Oxysarcodexia Townsend, 1917 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) - a centennial conspectus Author Souza, Carina Mara De carina_mara@yahoo.com.br Author Pape, Thomas tpape@snm.ku.dk Author Thyssen, Patricia Jacqueline carina_mara@yahoo.com.br text Zootaxa 2020 2020-08-31 4841 1 1 126 journal article 8542 10.11646/zootaxa.4841.1.1 18306272-d3ad-494e-a630-cf9f40132d2f 1175-5326 4405603 F55A3BE7-673C-4D46-9FC4-D5B5C7041DC0 Oxysarcodexia parva Lopes, 1946 ( Figs 210–212 ) Oxysarcodexia parva Lopes, 1946b: 97 ; Brazil , Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Grajaú. Holotype male and seven male paratypes in MNRJ. Diagnosis. Male. Length 7.0–8.0 mm. Postocular plate with golden pollinosity. Ocellar bristles well developed. Thorax grayish with pale golden pollinosity only laterally. Two well-differentiated posterior and 1–3 smaller anterior post-sutural dorsocentrals. Apical scutellar bristles absent. Legs blackish. Abdomen with silvery pollinosity; T5 partly with golden pollinosity. T3 with 1 pair of lateral marginal bristles, T4 with 1 pair of median marginal and 1 pair of lateral marginal bristles. ST5 with deep median cleft with margins almost parallel and with scattered bristles on arms. Cercus sinuous in lateral view, with pointed obliquely cut apex. Cercus with bristles ventrally absent only on the middle portion. Cerci with distal third narrower than middle part in posterior view; parallel and with a distinct constriction mid length. Pregonite with expanded base, gradually narrowing to apex, which is darker than base. Postgonite like pregonite, except unicolorous. Distiphallus with smooth ventroapical margin, rounded apex, sinuous dorsal outline and lateroapical expansions. Vesica symmetrical, with angular median projection of main branch; distal lobes reduced, rounded, membranous, without spines. Remarks. Silva & Mello-Patiu (2008) provided a detailed comparison of the male terminalia of O. parva with those of O. avuncula , O. confusa and O. diana , three sympatric species with which it is frequently misidentified. The female of O. parva has an undivided T7 ( Tibana & Mello 1985 ). See also remarks under O. comparilis , O. edwardsi and O. meridionalis . Distribution. NEOTROPICAL. Argentina ( Jujuy , Misiones), Brazil ( Bahia *, Ceará , Mato Grosso *, Mato Grosso do Sul , Minas Gerais , Rio de Janeiro , Paraná , São Paulo ). Biology. Oxysarcodexia parva has been reared from human feces ( Lopes 1973b ; D’Almeida 1994). Under laboratory conditions, it has been reared on a mixture of agar associated with powdered milk ( Lopes 1973b ). At LIE, O. parva was reared on minced bovine meat, with the larval stages lasting 6–7 days and the development from pupa to adult ranging from 9 to 11 days. It is known to be collected from human feces, bovine liver, lung, minced meat, chicken viscera, fish, squid, mouse and pig carcasses, rotten banana mixed with brown sugar, and rotten S. comosa ( Lopes 1973b , 1975a ; Dias et al. 1984a ; Pamplona et al. 2000 ; Barbosa et al. 2009 ; Vairo et al. 2011 ; Alves et al. 2014 ; Souza & Von Zuben 2016 ; Faria et al . 2018 ). Dias et al. (1984a) collected O. parva in urban, rural and forest areas and considered it as non-synanthropic. Dias et al. (1984c) also observed a higher preference for human feces compared to other types of bait (chicken viscera, raw fish, mouse carcasses and banana mixed with brown sugar). The species has also been reported from areas of degraded vegetation ( Pamplona et al. 2000 ), Brazilian Caatinga ( Alves et al. 2014 ), semi-deciduous Brazilian Cerrado forest ( Souza & Von Zuben 2016 ; Faria et al . 2018 ; restricted to the dry season), and in an ombrophilous forest ( Vairo et al. 2011 ). Oxysarcodexia parva has been reported as a floral visitor of Triplaris gardneriana (Polygonaceae) ( Custodio et al. 2017 ) FIGURES 201–209. Oxysarcodexia spp., males. 201–203. Oxysarcodexia occulta Lopes (Brazil, São Paulo, Mogi Guaçu, LIE). 201. Habitus, lateral view. 202. Terminalia , lateral view. 203. Terminalia , posterior view. 204–206. Oxysarcodexia orbitalis Dodge , holotype (Martinique, Mont Pélé, USNM). 204. Habitus, lateral view. 205. Terminalia , lateral view. 206. Terminalia , posterior view. 207–209. Oxysarcodexia pallisteri Dodge , holotype (Peru, Machu Picchu, Pueblo Cusa, AMNH). 207. Habitus, lateral view. 208. Phallic complex (flipped horizontally to facilitate comparisons). 209. Cercus and surstylus, lateral view (flipped horizontally to facilitate comparisons). Figs 204–206 by N.E. Woodley (USNM) and T. Dikow (USNM); Figs 207–208 by D. Grimaldi (AMNH); Fig. 209 adapted from Lopes (1975c) . Type material examined. Holotype ♂ : [ Brazil ] GRAJAHÚ RIO DE JANEIRO S. LOPES 20-8-39 / Holotype / Oxysarcodexia parva n. sp. 44- Det. H. S. Lopes / MNRJ 2248 [typed vertically on left side of label] [ MNRJ ] // paratype ♂ : Salobra Jan.941 MATO GROSSO [ Brazil ] Com. I.O.C / Paratype / Oxysarcodexia parva n. sp. 44 Det. H. S. Lopes [ MNRJ ] . Other material examined. [ ♂ ] Brasil, MS , Porto Murtinho 22°01′09”S 57°52′04”W vii-viii.2013 T. Custódio & D. Ciriaco col. / Oxysarcodexia parva Lopes, 1946 Det. CA Mello-Patiu [ MNRJ ] // [ ♂ ] ENCRUZILHADA BAHIA BRASIL / ALVARENGA & ROPPA XI-1974 / Oxysarcodexia parva Lopes Det. R. Tibana [ MNRJ ] // [ ♂ ] BRAZIL : São Paulo , Campinas , Sousas , 13.IV.2011 , C. M. Souza , D. L. Brancoli , F. Rezende / ??? 4 Sousas , Campinas-SP, 13/04/2011 / Oxy sp 1 [ LIE ] .