Overlooked cryptic diversity in Muschampia (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) adds two species to the European butterfly fauna Author Hinojosa, Joan C. Author Dapporto, Leonardo Author Brockmann, Ernst Author Dincă, Vlad Author Tikhonov, Valentin Author Grishin, Nick Author Lukhtanov, Vladimir A. Author Vila, Roger text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2021 2021-01-08 193 847 859 journal article 3731 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa171 b36ab825-a0bd-46b4-9563-3d99f727465a 0024-4082 5638991 MUSCHAMPIA PROTEIDES (WAGNER, 1929) Type locality: Akşehir , Turkey . O r i g i n a l r e f e r e n c e: Wa g n e r F. 1 9 2 9. We i t e r e r Beitrag zur Lepidopteren-Fauna Inner-Anatoliens. M i t t e i l u n g e n d e r M ü n ch n e r E n t o m o l o g i s ch e n Gesellschaft 19: 1–28. Original name: Hesperia proto proteides . Nuclear and mitochondrial markers displayed differences with respect to M. proto and M. alta . We recover it as monophyletic in the phylogeny based on ITS2. However, it is paraphyletic with respect to M. alta in the COI phylogeny. Minimum uncorrected p -distances are 2.87% (ITS2) and 2.08% ( COI ) with respect to M. alta and 2.53% (ITS2) and 2.96% ( COI ) with respect to M. proto . The gnathos of the male genitalia is typically wide and short, a character useful to differentiate it from M. proto and M. alta . No diagnostic traits in the wings to distinguish it from M. proto and M. alta were observed, although no morphometric analyses were performed. Distribution: From eastern Europe ( Ukraine , southwestern Russia ), Anatolia and Israel to the northeastern coast of the Caspian Sea and Iran . Its distribution further east is unclear. We confirm its presence in the Greek islands of Symi and Tilos, which suggests that it is the only species of the triplet found in the eastern Aegean Islands.