A new species of Phonotimpus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from Mexico Author Chamé-Vázquez, David Author Ibarra-Núñez, Guillermo text Zootaxa 2019 2019-01-16 4545 1 146 150 journal article 27650 10.11646/zootaxa.4545.1.10 60961eab-9bfd-4655-a2d9-fbea577e716e 1175-5326 2618627 A12D7B4C-3939-4CA8-91EC-D6F1B3B2B1A2 Phonotimpus marialuisae sp. nov. ( Figs 1–2 ) Phrurotimpus sp. nov. Jiménez, 1989 : 144 , figs. 174–178 Type material. Holotype ♂ : MEXICO : Estado de Mexico : Municipio de Temazcaltepec , San Francisco Oxtotilpan , 13 February 1984 , pine-oak forest, M.L. Jiménez leg. ( CARCIB 0218 ) . Allotype : ♀ , same data as holotype except 14 November 1983 (CARCIB 0206). Paratypes : 1♀ , 1♂ , same data as holotype ( AMNH ) ; 2♂ , same data as holotype ( CARCIB 0218 ) ; 1♀ , 1♂ , same data as allotype (ECOTAAR-002830) ; 1♀ , 1♂ , same data as allotype ( CNAN-T01296 ) ; 3♀ , same data as allotype ( CARCIB 0206 ) ; 2♀ , same data as holotype except 25 August 1984 ( CARCIB 0215 ) . Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Dr María Luisa Jiménez (CIBNOR, Mexico ), who has improved the knowledge of Mexican spiders and who collected the type series of this species. Diagnosis. Among congeners, females of P. marialuisae sp. nov. share only with P. separatus the single atrium with the copulatory opening located in the middle of the epigynal plate ( Figs 1G, J ) and the spermathecae positioned posterior to the copulatory opening. It can be separated from the latter species by the short copulatory ducts with the first part widened, sclerotized and touching one another just after the copulatory opening, forming a copulatory duct chamber (CDC in Figs 1H, I, K ), and by the oblong bursae arising from the sides of the CDC ( Figs 1H, I, K ). Males of P. marialuisae sp. nov. differ from P. pennimani and P. talquian by having a conspicuous palpal femoral groove associated with the femoral apophysis (RFG and FA in Figs 2E, F ), a rhomboid-shaped conductor, embolus pointing to the ectal side ( Figs 2 A–B), and a distal spur-like tegular apophysis (TS in Figs 2H, I ). Description. Male holotype . Carapace yellowish, chelicerae, labium, endites and sternum paler than carapace. Legs pale yellow. Opisthosoma yellowish, with faded gray pattern with five diffuse chevrons; dorsal scutum shiny brown; venter of opisthosoma yellowish ( Figs 1E, F ). Total length 1.90; carapace 0.91 long, 0.75 wide; opisthosoma 0.99 long, 0.65 wide. Carapace pear-shaped, fovea longitudinal. AER almost straight, PER recurved as seen from above ( Fig. 1E ). Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.06, PME 0.04, PLE 0.06. AME-AME 0.03, AME-ALE touching, PME- PME 0.04, PME-PLE 0.02, ALE-PLE 0.03. MOA 0.13 long, front width 0.11, back width 0.13. Clypeus height 0.07. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth. Each paturon with two frontal spines, ectal one smaller than mesal one. Labium wider than long (0.15/0.08); endites longer than wide (0.23/0.18); sternum as long as wide (0.52/ 0.52). Dorsal scutum covering roughly half of opisthosoma, ventral scutum covering roughly 1/3 of opisthosoma (arrow in Fig. 1F ). Leg measurements: I 2.80 (0.77, 0.30, 0.71, 0.67, 0.35), II 2.49 (0.70, 0.29, 0.55, 0.57, 0.38), III 2.23 (0.61, 0.28, 0.41, 0.56, 0.37), IV 3.14 (0.84, 0.30, 0.68, 0.83, 0.49). Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: Femora II-IV with 1 dorsal spine on basal half. Femur I with 2 prolateral spines on the distal half; tibia I with 6 pairs of ventral spines; metatarsus I with 4 proventral and 3 retroventral spines; femur II with 1 prolateral spine on distal half; tibia II with 5 proventral and 4 retroventral spines; metatarsus II with 4 proventral and 3 retroventral spines; metatarsi III with a preening brush; left leg IV missing. Tarsal claws of legs without teeth. Palpus: femur with 1 dorso-basal spine, with conspicuous retrolateral femoral groove and femoral apophysis in its distal half; with cluster of distal setae on prolateral side ( Figs 2E, F ); patella with 1 prolateral spine in its basal half. In retrolateral view, RTA slightly wider at midpoint, dorsal tibial apophysis slenderer than RTA ( Figs 2D, G ). In ventral view, RTA with tip concave on its mesal side ( Fig. 2A ). Embolus tapering and pointing to the ectal side with broad base (asterisk in Fig. 2B ); embolar basal process shorter than embolus, with short ventral lobe (arrow in Fig. 2B ); membranous rhomb-shaped conductor ( Figs 2A, B ). In dorsal view, dorsal tibial apophysis mostly straight, its tip strongly curved ( Fig. 2C ); cymbium with groove where distal part of dorsal tibial apophysis rests; tegulum with dorso-distal spur-like apophysis ( Figs 2 H–I), covered by conductor in ventral view. Female allotype . Coloration as in male, except carapace dark yellow, legs yellowish; opisthosoma yellowish, with light brown pattern and six white cream chevrons ( Figs 1 A–D). Total length 2.30; carapace 0.97 long, 0.80 wide; opisthosoma 1.33 long, 0.97 wide. Carapace, AER and PER as in male. