Review of nematode interactions with hemp (Cannabis sativa)
Author
Bernard, Ernest C
Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, 370 Plant Biotechnology, Building, 2505 E J Chapman Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996 - 4560.
ebernard@utk.edu
Author
Chaffin, Angel G
Pope’s Plant Farm, Maryville, TN.
Author
Gwinn, Kimberly D
Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, 370 Plant Biotechnology, Building, 2505 E J Chapman Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996 - 4560.
text
Journal of Nematology
2022
2021-08-23
54
1
1
18
http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2022-002
journal article
298698
10.21307/jofnem-2022-002
c2d976d2-3b31-4091-802d-c11347478fda
2640-396X
11644649
Nematodes and
Cannabis sativa
secondary metabolites
Inflorescences, leaves, and roots of
Cannabis sativa
contain a wealth of secondary metabolites that are bioactive and have potential as sources of biopesticides (
Andre et al., 2016
). Cultivars of medicinal
C. sativa
, CBD-dominant and THC-dominant chemotypes, respectively, are cultivated primarily for the medicinal cannabinoids in the inflorescences (approximately 20% by weight); inflorescences also contain terpenoids and flavonoids but at lower concentrations. Leaves contain less than 10% of the cannabinoids and terpenoids in inflorescences but have higher concentrations of flavonoids (
Jin et al., 2020
). In general, extracts from inflorescences had greater bioactivity against entomopathogenic nematodes than those from leaves or stems. Extracts of leaves from one THC-dominant chemotype and one CBD-dominant chemotype were attractive to
Steinernema feltiae
and
S. carpocapsae
,
respectively, whereas extracts from another THCdominant chemotype and another CBD-dominant chemotype were weak repellents to
S. carpocapsae
(
Laznik et al., 2020
)
. Sterols and triterpenes are the primary components of stem barks and roots (
Jin et al., 2020
), but other compounds such as aliphatics (
Kornpointner et al., 2021
), amides (
Yamamoto et al., 1991
), and cannabinoids (
Gul et al., 2018
) have also been isolated from roots (
Fig. 3
). Numerous root compounds impact nematode behavior and development and may influence many of the host-nematode interactions described above.