Ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen): zoogeography, distribution and description of a new species
Author
Sharaf, Mostafa R.
Author
Fisher, Brian L.
Author
Collingwood, Cedric A.
Author
Aldawood, Abdulrahman S.
text
Journal of Natural History
2017
J. Nat. Hist.
2017-01-27
51
5 - 6
317
378
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1271157
journal article
55739
10.1080/00222933.2016.1271157
f91a0e7b-c4c5-458a-858a-9de4cf82e13f
1464-5262
5184295
89612083-9CE6-48E8-8975-1CE5334E098B
Cardiocondyla minutior
Forel, 1899
(
Figure 10
(a–c))
Cardiocondyla nuda
var.
minutior
Forel, 1899: 120
(w.)
Hawaii
. Oceania.
Diagnosis
Worker
. Eyes small, with distinct microsetae; posterior margin of head straight or very weakly concave; anterior clypeal margin with feeble median concavity; mesosomal outline in profile nearly straight or feebly convex; metanotal groove weakly impressed or entirely absent; propodeal spines short and acute; petiole in profile with concave anterior face and rounded node; petiolar node in dorsal view circular and as long as broad; postpetiole low, with a completely flat sternite and without anteroventral bulge. Head, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole varying from dirty yellow to dark dirty brown, gaster brown to blackish brown.
Material examined
Yemen
,
Socotra Island
,
Dixam
(
W. Zereg
),
24 April
2014
, 279 m, (M.
R
.
Sharaf
leg.),
12.46868°N
,
54.01091°E
(18 w,
KSMA
);
Yemen
,
Socotra Island
, Himihil Protectorate,
23 April
2014
, 355 m, (M.
R
.
Sharaf
leg.),
12.58954°N
,
54.30570°E
(12w,
KSMA
);
Yemen
,
Socotra Island
, W.
Jo’
o,
21 April
2014
, 196 m, (M.
R
.
Sharaf
leg.),
12.54038°N
,
54.17186°E
(2 w,
KSMA
);
Yemen
,
Socotra Island
, W.
Sakhalof
,
27 April 2014
, 48 m, (M.
R
.
Sharaf
leg.),
12.63311°N
,
54.05632°E
(5 w,
KSMA
);
Yemen
,
Socotra Island
, Lehanoh,
22 April
2014
, 931 m, (M.
R
.
Sharaf
leg.),
12.57583°N
,
54.04836°E
(10 w,
KSMA
);
Yemen
,
Socotra Island
, Dehejamo,
22 April
2014
, 563 m, (M.
R
.
Sharaf
leg.),
12.59049°N
,
54.05205°E
(1 w,
KSMA
)
.
Geographic range
This species was originally described from Hawaii (
Forel 1899
) and is a cosmopolitan tramp species (
Seifert 2003
). Our collections represent a new record for
Socotra
Archipelago.
Ecological and biological notes
The nesting and foraging behaviours of
Cardiocondyla minutior
are diverse. Workers were found in leaf litter under a date palm tree where the soil was moist and rich in accumulations of domestic livestock waste. Several specimens were observed foraging in leaf litter on a mountainside near a drainage where the soil was moist and supported diverse plant cover but was dominated by
Adiantum capillus-veneris
L. (
Pteridaceae
). A number of workers were found foraging in dry leaf litter under a small
Fagonia
tree (
Zygophyllaceae
). Several workers were found nesting in the moist basal leaves of a date palm tree trunk where hundreds of
Hypoponera punctatissima
(
Roger, 1859
)
workers cooccurred.