Uncovering local endemism from southeastern Myanmar: description of the new karst-associated terrestrial snail genus Burmochlamys (Eupulmonata, Helicarionidae)
Author
Pholyotha, Arthit
Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Author
Sutcharit, Chirasak
Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Author
Lin, Aung
Fauna and Flora International, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar
Author
Panha, Somsak
Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand & Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
somsak.pan@chula.ac.th
text
ZooKeys
2022
2022-07-04
1110
1
37
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461
1313-2970-1110-1
01302157EE404B9999DD3EC3377D929C
88D66028C7A752528DD9138A2105F895
Burmochlamys albida Pholyotha & Panha
sp. nov.
Figs 1
, 2C
, 5D
, 7A, B
, 8G-I
, 9C
, 11C
Material examined.
Type material.
Holotype
: CUMZ 14211 (Fig.
7A
; width
4.5 mm
, height
3.7 mm
).
Paratypes
: Same locality as holotype: CUMZ 14212 (Fig.
7B
; width
4.4 mm
, height
3.2 mm
), NHMUK (two shells).
Figure 7.
Shells of
Burmochlamys
species
A, B
B. albida
sp. nov.
A
holotype
CUMZ 14211, and
D
paratype
CUMZ 14212
C, D
B. fasciola
sp. nov.
C
holotype
CUMZ 14213
D
paratype
CUMZ 14214
E, F
B. moulmeinica
sp. nov.
E
holotype
CUMZ 14216
F
paratype
CUMZ 14217.
Type locality.
Limestone outcrop at Waiponla Monastery, Hpa-An, Kayin State, Myanmar (
16°56'07.4"N
,
97°42'56.8"E
).
Diagnosis.
Shell globose and milky-white with a yellow tinge, rarely with a faintly yellowish brown peripheral band. Animal pale fleshy grey with brown or yellow tinge and five mantle extensions. Genitalia with rather short epiphallic caecum attached by a very large and thick penial retractor muscle and rather short vagina.
Description.
Shell
(Figs
7A, B
,
8G-I
). Shell globose, small (width up to 4.5 mm, height up to 3.7 mm), thin, semi-translucent. Colour milky-white with a yellow tinge and without or rarely with faintly yellowish brown band above periphery. Protoconch and teleoconch surface with similar sculpture. Surface of body whorl with little distinct spiral furrows at regular intervals, crossed by very faintly undulating radial lines (Fig.
8G-I
). Whorls 6-
61/2
, increasing regularly; suture shallowly impressed; spire much elevated; last whorl well-rounded. Aperture obliquely crescent-shaped; peristome simple. Columellar margin simple, slightly reflected near umbilicus. Umbilicus open, narrow, and deep.
Genital organs
(Fig.
9C
). Atrium (at) rather short. Penis (p) moderate, cylindrical, and with penial sheath covering more than half of its length. Epiphallus (e1+e2) ca. three-sevenths of penis length; e1 cylindrical and small diameter smaller than penis and e2; e2 bulbous and ca. half of e1 length. Epiphallic caecum (ec) rather short, cylindrical, and with very large and thick penial retractor muscle (prm) attached at tip. Vas deferens (vd) thin tube. Dart apparatus large, long cylindrical, and located on atrium close to genital orifice. Vagina (v) rather short, cylindrical-shaped. Gametolytic sac (gs) bulbous; gametolytic duct (gd) cylindrical, moderate, ca. half of penis length. Free oviduct (fo) ca. one-quarter of penis length, cylindrical, and encircled with thick tissue near vagina.
Radula
(Fig.
11C
). Generally resembles
B. cassidula
. Teeth arranged in wide U-shaped rows, each row consisting of ~ 55 teeth. Central tooth monocuspid, large, and ovate spatulate shape; with two smaller triangular-shaped teeth. Laterals and marginals not differentiated, monocuspid, large spatulate shape and then gradually become narrower, elongate, rather more pointed cusp, and with one smaller triangular-shaped tooth. Some outermost teeth with a small, pointed cusp at the inner side.
External appearance
(Fig.
5D
). Living animal with reticulated skin, pale freshy-grey with a brown or yellow tinge. Five well-developed mantle extensions, with similar colour to body. Sole divided into three parts longitudinally; caudal foss and caudal horn well developed, similar colour to body.
Etymology.
The specific epithet
albida
is from the Latin word
albidus
meaning white. It refers to the whitish shell, which characterises this species.
Distribution.
Burmochlamys albida
sp. nov. is endemic to a limestone outcrop at Waiponla Monastery. The surrounding paddy fields usually become flooded during the monsoon season (Figs
1
,
2C
). In addition, this new species is also sympatric with the limestone karst-restricted species,
Sophina salweenica
Sutcharit & Panha, 2020.
Remarks.
Among the whitish-shelled species (see Table
2
),
B. albida
sp. nov. has a very indistinctly narrow yellowish brown peripheral band, whereas
B. cassidula
has a wide yellowish brown peripheral band,
B. fasciola
sp. nov. has a narrow yellowish brown peripheral band, and
B. versicolor
sp. nov. has yellowish brown body whorl near the aperture and wider umbilicus than the other preceding species. Anatomically,
B. albida
sp. nov. has a large and thick penial retractor muscle, rather slender vagina, and simple at the tip of dart apparatus. In comparison,
B. cassidula
has a thin penial retractor muscle, large and short vagina, and soft at the tip of dart apparatus, while
B. fasciola
sp. nov. has a thin penial retractor muscle, very short vagina, and solid at the tip of dart apparatus. In addition,
B. versicolor
sp. nov. has a thin penial retractor muscle, rather slender vagina, and relatively smaller dart apparatus with soft at the tip.
Burmochlamys albida
sp. nov. differs from the remaining
Burmochlamys
species by having a milky-white shell. While most other species have a pale to dark brownish shell without a peripheral band (see Table
2
). Regardless of the shell colour and genitalia, this new species differs from
B. cauisa
and
B. perpaula
by spire, body whorl, and aperture. In comparison,
B. cauisa
has slightly elevated spire, well-rounded last whorl, and rather broad crescent-shaped aperture, while
B. perpaula
has slightly elevated spire, rather more convex body whorl, and narrower crescent-shaped aperture.