Iranotrichia gen. n., a new genus of Scenopinidae (Diptera) from Iran, with a key to window fly genera of the worldAuthorWinterton, Shaun L.AuthorGharali, BabaktextZooKeys20111387592http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.138.1821journal articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.138.18211313-2970-138-75Iranotrichiagen. n.Type species:Iranotrichia insolita
sp. n.
Diagnosis.
Body length: 4.0-5.5 mm [male], 4.5-5.0 mm [female]. Head higher than long, sub-spherical, female with broad, raised postocular ridge; antenna elongate, cylindrical, length 0.6
-1.2x
head length; antennal style subterminal, flagellum broadly rounded to truncate apically, not notched; frons relatively flat, not protruding anteriorly; mouthparts greater than head length, projecting anteriorly; scutum with dense pile of semi-appressed, silver-white lanceolate setae, all directed towards a single posteromedial point (Figs 2-3, 6); wing vein M1 joining with R5 (Fig. 1A), cell r5 petiolate to wing margin; wing vein M2 absent; costal margin ending at vein R5; abdomen broad, width equal to thorax; tergite 2 sensory setae well defined and two circular patches. Male genitalia: rotated 180°; tergite 7 and sternite 7 broad and separate, not ring-like; male epandrium split medially as two sclerites, halves sub-circular or sub-triangular;epandrium not covering gonocoxites ventrally; hypandrium as, paired sclerites, narrow paddle-shape with short setae along posterior margin; gonostylus well developed, irregular shaped, dark sclerotized and irregular spinose marginally; aedeagus protruding anteriorly from epandrium only a relatively short distance; gonocoxite irregularly shaped and mostly reduced; gonocoxal apodeme relatively thickened, broadly triangular with medial braces joining with aedeagus; aedeagus with lateral aedeagal bulb present, sometimes well developed; distiphallus bifid, recurved dorsally at base then greatly elongate and coiled. Female genitalia: tergite 9+10 narrow and band-like, acanthophorite spines absent; sternite 8 slightly longer than tergite 8, broadly acuminate posteriorly; furca a dark-sclerotized ring with narrow posterolateral arm, connected posteromedially with
'Y'
-shaped sclerotized bridge between furca and anterior margins of tergite 9+10; two sclerotized spherical spermathecae; spermathecal sac simple, connected to bursa medially immediately anterior to spermathecal ducts.
Etymology.The genus name is derived from the type location of members of this genus; Iran, -trichia (Greek: hair), referring to the setal pattern and has frequently been used historically to formulate to scenopinid generic names.
Included species.
Iranotrichia insolita
sp. n.,
Iranotrichia nigra
sp. n.
Comments.
This genus is placed in
Scenopininae
based on the rotated genitalia, wing venation and shape of the tergite two setal patches. The general habitus of members of this new genus is very reminiscent of certain genera of
Bombyliidae
.
Iranotrichia
gen. n. is morphologically very similar to
Metatrichia
and
Pseudomphrale
, but can be separated from these and other
Scenopinidae
based on the greatly elongate and often coiled bifid distiphallus,
elongate
antennae and mouthparts, flagellum not notched apically and with style subapical on outer surface. The elongate antennae and mouthparts and distiphallus are characteristic of
Iranotrichia
; although such elongation of these structures is sometimes found in proratine genera such as
Prorates
and
Jackhallia
, it is not found elsewhere in
Scenopininae
. Some species of
Pseudomphrale
and
Metatrichia
have elongated mouthparts (e.g.
Metatrichia palaestinensis
(
Kroeber
, 1937),
Metatrichia freidbergi
Krivoshiena and Krivosheina, 1999, and
Pseudomphrale longirostris
Becker, 1913) (
Krivosheina and Krivosheina 1999
;
Kelsey 1969
) about half as long as species of
Iranotrichia
gen. n. Possibly of little phylogenetic significance, but useful for differentiating
Pseudomphrale
from
Iranotrichia
gen. n. and
Metatrichia
is that all specimens of
Pseudomphrale
species are between 1.6 and 4.0 mm body length, while specimens of
Iranotrichia
and
Metatrichia
are rarely less than 4.0 mm (
Kelsey 1969
;
Krivosheina and Krivosheina 1996
,
1999
;
Winterton and Woodley 2009
). A greatly elongate, coiled distiphallus is also present in
Metatrichia palaestinensis
(cf.
Kroeber
1937
and
Kelsey 1969
). Both species of
Iranotrichia
gen. n. are known only from a single collecting event in Ghazvin province, Iran where
Iranotrichia insolita
sp. n. is apparently far more abundant than
Iranotrichia nigra
sp. n.
Key to
Iranotrichia
gen. n.