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.07, PME 0.04, PLE 0.06. AME-AME 0.03, AME-ALE touching, PME-PME 0.05, PME-PLE 0.03, ALE-PLE 0.04. MOA 0.13 long, front width 0.11, back width 0.13. Clypeus height 0.07. Cheliceral teeth and spines on paturon as in male. Labium wider than long (0.15/0.10); endites longer than wide (0.27/0.18); sternum as long as wide (0.56/0.56). Dorsal scutum covering roughly 1/3 of the opisthosoma, ventral scutum absent. Leg measurements: I 3.08 (0.82, 0.35, 0.79, 0.71, 0.41), II 2.57 (0.71, 0.32, 0.58, 0.59, 0.37), III 2.36 (0.62, 0.29, 0.45, 0.60, 0.40), IV 3.40 (0.89, 0.34, 0.75, 0.89, 0.53). Leg formula and spination as in male, except femora I-IV with 1 dorsal spine in basal half (spine on femur I is smaller than dorsal spine on femora II-IV), left tibia II with 5 pairs of ventral spines but right tibia II as in male. Metatarsi III with preening brush ( Fig. 1L ). Tarsal claws of legs and palpi without teeth. Tarsal organ capsulate with oval opening ( Figs 1M, N ). Palpus: femur with 1 dorso-distal spine, patella with 1 prolateral spine in its basal half, tibia with 1 dorsal and 1 prolateral spines in its basal half. Epigynum: single shallow median atrium, with copulatory opening in middle of slightly sclerotized epigynal plate ( Figs 1G, J ); bursae and spermathecae visible through the integument ( Fig. 1G ). In dorsal view; first part of each copulatory duct is widened, sclerotized and touching one another just after the copulatory opening, forming a transverse oval copulatory duct chamber ( Figs 1H, I, K ), kidney-shaped bursae arise from sides of this chamber, surrounding it anteriorly; posterior oval spermathecae smaller than bursae, touching posteriorly; fertilization ducts arise in middle of spermathecae ( Figs 1H, I, K ). FIGURE 1. Phonotimpus marialuisae sp. nov. A–B. Female, dorsal view; C–D. Female, ventral view; E. Male, dorsal view; F. Male, ventral view, arrow points to ventral scutum; G–K. Epigynum, G. Ventral view; H–I, K. Dorsal view; J. Ventro-lateral view; L. Preening brush on metatarsus III; M. Female tarsal organ, leg I; N. Same, leg II. Scale A–F: 0.5 mm; G–K: 0.2 mm; L: 0.05 mm; M– N: 0.005 mm. Abbreviations: A, atrium; B, bursa; CDC, copulatory duct chamber; CO, copulatory opening; FD, fertilization duct; S, spermatheca. FIGURE 2. Male palpus of Phonotimpus marialuisae sp. nov. A. Ventral view; B. Detail of the copulatory bulb, arrow points to lobe of embolar basal process and asterisk is over base of embolus; C. Cymbium and tibia, dorsal view; arrow on cymbial groove; D. Retrolateral view; E. Femur, retrolateral view; F. Femur, ventral view; G. Tibia, retrolateral view; H. Dissected copulatory bulb, dorsal view; I. Detail of the copulatory bulb, dorsal view. Scale A–H: 0.1 mm; I: 0.05 mm. Abbreviations: C, conductor; Cb, cymbium; DTA, dorsal tibial apophysis; E, embolus; EBP, embolar basal process; FA, femoral apophysis; PFS, prolateral femoral setae; RFG, retrolateral femoral groove; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; T, tegulum; TS, tegular spur. Variation. Males (n=5) total length 1.72–1.94; carapace 0.84–0.91 long, 0.68–0.77 wide. Male scutum ranges from occupying roughly 1/2 to 2/3 of opisthosoma length. Females (n=8) total length 2.32–2.67; carapace 0.89–1.05 long, 0.75–0.88 wide. The female scutum ranges from occupying roughly 1/4 to 1/3. Some males and females have only four white cream chevrons on dorsum of opisthosoma. All specimens have one dorsal spine on femora II–IV, but four females (including the allotype ) have one smaller dorsal spine on femora I. As in P. pennimani or P. talquian , some specimens have one more or one less spine on tibiae I or II, but the leg in the opposite side has the number of macrosetae noted in the holotype . Distribution. MEXICO , only known from the type locality. Taxonomic comments. Females of P. pennimani and P. talquian do not have a copulatory duct chamber as described here, but P. separatus (see Chamé-Vázquez et al. 2018 , figs 1E–G) and some Otacilia species (see Wang et al. 2015 , figs 2F–G, 4F–G) have the copulatory ducts widened just after the copulatory opening. However, none of those species have the widened part of the copulatory ducts as contiguous, as in P. marialuisae sp. nov. The conformation of the male palp of P. marialuisae sp. nov. is different from P. pennimani or P. talquian . In those, the palpal retrolateral femoral groove, femoral apophysis and the dorsal groove on cymbium are inconspicuous, the RTA is tapering, the conductor is tube-like, embolus points distally and the tegular spur is absent ( Chamé-Vázquez et al. 2018 ). There are still several undescribed species of phrurolithids from Mexico and Central America, most of them can be assigned to Phonotimpus (Platnick pers. comm.). However, this genus is not completely circumscribed because the male of the genotype is unknown.