New Burmese amber fossils clarify the evolution of bethylid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) Author Jouault, Corentin Author Ngô-Muller, Valérie Author Pouillon, Jean-Marc Author Nel, André text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2021 2020-07-23 191 4 1044 1058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa078 journal article 7417 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa078 38880cb5-5fc0-4e6a-a688-5e21006f9a10 0024-4082 4681287 611CD23B-912B-4737-AE4C-82218A2B0216 MEGALOPSENELLA POUILLONI SP. NOV. ( FIGS 5 , 6 ) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 578342A1-78A5-4F5E-9A08E5D3E1B46A83 . Holotype : Female , accession number Po 55 (complete and well-preserved female specimen in a rounded piece of amber measuring 20 × 20 × 5 mm , without syninclusions), housed in the Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Colmar , France . Type locality and horizon: Noije Bum Hill, Hukawng Valley, Kachin State , Myanmar ; Lower Cenomanian, Upper Cretaceous. Figure 4. Cretapristocera longiscapa , sp. nov. holotype IGR.BU-009. Line drawing of habitus, in dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. Etymology: Named after Jean-Marc Pouillon, who donated the holotype . Description: Female; body about 7 mm long, not depressed, almost smooth and not strongly foveolate; LFW 4.31 mm ; castaneous; wings setose. LH 1.13 mm ; WH 0.29 mm ; WF 1.3 mm ; HE 0.33 mm ; OOL 0.55 mm ; WOT 0.32 mm ; DAO 0.14 mm ; VOL 0.18 mm . Head not pubescent, smooth; mandible elongate, teeth not visible; six maxillary palpomeres, three (?) visible labial palpomeres; gena slightly projecting forward; reduced clypeus medially emarginate; antennal sockets partially closed dorsally by a tooth-shaped projection; antenna with 11 cylindrical flagellomeres; scape 0.47 × 0.22 mm , pedicel 0.1 2 × 0.1 2 mm , F1 0.1 4 × 0.1 2 mm (all measurements refer to length × width), F2 0.15 × 0.13 mm , F3 0.15 × 0.13 mm , F4 0.15 × 0.13 mm , F5 0.15 × 0.11 mm , F6 0.18 × 0.11 mm , F7 0.15 × 0.11 mm , F8 0.16 × 0.10 mm , F9 0.17 × 0.10 mm , F10 0.17 × 0.09 mm ; F11 0.3 × 0.09 mm ; occipital carina strongly marked; compound eye without microsetae; ocellar triangle not visible. Mesosoma with dorsum smooth, not sculptured; KEY TO GENERA OF † PROTOPRISTOCERINAE 1. Antenna with 13 antennomeres with short scape; forewing venation usually developed but sometimes reduced...............................................................................................................................................................2 - Antenna with 12 antennomeres, scape elongated; forewing venation always reduced (Cenomanian: Myanmar ) ................................................................................................................... Cretapristocera gen. nov. 2. Head elongated with small eyes .......................................................................................................................3 - Head almost globose with large eyes ...............................................................................................................4 3. Mandibles only with few teeth (five) along masticatory margin; legs with pro- and meta-femora clearly thickened; forewing cell 2R1 open (Cenomanian: Myanmar ) ........................... Bethylitella Cockerell, 1917a - Mandibles with small teeth along masticatory margin and with basal one elongated: legs, except pro- femora, only slightly thickened; forewing cell 2R1 almost closed (Eocene: Baltic amber) .............................. ................................................................................................................................ Protopristocera Brues, 1923 4. Notauli well developed, parapsidal furrow weak (Eocene: Oise amber) .... Gynopteron Falières & Nel, 2019 - Notauli weak, parapsidal furrow well-visible (Eocene: Baltic amber) ................. Bethylopteron Brues, 1933 Forewing covered with microtrichia and bordered with small setae; anterior border not angularly incurved anterior to pterostigma; seven closed cells present, and all veins C, Sc + R, Rs, M + Cu, Cu, A tubular; pterostigma rather broad; poststigmal abscissa of R1 long; hindwing 3.23 mm long with five hamuli. Metasoma c . 5.76 mm long, with short petiole; length of clearly visible tergites: T1 1.45 mm , T2 1 mm , T3 at least 0.8 mm ; short part of sting visible.