Synopsis of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil Author Silva, Otávio Luis Marques Da Author for correspondence. Email: otaviolmarques @ gmail. com Author Cordeiro, Inês Author Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi text Phytotaxa 2014 2014-10-08 181 4 193 215 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.181.4.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.181.4.1 1179-3163 5146135 13. Euphorbia papillosa Saint-Hilaire (1824:18) ( Fig. 4F–H ). Type:— BRAZIL . Pasturages naturels du midi de la province de Sainte-Catherine et daus ceux de la province de Rio grande do sul , A.F.C.P. Saint-Hilaire 6952 ( holotype P!, isotypes P!, MPU!). Distribution and habitat:— Euphorbia papillosa occurs in Brazil , Paraguay , Uruguay and Argentina . In the State of São Paulo, the species is known by only one specimen , collected between rocks in a pasture. Representative Specimen:— BRAZIL . São Paulo : “Córrego Alegre”, 03 January 1897 , A. Löfgren CGG3465 (SP) . Taxonomic notes:— Euphorbia papillosa may be easily distinguished among species with cyathia arranged in pleiochasia by its conspicuous indumentum all over the plant, while the others species ( E. chrysophylla , E. cordeiroae , E. elodes and E. rhabdodes ) are glabrate to glabrescent. The only record for the state of São Paulo is a collection by A. Löfgren , from the Geological-Geographic Comission of São Paulo , from a locality called “Córrego Alegre” in 1897, in the region of Serra da Mantiqueira. During the fieldwork for this treatment, we did not succed in collecting this species. Since no new specimen was collected in the state of São Paulo in the last century, the species is considered “Presumably Extinct” in the state according to the criteria of Mamede et al. (2007) .