Cytotaxonomy and DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico Author Castiglia, Riccardo Author Annesi, Flavia Author Bezerra, Alexandra M. R. Author García, Andrés Author Flores-Villela, Oscar text Zootaxa 2010 2508 1 29 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.196005 4a013300-d475-4db9-a5cf-bff30510ac4a 1175-5326 196005 Phyllodactylus lanei Smith (Lane's Leaf-toed Gecko) Specimens analyzed: one male (CEAC3), one female (CEAC4). Distribution: a Mexican endemic, with records from Nayarit, Guerrero, Jalisco, and Michoacán, and possibly Colima. Subspecies: P. l. lanei : Guerrero; P. l. rupinus : Nayarit, coastal Jalisco, southern Michoacán; and two insular Subspecies: P. l. lupitae and P. l. isabelae ( Castro-Franco & Uribe-Pena 1992 ). Karyotype: karyological data in P. l a n e i were restricted to a report that described karyotypes of specimens from the state of Guerrero, that probably belong to P. l. lanei , 2n = 33–34 and FN = 40–41 ( King 1981 ). The karyotype of specimens from Chamela region belonging to P. l. rupinus has been recently described ( Castiglia et al. 2009 ). It shows 2n = 38 and FN = 38, composed of 19 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes. Thus the karyptypes belonging to the two subspecies differ by the presence of two pairs of large metacentric chromosomes in P. l. l a n e i that are absent in P. l. rupinus . The slight difference in the fundamental number found in the two samples is probably due to a different interpretation of the very small short arms (see Castiglia et al. 2009 for details). Moreover, in the karyotype from Guerrero, a pair of heteromorphic chromosomes was also observed. In females, one of the homologues of this pair was described as bi-armed (with tiny short arms) and this was considered, by the author, a possible ZW sex chromosome system. However, in the studied individuals from Chamela, no chromosome pairs showed a visible heteromorphic condition ( Castiglia et al. 2009 ). DNA taxonomy: a single sequence (rDNA 16S) of P. l a n e i from Guerrero is available in GeneBank ( Blair et al. 2009 ). This sequence possibly belongs to P. l. lanei . The genetic divergence between the haplotypes from Chamela and those from Guerrero is relatively high, (8.4–8.7%; 449 bp). This divergence is similar to that found among three insular subspecies belong to P. wirshingi , which are considered full species by Weiss and Hedges (2007) . Because of the high chromosomal and genetic differences found between the specimens from Guerrero and Jalisco, is plausible the elevation of P. l. rupinus to a specific rank. However, molecular analysis from the type locality of P. l. rupinus (Lombardia, Michoacan, Mexico ) are needed before any definitive taxonomic change can be made.