, no
Rhiostoma
specimens collected from northern Thailand could be identified as this species. The specimen from Luang Namtha Province, Laos and Yunnan Province, China are very similar to the lectotype in having short detached whorl and breathing device with an incomplete tube shape. The only difference is in having darker irregular blotches on the shell than the type specimen, and this is considered as intrapopulation variation.